Campylosiphon Benth.
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publication ID |
https://doi.org/10.1600/036364423X16936046516345 |
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persistent identifier |
https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5C6887BD-FFE0-FFF4-FCD1-F8B00D5CF9B3 |
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treatment provided by |
Felipe |
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scientific name |
Campylosiphon Benth. |
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Campylosiphon Benth. View in CoL (1882, in: Hooker’ s Icon. Pl. ser 3. 14 (4), p. 65, pl. 1384.) TYPE: Campylosiphon purpurascens Benth. (1882, in: Hooker’ s Icon. Pl. ser 3, 14 (4), p. 65, pl. 1384).
Campylosiphon differs from Burmannia based on five morphological characters: 1) rhizome tuberous, 2) roots robustly
fibrous, 3) perianth tube wingless, 4) capsule fruits longitudinally or irregularly dehiscent, and 5) seed epidermal cells irregularly arranged.
Fully mycoheterotrophic herbs; rhizome slightly tuberous, upper part with scale-like leaves; fibrous root robust; stem erect, without basal rosulate leaves, basal part often covered with scale-like leaves; leaves reduced to scale-like, alternately arranged on the stem; inflorescence terminal, simple, bifurcate cincinnus, or capitate; bract and bracteole are more or less similar to the leaves arranged on stem; flowers with distinct pedicel or sessile; perianth tube wingless with three distinct ribs from the outer whorls of perianth lobes to the base of ovary or the middle of pedicel, and three costate or unapparent ribs from the base of inner whorls of perianth lobes to the base of perianth tube or extending to the pedicel; perianth lobes six, two whorls, marginal part of outer lobes often involute, inner ones revolute; stamens three, with prominent or extremely short filaments, inserted below the inner perianth lobes, connective with two apical, lateral appendages and one apical point in the center; style three-branched at the apex, each branch with an infundibular stigma; placentation axile, middle part of ovary often with three-celled, young ovary or both ends of ovary one-celled with three parietal placentas; capsule longitudinally dehiscent or irregularly dehiscent by withering of the membranous wall between the ribs; seeds numerous, seed coats with epidermal cells irregularly arranged.
Distribution and Habitat —Mainly distributed in pantropical regions and also extends to subtropics. Five species in total, including two species in Asia, two species in Africa, and one species restricted to South America.
Notes —St.-Lag substituted Campylosiphon lycioideus (in: Ann. Soc. Bot. Lyon 7, 1880, p. 135) for Siphocampylus lycioides (Cham.) G.Don (1834, in: Gen. Hist. 3, p. 703) in Campanulaceae . The name Campylosiphon lycioideus St.-Lag. is thus excluded from this revision.
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