Lingula Bruguière, 1791

Dulai, A., 2013, Sporadic Miocene brachiopods in the Naturalis Biodiversity Center (Leiden, the Netherlands): Records from the Mediterranean, the North Sea, and the Atlantic Ocean, Fragmenta Palaeontologica Hungarica 30, pp. 15-51 : 24

Genus Lingula Bruguière, 1791

Type species – Lingula anatina Lamarck, 1801 .

Lingula ? sp.

Material – Cacela Velha (9 fragments).

Notes – Two genera of lingulides are known in the European Neogene. In the Mediterranean area DREGER (1911) described Lingula cf. dregeri from Sardinia, and recently BERTOLASO et al. (2007 –2009) mentioned Lingula sp. from the Messinian of Emilia ( Italy). Several records of Lingula dregeri were published from the Middle Miocene of the Central Paratethys (e.g. BARCZYK & POPIEL-BARCZYK 1977; EMIG & BITNER 2005; BITNER et al. 2012). The same species was recently also identified from the Miocene of the Atlantic Ocean in France ( EMIG et al. 2007). In the north-western European areas (North Sea Basin) Glottidia dumortieri is a common lingulide ( CHUANG 1964; this paper).

The Cacela Velha specimens are fragmentary and do not show specific characters. Therefore, it is impossible to decide whether they belong to Lingula or Glottidia . Lingula with question mark is used to indicate these specimens, because Lingula was mentioned from the Miocene of the European Atlantic areas ( EMIG et al. 2007).

Geochemical composition of Portuguese lingulides was discussed by KOCSIS et al. (2012). The Late Miocene brachiopod from southern Portugal yielded a Ε Nd value that is similar to the Mediterranean at the time reflecting the influence of the Mediterranean outflow on the Atlantic. The high δ 18 O PO 4 from this sample shows either a deep water habitat for the lingulide or formation of the shells after the onset of major global cooling that resulted in an increased δ 18 O value of seawater ( KOCSIS et al. 2012).