Cybaeodamus ampullatus, Henrard & Jocqué & Carvalho, 2025

Henrard, Arnaud, Jocqué, Rudy & Carvalho, Leonardo S., 2025, Three new Cybaeodamus Mello-Leitão, 1938 species from Brazil (Araneae, Zodariidae), European Journal of Taxonomy 1004, pp. 92-119 : 97-105

Cybaeodamus ampullatus sp. nov.

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:81FA5592-AC1D-4276-B945-2D349A65FAA6

Figs 1–9

Diagnosis

Males of the new species are similar to those of Cybaeodamus enigmaticus . They differ from other congeners by the retrobasal origin of the embolus base and a similar shape of the tegular apophysis and conductor ( Figs 5D–E , 6A vs Lise et al. 2009: figs 42, 45). However, males of C. ampullatus sp. nov. are distinguished by the shape of the elongate prong of the RTA ( Figs 5B–C , 6B vs different shape and shorter, see Lise et al. 2009: fig. 44), the presence of one tooth on the cheliceral promargin only ( Fig. 3A vs two teeth on promargin and one tooth on the retromargin, Mello-Leitão 1939: 58) and the field of modified, ampullate setae on the abdomen venter ( Fig. 3C–F vs ventral cover with needle-like setae, see Lise et al. 2009: figs 46–47; see also Jocqué 1991: 50). The female is recognized by a bulb-shaped epigynal plate ( Figs 6C , 9A–C ), and the strongly enlarged, overlapping, flatworm-shaped copulatory ducts ( Fig. 9D–F ).

Etymology

In Latin, ‘ ampullatus ’ means ‘flask-shaped’ or ‘ampulla’. The specific epithet is an adjective and refers to the dense patch of ampullate setae on venter of the male’s abdomen.

Material examined

Holotype BRAZIL • ♂; Piauí, Alvorada do Gurguéia, Fazenda Escola da Universidade Federal do Piauí ; 8°22′28″ S, 43°51′32″ W; 15–17 Feb. 2012; L.S. Carvalho leg.; arbustive Caatinga; DNA voucher specimen: DNA Z267; GenBank accession numbers: KY007994 (COI), KY008101 (H3); CHNUFPI 9167 .

Paratypes

BRAZIL • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; same data as for holotype; CHNUFPI 0592 • 1 ♂; same data as for holotype; CHNUFPI 0590 • 2 ♂♂; same locality as for holotype; I.L.F. Magalhães et al.; IBSP 221107 • 1 ♂; same data as for holotype; IBSP 221108 • 1 ♂; Coronel José Dias, Parque Nacional da Serra da Capivara , near Boqueirão do Ferreira ; 8°44′51.2″ S, 42°29′13.1″ W; 584 m a.s.l.; 9 Dec. 2019; L.S. Carvalho et al. leg.; CHNUFPI 7528 .

Other material

BRAZIL – Ceará • 1 ♀; Crato, Floresta Nacional de Araripe , Picoto trail ; 7°20′42.8″ S, 39°25′5.2″ W; 6 Feb. 2011; A.S. Lopes leg.; Cerradão; CHNUFPI 2460 . – Pernambuco • 1 ♂; Itacuruba, near Riacho Itacuruba ; 8°47′14.8″ S, 38°41′53.7″ W; 309 m a.s.l.; 2014; S.C. Sousa leg.; CHNUFPI 2462 . – Piauí • 3 ♂♂, 4 ♀♀; Guaribas, Parque Nacional da Serra das Confusões ; 9°13′32.4″ S, 43°27′46.9″ W; 721 m a.s.l.; 9–15 Dec. 2010; L.S. Carvalho et al. leg.; CHNUFPI 2463 • 1 ♂; same data as for preceding; CHNUFPI 2464 • 1 ♂; same data as for preceding; CHNUFPI 2466 • 1 ♂; same data as for preceding; CHNUFPI 2467 • 1 ♂; same data as for preceding; F.S. Silva leg.; CHNUFPI 2465 • 1 ♀; same data for preceding; L.S. Carvalho leg.; MPEG 35508 • 1 ♀; same data as for preceding; MPEG 35511 • 2 ♂♂; same data as for preceding; UFMG 23389 .

Description

Male holotype ( Figs 1–5 , 6A–B ; except as otherwise indicated)

BODY MEASUREMENTS. Total length 8.78; carapace 4.72 long, 3.01 wide, narrowed to 2.05 in front, 1.50 high.

COLOUR IN ETHANOL ( Figs 1A–E , 3A–B ). Carapace orange-brown with two large, longitudinal brown bands, darker anteriorly, anterior half medially with narrow brown band reaching eyes and interrupted before reaching brown fovea, lateral margins with narrow dark brown band; eyes ringed with black, all dark except PME provided with half median bright tapetum; chelicerae brown, paler ventromedially, labium orange-brow, endites yellow-brown, distally paler; sternum orange-brown, paler towards centre; legs and palps pale orange-yellow, with femora darker, medium brown; abdomen dorsum dark grey mottled with tiny pale cream dots, with white inverted V-shaped mark anteriorly and few faint chevrons in posterior half, venter pale cream, area posterior to epigastric slit with three longitudinal, blackish bands; spinnerets yellow.

COLOUR WHEN DRIED ( Figs 1F–J , 3D–G ; paratypes CHNUFPI 0590, 0592). Much more contrasted, carapace area reddish-brown with band pattern black; chelicerae and labium black, endites reddish-brown; sternum dark reddish-brown; legs and palps reddish-brown, with femora black; abdomen as preceding; spinnerets orange-brown. Remark: the coloration of dry specimens appears to closely resemble the natural coloration of live specimens (see Fig. 2 , male paratype CHNUFPI 7528).

CARAPACE ( Fig. 1A, D ; paratype CHNUFPI 0590, Fig. 1F, H ). Oval, with anterior constriction at palp trochanter level, cephalic portion slightly elongate, fovea as a narrow longitudinal slit; profile slightly doomed, highest point in front of fovea, with slight depression at level of fovea; cover of numerous thin silvery setae.

EYE SIZES AND INTERDISTANCES. AME: 0.19; ALE: 0.17; PME: 0.15: PLE: 0.18; AME–AME: 0.05; AME– ALE: 0.03; AME–PME: 0.14; AME–PLE: 0.21; ALE–ALE: 0.44; ALE–PLE: 0.10; ALE–PME: 0.28; PME–PME: 0.09; PME–PLE: 0.21. MOQ: frontal width 0.43, posterior width 0.39, length 0.48.

CLYPEUS. 0.56 high, provided with group of thick setae ( Fig. 1E ; paratype CHNUFPI 0590, Fig. 1I ). Chilum single, narrow. Chelicerae 1.49 long, densely covered with thick setae, promargin with one tooth, retromargin without ( Fig. 3A ).

STERNUM ( Fig. 1C ). Elongate oval, 1.28 long, 0.92 wide, with slightly sinuous margins, uniformly covered with fine setae.

LEGS. Densely covered with fine setae; leg formula 4132 ( Table 1 ). Leg spination as in Fig. 3.

ABDOMEN ( Figs 1A–B , 3B ; paratypes CHNUFPI 0590, 0592, Figs 1F–G , 3D–E ). Oval, 4.04 long and 2.54 wide, covered with numerous short, black setae, posterior half of venter medially with large dense patch of small ampullate setae ( Fig. 3C ; paratype CHNUFPI 0590, Fig. 3F ); spinnerets with narrow subdistal ring ( Fig. 3B ; paratype CHNUFPI 0590, Fig. 3G ).

PALP ( Figs 5–6 ). Femur 1.65 long; tibia provided prolaterally with group of long curved setae; RTA long, slightly curved, with distal tip notched and subdistally with small ventral groove, base large and provided with ventral process (VP) accommodating retrobasal fledge (RFC) of cymbium; cymbium ovoid with pointed tip, anterior half dorsally with thick patch of short, light setae, retrobasally with thin fledge, with four spines prolaterally, two spines retrolaterally and with two dorsal spines subapically; tegulum with median apophysis (MA) originating centrally, roughly transverse, directed obliquely retrolaterad, narrow basally, inflated medially and tapered dorsoanteriorly, conductor complex, with three process: one anterior, long, sharp, slightly curved prong (CAP) with ventral groove accommodating embolus, its dorsal margin slightly serrated, one median, small crest-like process (CMP), and one posterior, transverse, tongue-shaped process (CPP) partially hidden by MA; subtegulum (St) large, rounded, centrobasal, partly hidden under tegulum; embolus (E) whip like, with basal membranous process (EBP), originating retrobasally and turning around prolaterally.

Female paratype (CHNUFPI 0592; Figs 7–9 ; as in male except as noted)

BODY MEASUREMENTS. Total length 9.42; carapace 4.48 long, 2.40 wide, narrowed to 1.96 in front, 1.88 high.

COLOUR IN ETHANOL ( Fig. 7A ). Carapace area brown with only two large, longitudinal dark brown bands; fovea faintly marked; abdomen dorsum grey with faint white inverted V-shaped mark anteriorly, venter uniformly pale grey; spinnerets yellowish-brown.

COLOUR WHEN DRIED ( Fig. 7B–D ). Similar as previous except abdomen entirely pale cream.

CARAPACE ( Fig. 7 ). Elongate, oblong; profile doomed in cephalic area and sloping forward posteriorly.

EYE ( Fig. 7E ). Sizes and interdistances:AME: 0.16;ALE: 0.14; PME: 0.13: PLE: 0.15;AME–AME: 0.07; AME–ALE: 0.06; AME–PME: 0.14; AME–PLE: 0.20; ALE–ALE: 0.40; ALE–PLE: 0.13; ALE–PME: 0.28; PME–PME: 0.08; PME–PLE: 0.18. MOQ: frontal width 0.39, posterior width 0.34, length 0.43.

STERNUM ( Fig. 7C ). 1.84 long and 1.49 wide, oval.

LEGS. Densely covered with fine setae; leg formula 4123 ( Table 2 ). Leg spination as in Fig. 8.

ABDOMEN ( Fig. 7A–D ). Oval,4.62 long,3.00 wide, venter with two faintly sclerotized patch anterolaterally corresponding to book lung covers.

EPIGYNE ( Fig. 9A–C ). Epigynal plate narrowed basally, enlarged anteriorly, bulb-shaped, overlooked by large anterolateral arches, connected medially; copulatory openings (CO) large oval, situated mediolaterally; vulva ( Fig. 9D–F ) with large, flattened, flatworm-shaped copulatory duct (CD), with one coil; spermathecae (S) rounded oval; fertilisation ducts (FD) flat, curved upward.

Variation

Males (n = 2), body measurements: total length 7.52–8.20; carapace length 4.22–4.58, width 2.40–2.87, narrowed to 1.87–1.98 in front, height 1.42–1.49; abdomen length 3.34–3.54, width 2.37–2.51; sternum length 1.84–2.05, width 1.49–1.54.

Distribution

The species is known only from Ceará, Piauí and Pernambuco states, in northeastern Brazil ( Fig. 18 ).

Figures

Fig. 1. Cybaeodamus ampullatus sp. nov. A–E. Holotype, ♂ (CHNUFPI 9167). F–J. Paratype, ♂ (CHNUFPI 0590). A, F. Habitus, dorsal view. B, G. Idem, ventral view. C. Sternum, ventral view. D, H. Habitus, lateral view. E, I. Eye area, antero-dorsal view. J. Idem, dorsal view. Scale bars: A–B, D, F–H = 2 mm; C = 1 mm; E, I–J = 0.5 mm.

Fig. 2. Cybaeodamus ampullatus sp. nov., paratype, ♂ (CHNUFPI 7528), habitus in life. A. Dorsal view. B. Frontal view.

Fig. 3. Cybaeodamus ampullatus sp. nov. A–C. Holotype, ♂ (CHNUFPI 9167). D, F–G. Paratype, ♂ (CHNUFPI 0590). E. Paratype, ♂ (CHNUFPI 0592). A. Chelicerae, ventral view. B, D. Abdomen, ventral view. C, F. Idem, detail on field of ampullate spines. E. Epiandrum, ventral view. G. Spinnerets, ventral view. Scale bars: A, E = 0.5 mm; B, D = 1 mm; C, F–G = 0.2 mm.

Fig. 4. Cybaeodamus ampullatus sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (CHNUFPI 9167), spination. Dark circles represent dorsal and lateral spines, whereas white circles represent ventral spines (as if seen dorsally through transparency).

Fig. 5. Cybaeodamus ampullatus sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (CHNUFPI 9167), right palp (mirrored views). A. Prolateral view. B. Retrolateral view. C. Idem, slightly dorsal view. D. Ventral view. E. Idem, slightly posterior view. Abbreviations: CAP = conductor anterior prong; CMP = conductor median process; CPP = conductor posterior prong; E = embolus; EBP = embolus basal process; MA = median apophysis; RFC = retrobasal flange of cymbium; RTA = palpal retrolateral tibial apophysis; St = subtegulum; VP = tibial ventral process. Scale bars = 0.5 mm.

Fig. 6. Cybaeodamus ampullatus sp. nov., genitalia drawings. A–B. Holotype, ♂ (CHNUFPI 9167). A. Right palp, ventral view (mirrored). B. Idem, retrolateral view (mirrored). C. Paratype, ♀ (CHNUFPI 0592), epigyne, ventral view. Abbreviations: A = anterior arches of epigyne; CAP = conductor anterior prong; CMP = conductor median process; CO = copulatory opening; CPP = conductor posterior prong; E = embolus; EBP = embolus basal process; MA = median apophysis; RFC = retrobasal flange of cymbium; RTA = palpal retrolateral tibial apophysis; St = subtegulum; VP = tibial ventral process. Scale bars = 0.5 mm.

Fig. 7. Cybaeodamus ampullatus sp. nov., paratype, ♀ (CHNUFPI 0592). A. Habitus in alcohol, dorsal view. B. Idem, dried. C. Idem, ventral view. D. Idem, lateral view. E. Eye area, frontal view. Scale bars: A–D = 2 mm; E = 0.5 mm.

Fig. 8. Cybaeodamus ampullatus sp. nov., paratype, ♀ (CHNUFPI 0592), spination. Dark circles represent dorsal and lateral spines, whereas white circles represent ventral spines (as if seen dorsally through transparency).

Fig. 9. Cybaeodamus ampullatus sp. nov., paratype, ♀ (CHNUFPI 0592), genitalia. A. Epigyne, specimen dry, ventral view. B. Idem, in alcohol. C. Epigyne cleared, ventral view. D. Idem, endogyne, dorsal view. E. Idem, dorso-lateral view. F. Idem, dorso-anterior view. Abbreviations: A = anterior arches of epigyne; CD = copulatory duct; CO = copulatory opening; F = fertilisation duct; S = spermathecae. Scale bars = 0.2 mm.

Fig. 18. Distribution map of now records of species of Cybaeodamus Mello-Leitão, 1938, emphasizing the newly described species in red. Cybaeodamus lentiginosus (Simon, 1905) reported from “Puerto Camarones” in Argentina not shown. Photo: C. ampullatus sp. nov. (CHNUFPI 7528).