Zornia latifolia Sm., A.Rees, Cycl.

Zeferino, Laís Couto, Lewis, Gwilym Peter, Pezzini, Flávia Fonseca & Fortuna-Perez, Ana Paula, 2025, A taxonomic synopsis of the genus Zornia J. F. Gmel. (Leguminosae: Papilionoideae) for the Neotropics, Acta Botanica Brasilica (e 20240197) 39, pp. 1-37 : 22

Zornia latifolia Sm., A.Rees, Cycl. 39: 4. 1818. non Zornia latifolia DC., Prodr. (DC.) 2: 317. 1825.

Figs S5 , 9C

Type: FRENCH GUIANA. Cayenne: s.loc., s.d., Aublet s.n. (holotype P–00631807 !) .

Zornia gemella Willd. ex Vogel, Linnaea 12: 61. 1838, syn. Nov. Hedysarum gemellum Willd. ex Vogel , nom. nud. Type: BRAZIL. ‘‘ Habitat in Brasilia’ ’, s.d., Sched.Willdenow Herb. 13778-01 0 (holotype B–W).

Zornia gracilis DC., Prodr. (DC.) 2: 316. 1825, non Zornia gracilis Harms, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 42(2–3): 212. 1908. Zornia diphylla var. gracilis (DC.) Benth., Fl. Bras. (Martius) 15(1): 83. 1859. Type: GUYANA. s.loc., 1821, Perrottet 18 (holotype G).

Zornia diphylla (L.) Pers. var. bernardinensis Chodat & Hassl., Bull. Herb. Boissier, ser. 2, 4: 888. 1904 . Zornia latifolia Sm. var. bernardinensis (Chodat & Hassl.) Mohlenbr., Webbia 16(1): 128. 1961. Type: PARAGUAY. “ Paraguay in campo San Bernardino”, s.d., Hassler 3502 [lectotype G–00400373! Designated by Fortuna-Perez and De Azevedo (2011); isolectotypes BM–000081074!, W].

Zornia maranhamensis G.Don, Gen. Hist. 2: 280. 1832. Type: BRAZIL. Maranhão: s.loc., s.d., G. Don s.n. (holotype BR). Zornia surinamensis Miq., Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 11: 14. 1843.

Type: SURINAME. ‘‘ Surinam , locis elevatioribus’’, s. coll. (holotype BR).

Shrub to ca. 80 cm tall. Stems erect, branched, glabrous. Leaves with 2 leaflets, petiolate. Leaflets 15–55 × 4–17 mm, elliptic to lanceolate, glabrous. Stipules lanceolate, 3–5 veined. Inflorescences spiciform, axillary, 40 cm long. Bracteoles 5–12 × 2–4 mm, linear, 3–6 veined, punctate, glabrous, green. Loment with 4–8 articles; articles 2–3 × 2–2.5 mm, reticulate-veined, bristle-like trichomes 2 mm long.

Distribution and habitat: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Ecuador, Florida, French Guiana, Guyana, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Paraguay, Peru, Puerto Rico, Suriname, USA (Texas), Uruguay, Venezuela, Windward Islands. It occurs in Savanna, Tropical Dry Forest, Tropical Moist Forest, and Montane Grassland.

Conservation Status: Least Concern (LC). Zornia latifolia is widely distributed in open grasslands across South and Central America. According to Mohlenbrock (1961), it is also becoming weedy in Africa (EOO= 28,115,263.359 km ²; AOO=3,940.000 km²).

Notes: Zornia latifolia is commonly known as “arrozinho– do–campo”. It is distinguished by its characteristic linear (3–6 veined) and glabrous bracteoles.

Representative specimen examined: ARGENTINA. Corrientes: Dep. Mercedes , 21 February 1984, S.G.Tressens et al. 2317 (K). BOLIVIA. Velasco: Santa Cruz, 27 June 1991, M. Nee 41482 (NY). BRAZIL. Acre: Cruzeiro do Sul , 27 September 1987, M.C. Ferreira & A.P. Araújo 21 (RB); Amazonas: São Lourenço , 27 November 1968, G.T.Prance et al.8917 (P); Bahia: Belmonte , 24 March 1974, R.M. Harley et al.17329ª (P); Ceará: Fr.Allemão & M. de Cysneiros 465 (P); Espírito Santo: Alegre , 30 August 1987, L. Coradin 8366 (UEC); Goiás: Araguaina , Rio das Lontras, 12 March 1968, H.S. Irwin et al.21057 (NY); Maranhão: Açailândia , 04 July 1987, L. Coradin 7984 (UEC); Mato Grosso: Xavantina , 5 April 1968, D. Philcox & B.Freeman 4735 (P); Minas Gerais: Parque Estadual da Serra do Cabral , 05 November 2022, L.C. Zeferino et al. 142 (BOTU); Mato Grosso do Sul: Rio Verde do MS, 11 April 2001, R.S.Rodrigues et al.1120 (UEC); Pará: Almeirim, 1 August 1985, M.J.P.Pires et al.524 (NY); Paraíba: Conde, 20 July 1980, L. Coradin 3152 (UEC); Paraná: Sete quedas, 11 December 1965, G. Hatschbach et al.13347 (P); Pernambuco: Arcoverde, 21 October 1980, L. Coradin et al. 2476 (UEC); Piauí: Piracuruca, 4 April 2002, A.S. Flores et al.924 (UEC); Rio de Janeiro : Rio de Janeiro , 1843, M.Weddel 492 (P); Rio Grande do Norte : Pirangi do Sul , 8 September 1953, S.Tavares 314 (NY); Rio Grande do Sul : s.loc., 1816–21, A. Saint –Hilaire 2625B (P); Rondônia: Abunã, 18 November 1968, G.T. Prance et al. 8608 (M); Roraima: Boa Vista, 24 November 1981, L. Coradin 4922 (UEC); São Paulo: Campinas, 25 March 2004, A.P.Fortuna-Perez 66 (UEC); Sergipe: Rio Tocantis , 8 September 1844, M. Weddell 2416 (P). BOLIVIA. Santa Cruz: Chiquitos, 27 December 1999, J.R.I. Wood & D.J. Goyder 15658 (K). COLOMBIA. Del Tolima: s.loc., 28 October 1952, H. Humbert et al.26961 (P). ECUADOR. Las Chinchas: Prov. Loja, 12 April 1944, M. Acosta Solís 7810 (F). GUYANA. Barima– Waina Region : 11 August 1986, J.J. Pipoly & H. Lall 8408 (P). FRENCH GUIANA. Acarocany: 1858, Sagoti 128 (P). MEXICO. Prov. Huasteca: Watenberg, near Tantyuca, 1858, L.C. Ervendberg 12 (G). PARAGUAY. Dep. Paraguarí: s.loc., 15 November 1978, M.M. Arbo et al.1788 (MEXU). PERU. Calca: Cusco, La Quebrada, 22 October 1985, L.v.d. Hoogte & C. Roersch 1825 (F). SURINAME. Hostmann 1072 (P). URUGUAY. Dep. Artigas: s.loc., 28 December 1929, Herter 19 (Z). VENEZUELA. Esdo. Monagas: El Tejero, 9 October 1963, H.S. McKee 10789 (P).

Figures

Figure 5. Zornia brasiliensis A. Inflorescence spiciform B. Shrub habit C. Flower detail; Zornia bracteata D.Detail of ovate bracteole, loment with 2–6 articles, and presence of bristle-like trichomes E. Leaves with 4 leaflets F. Flower. (Photos A, B, C: R.T. Queiroz; D, E, F: N. Frade).

Figure 9. Zornia species. A. Z.harmsiana B. Z. reticulata C. Z. latifolia D. Z. hebecarpa E. Z. virgata F. Z.multinervosa (Photos A, B, D, E: R.T. Queiroz; C, F: T.C. Monteiro).