Cybaeodamus spinosissimus, Henrard & Jocqué & Carvalho, 2025

Henrard, Arnaud, Jocqué, Rudy & Carvalho, Leonardo S., 2025, Three new Cybaeodamus Mello-Leitão, 1938 species from Brazil (Araneae, Zodariidae), European Journal of Taxonomy 1004, pp. 92-119 : 107-111

Cybaeodamus spinosissimus sp. nov.

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:835B2369-137E-44B7-BD34-3E108E65D52A

Figs 10–13

Diagnosis

The male of the new species shares a similar palp conformation with that of Cybaeodamus brescoviti ( Figs 12–13 vs Lise et al. 2009: figs 37–39). Both species share a simple, claw-shaped conductor and a median apophysis roughly axe-shaped differing from all other congeners. However, the palp of C. spinosissimus sp. nov. has a differently shaped median apophysis (MA) ( Figs 12E , 13A–B vs Lise et al. 2009: figs 37, 39). It can further be distinguished by the shape of the modified setae tightly grouped on the venter of the abdomen, which are spine-shaped ( Fig. 10K–L vs curved spatulated setae, see Lise et al. 2009: 266), the fourth coxae with a brush of strong macrosetae ( Fig. 10B, J vs absent) and the promargin of the chelicerae provided with two teeth ( Fig. 10E–F vs absent).

Etymology

The term ‘ spinosissimus ’ is derived from the Latin word ‘ spinosus ’ and means ‘very spiny’. The specific epithet is an adjective and refers to the dense patch of short spine-like setae on the abdomen venter.

Material examined

Holotype BRAZIL • ♂; Piauí, Alvorada do Gurguéia, Fazenda Escola da Universidade Federal do Piauí ; 8°22′28″ S, 43°51′32″ W; 15–17 Feb. 2012; L.S. Carvalho leg.; arbustive Caatinga; DNA voucher specimen: DNA Z266; GenBank accession numbers: KY007993 (COI), KY008100 (H3), KY008219 (Act5C), KY007789 (18S), KY007885 (28S); CHNUFPI 0591 .

Paratypes

BRAZIL – Piauí • 1 ♂; Castelo do Piauí, Fazenda Bonito , ECB Rochas Ornamentais do Brasil LTDA ; 5°13′46.7″ S, 41°41′29.9″ W; 6 Dec. 2005; F.M. Oliveira-Neto leg.; CHNUFPI 2036 • 1 ♂; same data as for preceding; MPEG 7885 • 1 ♂; same data as for preceding; MPEG 35510 .

Other material

BRAZIL – Piauí • 1 ♂; Castelo do Piauí, Fazenda Bonito , ECB Rochas Ornamentais do Brasil LTDA ; 5°13′46.7″ S, 41°41′29.9″ W; 4–11 Dec. 2005; F.M. Oliveira-Neto; MPEG 7886 • 1 ♂; same data as for preceding; MPEG 7887 • 2 ♂♂; same data as for preceding; MPEG 7888 • 1 ♂; same data as for preceding; MPEG 7889 • 1 ♂; same data as for preceding; MPEG 7890 • 1 ♂; same data as for preceding; MPEG 7892 • 1 ♂; same data as for preceding; MPEG 7891 • 1 ♂; Teresina, Universidade Federal do Piauí , Departamento de Biologia ; 5°3′30.4″ S, 42°47′29.63″ W; 10 Jan. 2008; L.S. Carvalho leg.; MPEG 35509 .

Description

Male holotype ( Figs 10–13 )

BODY MEASUREMENTS. Total length 6.58; carapace 3.89 long, 2.63 wide, narrowed to 1.66 in front, 1.24 high.

COLOUR IN ETHANOL ( Fig. 10A–G ). Carapace orange-brown, cephalic groove and lateral margins dark brown, with interrupted stripes converging toward fovea but not reaching it; eyes ringed with black, all dark except PME and ALE provided with half median bright tapetum; chelicerae medium brown, paler ventromedially, labium medium brown, endites orange-brown, distally paler; sternum laterally reddish-brown, paler, orange-brown medially; legs: coxae orange brown, hind ones somewhat darker, femora medium, paler dorsoapically and basoventrally, III further paler basodorsally, remaining segments yellowish-brown, palps medium brown; abdomen dorsum pale cream, medially with mottled dark grey patches and stripes towards spinnerets, anteriorly with inverted V-shaped dark marking; venter pale cream, area posterior to epigastric slit with three longitudinal, blackish bands; spinnerets yellowish brown.

CARAPACE ( Fig. 10A, C, G ). Ovoid, with faint anterior constriction at level of palp trochanter, fovea narrow, longitudinal slit; profile domed, highest point in front of fovea, with slight depression at fovea level; cover of numerous thin silvery setae.

EYES. Accompanied with few long setae ( Fig. 10H ); eye sizes and interdistances: AME: 0.12; ALE: 0.14; PME: 0.12: PLE: 0.18; AME–AME: 0.04; AME–ALE: 0.06; AME–PME: 0.08; AME–PLE: 0.16; ALE–ALE: 0.22; ALE–PLE: 0.05; ALE–PME: 0.22; PME–PME: 0.07; PME–PLE: 0.14. MOQ: frontal width 0.28, posterior width 0.31, length 0.32.

CLYPEUS. 0.23 high, provided with group of long setae ( Fig. 10H ). Chilum single, narrow. Chelicerae ( Fig. 10E–F ) 1.16 long, densely covered with thick setae, being longest apically, promargin with two teeth, retromargin without.

STERNUM ( Fig. 10D ). 1.86 long, 1.44 wide, elongate oval, margins concave at coxa bases, with faint triangular extension fitting coxae I and II, uniformly covered with long- needle-like setae.

LEGS. Covered with scattered fine setae, hind femora with row of long setae ventrolaterally, denser on IV, coxae IV inflated basoretrolaterally, touching each other, with retrolateral longitudinal brush of long, thick macrosetae ( Fig. 10B, J ); leg formula 4123 ( Table 3 ). Leg spination as in Fig. 11.

ABDOMEN ( Fig. 10A–C ). Oval, 2.97 long and 2.23 wide, venter centrally with circular, dense patch of small spine-shaped setae ( Fig. 10C, H ).

PALP ( Figs 12–13 ). Femur 1.52 long; tibia provided ventrally and prolaterally with groups of long setae; RTA stout, divided into two prongs: inferior basoventral one (VP) small, roughly triangular, and distal one wider and lateroapically provided with two extensions, ventral one (VE) straight and slightly notched, dorsal one (DE) blunt, slightly curved; cymbium elongate ovoid, with rounded tip, anterior half dorsally with thick patch of short, light setae, retrobasally with wide flange (RFC), basoprolaterally with stout flange (PFC), with four spines prolaterally and two spines apically; tegulum elongate, with median apophysis (MA) originating retrolaterally, complex axe-shaped, conductor (C) large, claw-shaped, with sharp tip; subtegulum (St) basoprolateral rounded bulge; embolus (E) originating probasally and directed straight forward, with prolateral boss at base, proximally large then tapered and slightly curved toward apex.

Female

Unknown.

Distribution

The species is known only from three localities in the state of Piauí, northeastern Brazil ( Fig. 18 ).

Figures

Fig. 10. Cybaeodamus spinosissimus sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (CHNUFPI 0591). A. Habitus, dorsal view. B. Idem, ventral view. C. Idem, lateral view. D. Sternum, ventral view. E. Left chelicerae, dorsal view. F. Idem, ventral view. G. Carapace, frontal view. H. Eye area, frontal view. I. Idem, dorsal view. J. Abdomen, ventral view. K. Idem, detail on the abdominal patch of spinose setae. L. Idem, detail on the spinose setae. Scale bars: A–C = 2 mm; D, G, J = 1 mm; E–F, H–I, K–L = 0.2 mm.

Fig. 11. Cybaeodamus spinosissimus sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (CHNUFPI 0591), spination. Dark circles represent dorsal and lateral spines, whereas white circles represent ventral spines (as if seen dorsally through transparency).

Fig. 12. Cybaeodamus spinosissimus sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (CHNUFPI 0591), palp. A. Prolateral view. B. Ventral view. C. Retrolateral view. D. Ventral, slightly prolateral view. E. Detail of median apophysis, ventral view. F. Detail of RTA, retrolateral view. Abbreviations: C = conductor; DE = dorsal extension of RTA; E = embolus; MA = median apophysis; PFC = probasal flange of cymbium; RFC = retrobasal flange of cymbium; RTA = palpal retrolateral tibial apophysis; St = subtegulum; VE = ventral extension of RTA; VP = ventral process. Scale bars: A–D = 0.5 mm; E–F = 0.2 mm.

Fig. 13. Cybaeodamus spinosissimus sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (CHNUFPI 0591), palp. A. Prolateral view. B. Ventral view (ventral setae on tibia omitted). Abbreviations: C = conductor; DE = dorsal extension of RTA; E = embolus; MA = median apophysis; PFC = probasal flange of cymbium; RFC = retrobasal flange of cymbium; St = subtegulum; VE = ventral extension of RTA; VP = ventral process. Scale bar = 0.5 mm.

Fig. 18. Distribution map of now records of species of Cybaeodamus Mello-Leitão, 1938, emphasizing the newly described species in red. Cybaeodamus lentiginosus (Simon, 1905) reported from “Puerto Camarones” in Argentina not shown. Photo: C. ampullatus sp. nov. (CHNUFPI 7528).