Elaphoglossum yatesii (Sodiro) Christ, 1899

Vasco, A., 2011, Taxonomic revision of Elaphoglossum subsection Muscosa (Dryopteridaceae), Blumea 56 (2), pp. 165-202 : 198-200

15. Elaphoglossum yatesii (Sodiro) Christ — Fig. 1o , 16 ; Map 15

Elaphoglossum yatesii (Sodiro) Christ (1899) 83,f. 37. — Acrostichum yatesii Sodiro (1890) 174.— Type: Sodiro s.n. (lecto P (barcode P00577720 ),designated here; iso P (barcode 00577721), QPLS n.v.), Ecuador, Pichincha, Crece en la pendiente occidental del Pichincha a 3900 m en el sitio llamado ‘ Tablahuasi’ , s.d.

Elaphoglossum ellipsoideum (Sodiro) C.Chr. (1913) 42. — Acrostichum ellipsoideum Sodiro (1908) 164. — Type: Sodiro s.n. (lecto QPLS, designated here), Ecuador, Napo, Crescit in silvis suband. Andinum or ppe. Oacachi , s.d.

Elaphoglossum viscidilum (Sodiro) C.Chr. (1913) 43. — Acrostichum viscidulum Sodiro (1908) 165. — Type: Sodiro s.n. (lecto QPLS, designated here), Ecuador, Tungurahua, Crescit in silvis suband. Occid. vulc. Tungurahua, s.d.

Plants terrestrial or epipetric. Rhizome 1–3(–4) mm wide, long-creeping; rhizome scales 4 – 5 mm long, linear-lanceolate to lanceolate, maroon to dark brown, sometimes bicolorous with lighter margin, denticulate to ciliate, base cordate (appearing peltate because of the large auricles), apex acuminate to filiform. Sterile leaves 13–33 cm long, 1– 2 cm apart; phyllopodia present, not obscured by the petiole-base scales; petiole 6.5 – 20 cm long, 1/2– 3/5 the length of the sterile leaves; larger petiole scales 3 – 5 mm long, dense, spreading, to most of the times pointing forward to the petiole, lanceolate to oblanceolate, light brown to dark brown, or mottled, always darker at the point of attachment, margin lighter, erose, base cordate, apex acute; smaller petiole scales 0.2 –1(– 3) mm long, dense, appressed, oblanceolate to round, light brown to dark brown, or mottled, darker at the point of attachment or bicolorous with the centre dark brown and the margin lighter, erose to ciliate, base cordate, apex acute; lamina 6.5 –13 by 1.7–3 cm, linear-lanceolate to ovate, coriaceous, glabrescent with age, base truncate to obtuse, apex obtuse; veins c. 1 mm apart, at an angle of 75– 80° with respect to the costa; adaxial laminar scales 0.5– 2 mm long, dense, imbricate, oblanceolate to round, white to black or mottled, erose to laciniate, base cordate, apex acute; abaxial laminar scales 0.5 – 2.5 mm long, dense, imbricate, elevated above the surface of the lamina to patent, oblanceolate to round, light brown to orange, sometimes dark brown, ciliate, base stalked (up to 0.3 mm), apex acute; abaxial costal scales 2 –3 mm long, dense, pointing at right angles, elevated, linear-lanceolate to oblanceolate, dark brown to black, always with lighter margin, erose to ciliate, base cordate to short-stalked, apex acute; marginal scales same as the laminar ones. Fertile leaves longer than the sterile leaves; petiole 2/3 –3/4 the length of the fertile leaves; petiole scales same as the ones of the sterile leaves; lamina 4.5 –13 by 1.2 – 2 cm, narrowly elliptic to oblong, coriaceous, glabrescent with age, base truncate to broadly cuneate, apex obtuse; adaxial laminar scales 0.3 – 2.5 mm long, dense, imbricate, oblanceolate to round, white to black, sometimes mottled, erose to laciniate, base cordate (appearing peltate because of the large auricles), apex acute; abaxial costal scales 0.5– 2 mm long, dense, pointing at right angles, elevated, oblanceolate to round, dark brown with lighter margin or mottled, laciniate to ciliate, base cordate, apex acute; intersporangial scales 1–2.5 mm long, scattered to dense, sometimes almost obscuring the sporangia, lanceolate to oblanceolate, light brown to dark brown with lighter margin or mottled, ciliate, base stalked (up to 0.3 mm), apex acute. Spores papillate, with ridges.

Distribution — Colombia, Ecuador; 3000– 4500 m. Terrestrial or epipetric in montane forest and páramos.

Selection of other specimens examined. COLOMBIA, Nariño, Mun. Pasto,

Volcán Galeras, páramo al S de la cima, [1°13'N, 77°22'W], 3700 m,24 Dec. 199

1 mm

f

1972, Hagemann 1782 (COL, PSO); Mun. Pasto, Volcán Galeras , [1°13'N, 77°22'W], 4000 m, 22 Oct. 1968, Plowman 1949 ( F, GH, NY,US).– ECUADOR , Azuay, Cuenca, Area Nacional de Recreación Cajas, Laguna Toreadora , 2°48'S, 79°08'W, 3800 m, 10 Oct. 1995, Alexander 31 ( MO, UC) . Carchi, road Tulcán-Maldonado, W of the pass, base of Volcán Chiles , 0°49'N, 78°00'W, 3650 m, 3 Aug.1976, Øllgaard 8411 ( AAU, NY, UC) . Chimborazo, Cerro Altar , [1°31'S, 78°30'W], 3700 m, 9 Aug.1935, Heinrichs 899 ( B) ; Carro Yanaurcu , N ridge of the mountain, 2°14'S, 78°30'W, 4200 m, 29 Oct. 1995, Sklenar 1438 ( AAU, NY) . Cotopaxi, near origin of Río Langoa , E of Latacunga, Laguna Salayambo Cocha, 0°56'S, 78°25'W, 30 Sept. 1976, Øllgaard 9888 ( AAU, GH, NY, UC) . Imbabura, Cerro Imbabura , E and S sides of the volcano just below the rocky escarpment, 0°15'N, 78°10'W, 5 June 1995, Sklenar 568 ( AAU) . Napo, Cerro Sumaco , upper 100 m of cone, 0°34'S, 77°43'W, 1 May 1979, Holm-Nielsen et al. 17586 ( AAU, HUA, NY, QCA) . Pichincha, NE Pasochoa , en bosque a 50 m de la cúspide, [0°24'S, 78°30'W], 30 July 1980, Jaramillo et al. 3181 ( AAU, MO) . Tungurahua, Santiago de Pillaro, Parque Nacional Llanganates, W of Cerro Hermoso, near saddle between headwaters of Río Topo , 1°11'40"S, 78°19'34"W, 3950 m, 12 Nov.1999, Neill et al. 11997 ( MO, UC) .

Notes — Elaphoglossum yatesii can be distinguished by its thin long-creeping rhizomes, dark brown rhizome scales, petiole scales appressed-ascending, and papillate, ridged spores. It occurs above 3000 m.

Elaphoglossum yatesii is similar to E. oreophilum in its distribution ( Colombia and Ecuador, above 3000 m), habit (mainly terrestrial), rhizome type (long-creeping), and spores micromorphology (ridges and papillae); however, the species can be easily distinguished by their petiole and laminar scales. Elaphoglossum oreophilum has long-ciliate petiole and laminar scales, with the cells of the body differentiated. In contrast, E. yatesii has erose to ciliate petiole and laminar scales, whose cells are all isodiametric. Some specimens of E. yatesii have glabrescent abaxial laminar surfaces, whereas those of E. oreophilum are always scaly.

See E. oreophilum for a further comparison.

Figures

Map 15 Distribution of Elaphoglossum yatesii (Sodiro) Christ.

Fig. 1 Spores of Elaphoglossum subsect. Muscosa. a. E. aschersonii; b. E. bellermannianum; c. E. corderoanum; d. E. engelii; e. E. gardnerianum; f. E. glabrescens; g. E. laxisquama; h. E. lehmannianum; i. E. muscosum; j. E. novogranatense; k. E. oculatum; l. E. oreophilum; m. E. quisqueyanum; n. E. ruficomum; o. E. yatesii (a: Moran 7645, NY; b: Meier 302, NY; c: Holm-Nielsen 3260, AAU; d: Sánchez 465, US; e: Wacket 186, UC; f: Buchtien 2725, US; g: Vásquez 28162, NY;h: Ruíz-Terán 976, NY;i: Underwood 3212, NY;j: Vasco 746, NY; k: Hutchison 1629, UC;l: Holm-Nielsen 19071, AAU; m: Zanoni 20917, NY;n: Sagástegui 12091, NY; o: Navarrete 1402, NY). — Scale bars = 10 µm.

Fig. 16 Elaphoglossum yatesii (Sodiro) Christ. a. Habit; b. rhizome scale; c. larger petiole scale; d. smaller petiole scale; e. abaxial laminar surface; f. abaxial laminar scale; g. adaxial laminar surface; h. adaxial laminar scale; i. fertile lamina (all: Mille 202, US).