Vespa multimaculata Pérez, 1910

Smith-Pardo, Allan H., Carpenter, James M. & Kimsey, Lynn, 2020, The Diversity of Hornets in the Genus Vespa (Hymenoptera: Vespidae; Vespinae), Their Importance and Interceptions in the United States, Insect Systematics and Diversity 4 (3), No. 2, pp. 1-27 : 17

Vespa multimaculata Pérez

Figs. 4b , 12a, 12f , 38 , and 39

Vespa annulata Smith, 1858: 116 . Lectotype female (designated by Carpenter and Kojima 1997); Malaysia: Borneo : Sarawak (OXFORD). Nec Vespa annulata Rossi, 1790 .

Vespa multimaculata Pérez, 1910: 14 . Lectotype female (designated by van der Vecht 1957); Brunei (PARIS).

Vespa luctuosa var. malayana Bequaert, 1934: 4 . Replacement name for Vespa annulata Smith.

Vespa multimaculata pendleburyi van der Vecht, 1957: 43 ; Holotype female; Malaysia: ‘near Jitra , Kedah’, (LEIDEN).

Distribution. Thailand; Laos; Malaysia: Peninsular Malaysia, Sarawak, Sabah; Singapore; Indonesia: Sumatra, Borneo ( KALIMANTAN); Brunei.

Discussion. Vespa multimaculata is found in lowland and montane forests in Southeast Asia ( Archer 1999, 2011), and is unlikely to disperse to temperate regions. Martin (1995) found nests in the ground beneath the roots of a tree.

Figures

Figs. 1–4. Vespa morphology. Fig. 1 (a) Hindwing. (b) Forewing apex.(c) Lateral view of pronotal lobe.(e) Hindtarsal claws.(f)Thoracic dorsum. (g) Lateral view of metasomal segment 1. Fig. 2. (a) Lateral view of pronotal lobe. (b) Dorsal view of vertex, i =distance from hind ocellus to posterior head margin, ii=distance between lateral ocellus and eye. (c) Lateral view of metasomal segment 1. (d) Costal margin of forewing apex.(e) Dorsal view of vertex.(c) Front view of clypeus and mandibles. Fig. 3.(a, b) Lateral view of head. (c, d) Lateral view of metasoma.(3a, 3c)V.soror. Fig. 4. (a, b) Lateral view of metasomal tergum 2. (c, d) Lateral view of pronotal carina. (e, f) Front view of clypeus. Figs. 1a-g, 2a, 2b, 3b, 3d, V. crabro. Fig. 2c, V. binghami. Figs. 2d, 2e, V. analis. Fig. 2f, V. bicolor. Figs. 4a, 4e, V. fervida. Fig. 4b, V. multimaculata. Figs. 4c, 4f, V. luctuosa. Fig. 4d, V. affinis.

Figs. 9–12. Vespa morphology. (a, b) Dorsal view of metasoma. (c, d) Dorsal view of basal metasomal terga. Fig. 10. (a, b) Dorsal view of scutum. (c, d) Dorsal view of metasoma. Fig. 11. (a, b) Lateral view of head. (c, d) Dorsal view of metasoma. Fig. 12. (a, b) Front view of clypeus.(c-f) Dorsal view of metanotum. Figs. 9a, 9b,V. orientalis. Figs. 9c, 10b, d, V. affinis. Fig. 9d, V. crabro. Figs. 10a, 10c, 11b, 11c, V. mocsaryana. Fig. 11a, V. fumida. Fig. 11d. V. dybowskii. Figs. 12a, 12f, V. multimaculata. Figs. 12b, d, e, V. bicolor. Fig. 12c, V. luctuosa.

Figs. 38 and 39. Vespa multimaculata color forms. (a) Lateral view. (b) Dorsal view. (c) Front view of face.