Neoconocephalus guyvalerioi Piza, 1972

Antunes, André Fonseca, Souza-Dias, Pedro G. B. & Takiya, Daniela Maeda, 2025, Comments on Neoconocephalus Karny, 1907 (Orthoptera, Tettigoniidae, Conocephalinae) species described by Salvador de Toledo Piza Jr.: The first contribution to the knowledge of South American species, Zootaxa 5584 (3), pp. 363-393 : 377-379

Neoconocephalus guyvalerioi Piza, 1972

( Figs. 8 , 9 , 17 , 18E –F)

Neoconocephalus guyvalerioi Piza, 1972 . Piza Jr. (1972): 69 [Description]; Paschoal & Barros (1977): 241 [Catalog]; Chamorro-Rengifo & Braun (2010): 43 [Catalog].

Neoconocephalus precarius Piza, 1975 . Piza Jr. (1975): 354 [Description]; Chamorro-Rengifo & Braun (2010): 43 [Catalog]. syn. nov. ( Fig. 8A–I )

Homorocoryphus matogrossensis Piza, 1983 . Piza Jr. (1983): 109 [Description]; Otte (1997): 68 [Catalog, transferred to Ruspolia Schulthess, 1898 ]; Chamorro-Rengifo & Braun (2010): 43 [Catalog, transferred to Neoconocephalus Karny, 1907 ]. syn. nov. ( Fig. 9 )

Type locality. Ilhéus , Bahia, Brazil .

Diagnosis. Head conical in frontal view ( Figs. 8E, N , 9E ); fastigium of vertex trapezoidal in frontal view, with truncate apex, two and half times longer than scapus length, base three times wider than scapus width ( Figs. 8E, N , 9E ); lateral lobe of pronotum anterior margin without evident separation from lower margin ( Figs. 8C, L , 9C ); tegmen elongated and narrow, with basal and apical regions equally wide ( Figs. 8B, K , 9B ); and ovipositor not extending beyond tegmen apex ( Figs. 8K , 9B ).

Redescription. Head: Conical in frontal view ( Figs. 8E, N , 9E ); fastigium of vertex trapezoidal in frontal view, two and half times longer than scapus length, base three times wider than scapus width, tooth weakly projected at basal portion of fastigium ( Figs. 8C, D, E, L, M, N , 9C, D, E ); fastigium of frons little projected, rounded ( Figs. 8E, N , 9E ). Thorax: Pronotum anterior margin almost straight and posterior margin almost convex ( Figs. 8A, C, M , 9A, C ); lateral lobe slightly longer than wide, anterior margin of lateral lobe weakly rounded, without evident separation from the lower margin, margin of humeral sinus very rounded, invagination of humeral sinus weakly V-shaped ( Figs. 8C, L , 9C ). Wings: Tegmen with basal and apical region equally wide ( Fig. 8B, K , 9B ). Legs: Foreleg femur with two ventral inner spines inner, genicular lobe triangular and little developed, tympanum with three distinct regions: proximal one circular and closed, median one with a pair of open longitudinal slits, and apical one with open small slit, tibia with six pairs of ventral spines; midleg genicular lobe little developed with inner side with acute apex and outer side with rounded apex, tibia with seven pairs of ventral spines; hindleg femur ventrally with eight inner spines and seven outer spines, tibia dorsally with 29 inner spines and 26 outer spines, ventrally with approximately nine pairs of alternating ventral spines. Color : Holotype mostly light green, additional type specimens (holotype of N. precarius and holotype of N. matogrossensis ) brown, additional and living specimens green to brown ( Fig. 18E–F ); black on ventral surface of tarsi, tegmen with black spots absent or present.

Description of male. Tegmen: Stridulatory area with two distinct slightly elevated transverse regions, anterior one long and posterior one short ( Fig. 8F ). Cercus : Dorsal lobe with spine measuring one third of lobe, ventral lobe two times longer than dorsal lobe ( Fig. 8G, H ).

Description of female. Female abdomen: Subgenital plate posterior margin weakly reaching tegmen apex ( Figs. 8K , 9B ).

Measurements: Female holotype: BdL 33.2(35.0); FL 2.2; PdL 8.5(8.0); TegL 53.4(52.0); FlegL 7.1; HlegL 26.3(26.0); OvL 29.1(29.0). Female (n=11): BdL 28.1–32.7; FL 2.0–2.3; TegL 48.3–53.1; FlegL 6.7–7.1; HlegL 25.7–27.1; OvL 26.1–28.4. Males (n=7): BdL 29.8–33.0; FL 1.6–1.9; PdL 7.4–7.7; TegL 36.8–43.7; FlegL 5.9–6.4; HlegL 21.3–22.8.

Distribution. Brazil: Bahia, Espírito Santo [new record], Mato Grosso [new record], Minas Gerais [new record], Piaui [new record], and Rio de Janeiro [new record] states.

Taxonomic notes. This species is most similar with N. globiceps ( Karny, 1907) and N. longifossor ( Bruner, 1915) . However, N. guyvalerioi can be distinguished from N. globiceps by the presence of a space between fastigium of vertex and fastigium of frons ( Figs. 8C, L , 9C ) and lateral lobe humeral sinus weakly V-shaped ( Figs. 8C, L , 9C ) (space absent between fastigium of vertex and fastigium of frons and lateral lobe humeral sinus deeply concave in N. globiceps ) and from N. longifossor by the humeral sinus somewhat V-shaped ( Fig. 8C, L , 9C ) (weakly concave in N. longifossor ).

Based on the male holotype of N. precarius syn. nov. and the female holotype N. matogrossensis syn. nov. is herein considered conspecific to N. guyvalerioi . The female holotype of N. matogrossensis syn. nov. shares with the female holotype of N. guyvalerioi : the size of fastigium of vertex base width and fastigium of vertex length ( Figs. 8E, N , 9E ); fastigium of frons little projected, rounded ( Figs. 8E, N , 9E ); pronotum lateral lobe slightly longer than wide ( Figs. 8C, L , 9C ); wings with basal and apical region equally wide ( Figs. 8B, K , 9B ); and subgenital plate posterior margin weakly concave with a pair of small triangular projections ( Figs. 8O , 9F ). Coloration is the only characteristic that varies between female holotypes studied, but it is considered to be variable intraspecifically in Neoconocephalus species. The male holotype of N. precarius syn. nov. also shares the same similarities cited above, except for incomparable terminalia characters. However, additional males collected near the type locality of N. guyvalerioi are identical in terminalia characters to the holotype of N. precarius syn. nov.

Type material. Neoconocephalus guyvalerioi : female holotype “ Ilheus, Bahia; cepec” [ MELQ]. Neoconocephalus matogrossensis syn. nov.: female holotype “ Barra do Tapirapé ; MT — Brasil; 2–16. I.1966; Malkin leg” [ MELQ]. Neoconocephalus precarius syn. nov.: male holotype “105; Januaria (M.G); 26/1/1970)” [ MELQ] .

Additional material. Females: Three females “Brasil, BA, Camacan, BA662, Prox. ao Rio Panelão ; 05.IV.2023; Antunes, A.F. & Guimarães, D.L.P. legs” [ DZRJ ORT1402 , DZRJ ORT1405 and DZRJ ORT1407 ]. One female “ Brasil, BA, Una, ReBio Una , Alojamento Maruím ; 3. V.2023; Antunes, A.F. & Guimarães, D.L.P. legs” [ DZRJ ORT1386 ]. One female “ Brasil , PI, Guaribas , PARNA Serra das confusões, torre de rádio; 09°18’19,3”S 43°55’28”W 667m; 18.II.2020 rede de varredura diuna; Alves, A.A. leg” [ DZRJ ORT1355 ]. One female “ Brasil, RJ, Rio de Janeiro; 1/ V /2007; Manual ; Pereira, C. leg” [ DZRJ ORT0577 ]. Two females “CURVELO, MG; Ponto 22; 19°8’5,36”S 44°40’36,67”; 07–17.I.2020; Luiz F. Carmo leg.” [ MNRJ-ENT6-32104 , MNRJ-ENT6-32106 ]. One female “ Itapemirim; Brasil; 25. V.1989; A. L.S. leg.” [ UFES]. One female “ Centro Vitória — ES; Brasil 13/X/1985; P.A. Rezende leg.” [ UFES]. One female “ BRASIL, ES, Vitória ; UFES Goiabeiras ; V.2018 Manual ; Tavares, M. T. leg.” [ UFES]. Males: Two males “Brasil, BA, Camacan, BA662, Prox. ao Rio Panelão ; 05.IV.2023; Antunes, A.F. & Guimarães, D.L.P. legs” [ DZRJ ORT1397 and DZRJ ORT1396 ]. One male “Brasil, BA, Una, ReBio Una, Alojamento Maruím ; 4. V.2023; Antunes, A.F. & Guimarães, D.L.P. legs” [ DZRJ ORT1392 ]. One male “CURVELO, MG; Ponto 22; 19°8’5,36”S 44°40’36,67”; 07–17.I.2020; Luiz F. Carmo leg.” [ MNRJ-ENT6-32105 ]. One male “ Vitoria, ES; Brasil ; 07/IX/1986; R. R. Gusman leg.” [ UFES]. One male “ Brasil , ES, Vitória, Santo Antônio; 21, agosto, 2002; Silva, A.S. leg.” [ UFES]. One male “ BR, ES, Cariacica, Res. Biol. Duas Bocas ; 08.II.2003; MT Tavares & eq leg.” [ UFES].

Figures

FIGURE 8. Neoconocephalus guyvalerioi Piza, 1972. (A–I) Male holotype of N. precarius deposited in MELQ; (A) dorsal habitus; (B) lateral habitus; (C) head and thorax, in lateral view; (D) head, in dorsal view; (E) head, in frontal view; (F) stridulatory area; terminalia, in lateral (G) and (H) in ventral views; (I) specimen labels. (J–P) Female holotype of N. guyvalerioi deposited in MELQ. (J) dorsal habitus; (K) lateral habitus; (L) head and thorax, in lateral view; (M) head, in dorsal view; (N) head, in frontal view; (O) terminalia, in ventral view; (P) specimen labels.

FIGURE 9. Neoconocephalus guyvalerioi Piza, 1972. (A–G) Female holotype of N. matogrossensis deposited in MELQ; (A) dorsal habitus; (B) lateral habitus; (C) head and thorax, in lateral view; (D) head, in dorsal view; (E) head, in frontal view; (F) terminalia, in ventral view; (G) specimen labels.

FIGURE 17. Distribution of Neoconocephalus species described by Piza Jr. in Brazil, showing their states and biomes of occurrence. The same symbols filled in white represent the type locality of species.

FIGURE 18. Living specimens of Neoconocephalus spp. (A) N. boraceae male photographed by Pedro G.B. Souza-Dias in Rio das Ostras, RJ; (B) N. boraceae female photographed by Pedro G.B. Souza-Dias in Rio das Ostras, RJ; (C) N. boraceanus male photographed by Pedro G.B. Souza-Dias in Nova Iguaçu, RJ; (D) N. boraceanus female photographed by Pedro G.B. Souza-Dias in Rio das Ostras, RJ; (E) N. guyvalerioi female photographed by André Almeida Alves in Camacan, BA; (F) N. guyvalerioi female feeding on grass (Poaceae) photographed by André Almeida Alves in Camacan, BA.