Eugenia campina Sobral & M.A.D.Souza, 2018

Souza, Maria Anália Duarte De & Sobral, Marcos, 2018, Six new Eugenia (Myrtaceae) from Amazonas, Brazil, Phytotaxa 349 (1), pp. 18-30 : 20-22

2. Eugenia campina Sobral & M.A.D.Souza , sp. nov.

Type:— BRAZIL. Pará: Rio Mapueira, 25 km acima, campina , 6 June 1974, D.G. Campbell et al. P22543 (holotype INPA! , isotypes COL , HAS! , K , MICH , MO , NY , U , US , VEN . Figure 2 .

Diagnosis:—This species is related to Eugenia tepuiensis , but differs by its shorter petioles (to about 5% of the blades length versus 7–12% in E. tepuiensis ), blades shining at least adaxially (vs. not shining), with the midvein adaxially raised (vs. adaxially impressed), inflorescences ramiflorous and axillary (vs. predominantly axillary) and glabrous pedicels (vs. strigose). It may also resemble Eugenia breviracemosa , but it has blades with the midvein adaxially raised (versus impressed in E. breviracemosa ) and inflorescences with shorter axes (to 4 mm vs. up to 30 mm).

Description:—Shrub to small tree 1– 4 m. Plants glabrous, except for scattered trichomes on the bracteoles and staminal rings. Twigs 20–30 × 2–2.5 mm, slightly applanate, drying reddish when young, turning grey or whitish. Leaves with petioles semiterete, 1–4 × 1–1.8 mm, adaxially canaliculate; blades glabrous, coriaceous, ovate, widely ovate or elliptic, 29–84 × 20–46 mm, 1.4–2.5 times longer than wide, discolorous when dry, dark brown or blackish and shining adaxially, dull brown and occasionally also shining abaxially, both surfaces sometimes undulate; base rounded or cordiform, sometimes widely cuneate; apex obtuse or widely acute; glandular dots perceptible abaxially but more visible when backlit, smaller than 0.1 mm in diameter and 10 to 15/mm²; midvein raised on both sides, a little more so abaxially; lateral veins 6 to 10 at each side, leaving the midvein at angles 30–50°, raised on both sides, a little more so abaxially, secondary lateral veins occasionally visible; marginal vein 2–3 mm from the strongly revolute margin. Inflorescences axillary or ramiflorous, fasciculiform, the axis 2–4 × 1 mm, with 2 to 6 flowers; bracts orbicular or elliptic, to 0.5 × 0.3 mm, persisiting after anthesis; pedicels 10–15 mm, glabrous; bracteoles triangular or elliptic, 0.4–0.6 × 0.3 mm, persisting after anthesis, with an apical tuft of rufescent trichomes to 0.1 mm, hypanthium 1.8–2 mm, glabrous and conspicuously glandulose; sepals orbicular or widely elliptic, in two unequal pairs, the inner ones 1.5–2.7 × 2–2.5 mm, the outer ones 2.5–3 × 2 mm, with cilia to 0.1 mm; petals obovate or spathulate, sometimes shortly unguiculate and with cilia to 0.1 mm, 4–5 × 2 mm; staminal ring subquadrate, 2–3 mm in diameter, sometimes drying whitish, with trichomes to 0.2 mm; stamens not counted, the filaments 2–3 mm, the anthers globose, 0.2–0.3 mm in diameter, with one gland; style 5–6 mm, the stigma punctiform or slightly capitate, papillose; ovary bilocular, the locules internally glabrous and with 8 to 10 ovules per locule. Fruits globose, 6–7 mm in diameter, yellow when ripe, crowned by the calyx lobes.

Distribution, habitat and phenology:— Eugenia campina is restricted to open areas with shrubby vegetation and sandy soils (“campinas”) from the states of Amazonas and Pará; flowers were collected from June to November, and fruits from August to December.

Conservation status:— Eugenia campina is frequently found on open shrubby vegetation around the municipality of Manaus, where it has been repeatedly collected, and there are two additional collections from Pará. It is apparently endemic from sandy soils, which are intensively explored for use in urban constructions, what may represent a potential threat for this species. A preliminary evaluation of its extent of occurrence (EOO) via Geocat (see Bachman et al. 2011) considering the collection data from Manaus and the Pará collections pointed to an EOO of more than 90,000 km ², suggesting a conservation status of Less Concern (LC), according to IUCN conservation criteria ( IUCN 2001).

Etymology:—The epithet is an apposition of the local name of the typical habitat of the species, the open shrubby vegetation on sandy soils named “campinas”.

Affinities:—This species is morphologically related to the Amazonian Eugenia breviracemosa Mazine (2009: 151 ; type image RB 01168231) and the Venezuelan E. tepuiensis Steyermark (1957: 1015; type image F 0065342F). The fasciculiform inflorescence is characteristic of section Umbellatae , according to the phylogenetic scheme of Mazine et al. (2016).

Paratypes:— BRAZIL. Amazonas: Manaus, BR-174, rodovia Manaus-Caracaraí, km 45, reserva de campina do INPA , 3 May 1982, J.M.S. Miralha & L.C.M. Bonates 1 ( INPA!) ; BR-174, Km 60, Reserva Biológica da Campina , 2°38’ S 60°1’W, 8 August 2001, C.G.B. Lima 03 ( INPA!) ; idem, 12 August 1975, L. Carreira 101 ( INPA!) ; idem, 28 September 1996, C.A. Cid [Ferreira] 11248A ( INPA!) ; idem, 4 October 1996, C.A. Cid [Ferreira] 11245 ( INPA!, PEUFR) ; idem, 20 November 1977, A.B. Anderson 313 ( INPA!) ; idem, 22 September 1977, J. Ribamar [Nascimento] & J. Ramos 375 ( INPA!) ; idem, 9 October 1974, B. Albuquerque 1114 ( INPA!) ; idem, 9 June 1975, B. Albuquerque 1154 ( INPA!) ; idem, 21 November 1977, B. Albuquerque & L.F. Coêlho 1227 ( INPA!) ; idem, 31 August 1976, M.F. Silva et al. 1978 ( INPA!) ; idem, 20 November 1974, M. Macêdo 9 ( INPA!) ; idem, 31 July 1975, G.T. Prance & J.F. Ramos 23571 ( INPA!) ; idem, estrada Manaus-Caracaraí Km 45 , 23 August 1971, L. Coêlho 126 ( INPA!) ; idem, 11 November 1974, D. Coêlho s. n. ( INPA 49149 !) ; idem, 09 October 1974, B. Albuquerque 1111 ( INPA!) ; idem, 1°40’ S, 60°05’ W, 16 August 1986, T.B. Croat et al. 62192 ( INPA!, MO, UFACPZ) ; idem, 20 June 1975, S.P. Assunção 15 ( INPA!) ; idem, 02 July 1975, P. Lisboa (130) ( INPA 50781 !) ; idem, 25 July 1975, P. Lisboa 141 ( INPA!) ; idem, 25 July 1975, P. Lisboa 143 ( INPA!) ; idem, 26 December 1982, T. Plowman et al. 12669 ( INPA!, UB) ; idem, 31 July 1975, G.T. Prance & J.F. Ramos 23571 ( INPA!, NY, MG, MICH, MO, COL, VEN) ; idem, 15 August 1974, G.T. Prance et al. 21654 ( INPA!, NY, MG, MICH, MO, COL, VEN) . Campus do INPA , 12 August 1994, M. Flores 570 ( INPA!) . Pará: Oriximiná, estrada Oriximiná-Óbidos, Km 12, margem esquerda , 14 September 1980, C.A. Cid [Ferreira] et al. 2475 ( ICN!, INPA!) .

Figures

FIGURE 2. Eugenia campina (isotype at HAS; scale: 50 mm).