Poecilimon (Poecilimon) denizliensis, Kaya, 2018

Uluar, Onur, Chobanov, Dragan P. & Çıplak, Battal, 2025, Merging taxonomy to systematics: A holistic approach to understanding the Poecilimon zonatus group (Orthoptera, Phaneropterinae), Arthropod Systematics & Phylogeny 83, pp. 93-125 : 93-125

3.8. Poecilimon (Poecilimon) denizliensis https://orthoptera.speciesfile.org/otus/847297/overview Kaya, 2018 stat. nov.

Poecilimon ciplaki denizliensis Kaya, 2018: 93 .

Remarks.

Kaya (2018) described P. ciplaki as a new species, including two new subspecies, P. ciplaki ciplaki and P. ciplaki denizliensis . Although sequences from their type locality occurred within Clade IIA together with other sequences from Southwest Anatolia, Clade IIA was suggested as 3 to 6 distinct species by delimitation tests. Considering the new taxonomical composition suggested by species delimitation tests, and genetic and phenotypic differences between these phylogenetic units, P. ciplaki denizliensis Kaya, 2018 was elevated to species level as P. denizliensis stat. nov., leaving P. ciplaki as a monotypic species. The population from Honaz Mt., Denizli, was reported as the only type locality of this species in the original description by Kaya (2018). The sequence from Ziyarettepe belongs to Kızıldağ Mts. in the northwest corner of Antalya and constitutes a sister branch to those from the type locality of P. denizliensis . These two populations were suggested as species by bPTP while each as a separate distinct species by ASAP and GMYC, both sharing the last common ancestor 0.73 myr ago, just at the end of the Mid Pleistocene Transition. Considering differences between these two populations in male cercus (compare D and E in Fig. 5 ), absence of shared haplotypes and unique mutations per ancestral node of each, we proposed each as a separate subspecies – the nominate subspecies P. denizliensis denizliensis Kaya (see population 4 in Table 1 ) and the new subspecies Poecilimon denizliensis kizildagi Uluar, Chobanov & Çıplak , subsp. nov. (see population 5 in Table 1 ). The mutations at ancestral node of the species and each of the subspecies, detected in the concatenated matrix of COI + ND 2 + VAL by applying a PAUP analysis (File S 1), are also proposed as further diagnostic characters for ach taxon: the positions 105 (C → T), 240 (A → T), 400 (T → C), 522 (A → G), 2409 (A → G), 2497 (A → T) are unique to P. denizliensis clade including both subspecies; 1208 (A → C, 1317 (G → A), 2044 (T → C) and 2113 (C → G) to P. denizliensis denizliensis , and 75 (T → C), 579 (A → C), 2147 (T → C) and 3027 (T → C) to P. denizliensis kizildagi subsp. nov.

Kaya (2018) provided rich illustrative material describing the morphology of this species (see E in Figs 5 , 6 , 9 – 12 in Kaya 2018), but provided no data for the song. The male song consists of one type of syllable. After-clicks were not observed. The syllable lasts 10–14 ms (average of 12 ms) and contains 15–18 impulses (average of 17). It starts with dense crescending impulses, which are followed by a few high-amplitude sparse impulses. The male song of P. denizliensis denizliensis is exemplified in Figure 7 and song measurements are provided in Table 3 . The song resembles that of P. boncukdagensis to a great extent and based on this character it may be difficult to differentiate both taxa. From our recordings the song of P. denizliensis has a higher repetition rate and a syllable with higher number of impulses within the first crescending part (compare Figs 7 and 10 , and Table 3 ). Yet, the latter characters may be due to individual characteristics and could be masked if more data is used.

Material examined.

See populations 4 and 5 in Table 1 .

Figures

Figure 5. Male cercus. A 1 P. varicornis redrawn from Sevgili et. al. 2018; A 2 P. varicornis from OSF 2 (Cigliano et. al. 2024); B P. azizsancar; C P. tauricola; D P. denizliensis denizliensis subsp. nov.; E P. denizliensis kizildagi subsp. nov.; F P. boncukdagensis sp. nov.; G P. ciplaki; H P. datca datca; I P. datca montana subsp. nov.; J P. vodnensis; K P. variicercis; L P. zonatus; M P. parazonatus sp. nov.; N P. isozonatus; O P. anisozonatus sp. nov. Terminology used in the key implemented in the Figures A and B.

Figure 6. Male subgenital plate. A P. varicornis redrawn from Sevgili et. al. (2018); B P. azizsancar; C P. tauricola; D P. denizliensis denizliensis subsp. nov.; E P. denizliensis kizildagi subsp. nov.; F P. boncukdagensis sp. nov.; G P. ciplaki; H P. datca datca; I P. datca montana subsp. nov.; J P. vodnensis; K P. variicercis; L P. zonatus; M P. parazonatus sp. nov.; N P. isozonatus; O P. anisozonatus sp. nov. . Terminology used in the key implemented in Figure O.

Figure 7. Oscillographic representation of the male song of P. denizliensis stat. nov. – male from Honaz, 1972 m. Song shown at different speeds. A A frame of 1 min, recording at 27.1 ° C; B single syllable (frame of 100 ms; 27.1 ° C); C single syllable (frame of 100 ms; 26.7 ° C).

Figure 9. Oscillographic representation of the male song of P. boncukdagensis sp. nov. – male from Tuzlabeli Pass, 1401 m. Song shown at different speeds. A A frame of 1 min, recording at 23.6 ° C; B single syllable (frame of 100 ms; 27.1 ° C); C single syllable (frame of 100 ms; 26.7 ° C).

Figure 10. Oscillographic representation of the male song of P. ciplaki – male from Muğla, Fethiye, Dalaman. Song shown at different speeds. A A frame of 1 min, recording at 23.6 ° C; B single syllable (frame of 100 ms; 22.9 ° C); C single syllable (frame of 100 ms; 26.7 ° C).

Figure 12. Diagnostic structures in male and female of P. parazonatus sp. nov. The upper panel shows female structures (A pronotum from above, B pronotum from lateral view, C ovipositor from lateral view, D subgenital plate, and E epiproct and cercus), and the lower panel shows male structures (F pronotum from above, G pronotum from lateral view, H coloration of 2. and 3. abdominal terga, I abdominal terminalia from above, J subgenital plate, and K cercus)