Thericium poetzleinsdorfense ( Sacco, 1895 )

Harzhauser, Mathias, Guzhov, Aleksandr & Landau, Bernard, 2025, A revision of the Cainozoic Cerithiidae and Plesiotrochidae (Mollusca: Caenogastropoda) of the Paratethys Sea (Europe, Asia), Zootaxa 5625 (1), pp. 1-180 : 107-110

Thericium poetzleinsdorfense ( Sacco, 1895)

Figs 27G, 49A–F

Cerithium crenatum? Lam.— Pusch 1837: 148 [non Thericium crenatum ( Brocchi, 1814) ].

[ Cerithium ] crenatum Defr.— Hauer 1837: 419 [non Thericium crenatum ( Brocchi, 1814) ].

[ Cerithium ] crenatum Defr.— Hörnes 1848: 21 [non Thericium crenatum ( Brocchi, 1814) ].

Cerithium crenatum Brocc. var.— Hörnes 1855 (pars): 408, pl. 42, fig. 13 [non Thericium crenatum ( Brocchi, 1814) ].

* [ Cerithium crenatum Sacc. ] var. pötzleinsdorfensis Sacc.— Sacco 1895: 19 .

Cerithium procrenatum Sacco— Friedberg 1914: 264 , pl. 16, fig. 13 [non Thericium procrenatum ( Sacco, 1895) ].

Cerithium (Ptychocerithium) crenatum Brocchi var. communicata [sic] n. v.— Sieber 1937: 494 (pars), pl. 24, fig. E3 [non E1 = Thericium grundense ( Sacco, 1895) ].

Cerithium (Ptychocerithium) procrenatum Sacco— Sieber 1937: 493 (pars), pl. 24, figs E4, F1–2, 4 [non Thericium procrenatum ( Sacco, 1895) ] [non E2 = Thericium grundense ( Sacco, 1895) ; F3 = Thericium posidoniaphilum sp. nov.].

Cerithium (Vulgocerithium) procrenatum Sacco — Csepreghy-Meznerics 1950: 31, pl. 2, fig. 1 [non Thericium procrenatum ( Sacco, 1895) ].

Cerithium (Vulgocerithium) procrenatum Sacc. var.— Strausz 1954: 16, 96 [non Thericium procrenatum ( Sacco, 1895) ].

Cerithium (Ptychocerithium) crenatum Brocchi var. — Moisescu 1955: 119, pl. 10, fig. 10 [non Thericium crenatum ( Brocchi, 1814) ].

Cerithium (Ptychocerithium) crenatum Brocchi, 1836 — Strausz 1955: 28, 146, pl. 1, figs 16–17 [non Thericium crenatum ( Brocchi, 1814) ].

? Cerithium (Ptychocerithium) crenatum procrenatum Sacco, 1895 — Strausz 1955: 30, 148, pl. 1, fig. 10 [non Thericium procrenatum ( Sacco, 1895) ].

Cerithium (Ptychocerithium) crenatum communicatum Sieber 1937 — Strausz 1955: 31, 149, pl. 1, figs 12–13.

Cerithium (Ptychocerithium) procrenatum Sacco— Švagrovský 1956: 313 , text fig 27 [non Thericium procrenatum ( Sacco, 1895) ].

C [erithium]. (P [tychocerithium].) crenatum procrenatum Sacc.— Sieber 1958: 137 [non Thericium procrenatum ( Sacco, 1895) ].

C [erithium]. (P [tychocerithium].) crenatum communicatum Sieber— Sieber 1958: 137 .

Cerithium (Ptychocerithium) crenatum procrenatum Sacco— Švagrovský 1959: 222 , pl. 6, fig. 15 [non Thericium procrenatum ( Sacco, 1895) ].

Cerithium (Ptychocerithium) crenatum procrenatum Sacco— Švagrovský 1960: 75 , 138, pl. 7, figs 7–8 [non Thericium procrenatum ( Sacco, 1895) ].

Cerithium (Ptychocerithium) crenatum var. communicata [sic] Sieber 1937 —Kojumdgieva in Kojumdgieva & Strachimirov 1960: 107, pl. 31, figs 12–14.

Cerithium crenatum procrenatum Sacco— Švagrovský 1964: 84 , pl. 16, fig. 4 [non Thericium procrenatum ( Sacco, 1895) ].

Cerithium crenatum communicatum Sieber— Strausz 1962: 44 , pl. 9, figs 8–9.

Cerithium crenatum Brocchi— Strausz 1962: 45 , pl. 9, fig. 10 [non Thericium crenatum ( Brocchi, 1814) ].

Cerithium crenatum Brocchi, 1814 — Strausz 1966: 135, pl. 9, fig. 10 [non Thericium crenatum ( Brocchi, 1814) ].

Cerithium crenatum communicatum Sieber, 1937 — Strausz 1966: 136, pl. 9, figs 8–9.

Cerithium procrenatum Sacco, 1895 — Zelinskaya et al. 1968: 155, pl. 38, fig. 11 [non Thericium procrenatum ( Sacco, 1895) ].

Cerithium (Ptychocerithium) crenatum crenatum Brocchi, 1814 —Hinculov in Iliescu et al. 1968: 131, pl. 31, fig. 5 [non Thericium crenatum ( Brocchi, 1814) ].

Cerithium (Ptychocerithium) crenatum procrenatum Sacco, 1895 —Hinculov in Iliescu et al. 1968: 131, pl. 31, fig. 6 [non Thericium procrenatum ( Sacco, 1895) ].

Cerithium ( Phychocerithium [sic] crenatum procrenatum (Sacco) — Popović & Gagić 1969: 99, pl.8, fig. 9 [non Thericium procrenatum ( Sacco, 1895) ].

Cerithium (Ptychocerithium) procrenatum Sacco— Atanacković 1969: 196 , pl. 8, fig. 20 [non Thericium procrenatum ( Sacco, 1895) ].

Cerithium (Ptychocerithium) procrenatum Sacco— Bałuk 1970: 118 , pl. 10, fig. 17 [non Thericium procrenatum ( Sacco, 1895) ].

Cerithium crenatum procrenata [sic] (Sacco)— Eremija 1971: 66, pl. 7, figs 6–7 [non Thericium procrenatum ( Sacco, 1895) ].

Cerithium (P.) crenatum Brocchi— Stancu et al. 1971 : plate captions, pl. 4, fig. 11 [non Thericium crenatum ( Brocchi, 1814) ].

Cerithium (Vulgocerithium) procrenatum Sacco — Csepreghy-Meznerics 1972: 21, pl. 3, fig. 18 [non Thericium procrenatum ( Sacco, 1895) ].

Cerithium crenatum procrenatum Sacco, 1895 — Nicorici & Sagatovici 1973: 166, 193, pl. 24, figs 4–5 [non Thericium procrenatum ( Sacco, 1895) ].

Cerithium (Ptychocerithium) crenatum communicatum Sieber 1937 — Bohn-Havas 1973: 1044, 1108.

Cerithium (Ptychocerithium) procrenatum Sacco, 1895 — Švagrovský 1982: 19, pl. 8, fig. 5 [non Thericium procrenatum ( Sacco, 1895) ].

Cerithium (Ptychocerithium) procrenatum ( Sacco, 1895) — Atanacković 1985: 105, pl. 25, figs 1–4 [non Thericium procrenatum ( Sacco, 1895) ].

Cerithium crenatum procrenatum Sacco— Ionesi & Nicorici 1994: 61 , pl. 4, figs 23–24 [non Thericium procrenatum ( Sacco, 1895) ].

Cerithium crenatum Brocchi— Hladilová et al. 2004 pl. 1, figs 1–8 [non Thericium crenatum ( Brocchi, 1814) ].

Cerithium (Ptychocerithium) procrenatum Sacco, 1895 — Bałuk 2006: 198, pl. 8, figs 10–11.

Cerithium crenatum ssp.— Hladilová & Fordinál 2013: 40, pl. 5, fig. b [non Thericium crenatum ( Brocchi, 1814) ].

Cerithium crenatum ( Brocchi, 1814) — Popa et al. 2014: 8, pl. 1, fig. 5 [non Thericium crenatum ( Brocchi, 1814) ].

Type material. Holotype, NHMW 1846 /0037/0377, SL: 43.7 mm, MD: 14.2 mm, illustrated in Hörnes (1855, pl. 42, fig. 13), Vienna / Pötzleinsdorf ( Austria), Middle Miocene, Badenian, Figs 49B 1 –B 2 .

Illustrated material. NHMW 2023/0028/0002, SL: 44.6 mm, MD: 12.2 mm, Vienna /Pötzleinsdorf ( Austria), Figs 49A 1 –A 2 . NHMW 1999z0004/0015, SL: 38.6 mm, MD: 11.3 mm, Ritzing ( Austria), illustrated in Sieber (1937, pl. 24, fig. E4). Figs 49C 1 –C 2 . NHMW 1999z0004/0033, SL: 40.8 mm, MD: 12.7 mm, illustrated in Sieber (1937: pl. 24, fig. E3), lectotype (designated herein) of Cerithium communicatum Sieber, 1937 , Figs 49D 1 –D 2 . NHMW 2023/0046/0001, SL: 45.9 mm, MD: 12.9 mm, Pöls ( Austria) Figs 49E 1 –E 2 . NHMW 1861/0032/0052, SL: 57.9 mm, MD: 17.0 mm, Buituri ( Romania), Figs 49F 1 –F 2 . NHMW 2023/0047/0001, SL: 47.3 mm, MD: 13.7 mm, Buituri ( Romania), Fig. 27G.

Additional material. 12 spec. NHMW 1848 /0003/0025, Ritzing ( Austria) ; 10 spec., NHMW 2023 /0024/0005, Ritzing ( Austria) ; 14 spec., NHMW 1870 /0037/0025, Ritzing ( Austria) ; 1 spec., NHMW 1874 /0024/0063, Ritzing ( Austria) ; 4 spec. NHMW 1878 /0041/0019, Vienna / Pötzleinsdorf ( Austria) ; 1 spec. NHMW 1999 z0004/0016, Vienna / Pötzleinsdorf ( Austria) , illustrated in Sieber (1937, pl. 24, fig. F2); 26 spec., NHMW 1865 /0001/0948, Vienna / Pötzleinsdorf ( Austria) ; 1 spec., NHMW 1869 /0029/0004, Vienna / Pötzleinsdorf ( Austria) ; 1 spec. NHMW 1999 z0004/0031, Vienna / Ottakring ( Austria) , illustrated in Sieber (1937, pl. 24, fig. F4); 8 spec., NHMW 1860 /0005/0046, Pöls ( Austria) ; 15 spec., NHMW 2023 /0046/0002, Pöls ( Austria) ; 2 spec., NHMW 1855 /0020/0018, Guglitz ( Austria) ; 8 spec., NHMW 1861 /0032/0052, Buituri ( Romania) ; 2 spec., NHMW1859 /0040/0028, Zalistsi (Ternopil Region, Ukraine) ; 1 spec., NHMW 1855 /0035/0023, Belgrade / Rakovica ( Serbia) ; 2 spec., NHM 1869/0001/0708, Coşteiu de Sus ( Romania) ; 6 spec., NHM 1867/0019/0190, Coşteiu de Sus ( Romania) ; 1 spec., NHMW 1854 /0035/0295, Lăpugiu de Sus ( Romania) .

Revised description. Large, slender conical shell of about 12 teleoconch whorls, attaining 40–60 mm in height; apical angle ~30°. Protoconch unknown. Early teleoconch whorls weakly convex, with several spiral cords and prominent axial ribs separated by slightly wider interspaces. Weak beading developed at sculptural intersections appear around sixth teleoconch whorl. Adapical spiral cord becoming more prominent, separated by next spiral cord by slightly wider interspace with two secondary spiral cords intercalated. One secondary spiral cord intercalated between other spiral cords and at abapical suture. Axial ribs of early teleoconch whorls replaced by moderately close-set, vaguely obliquely axially arranged beads on subsequent whorls. Beading persisting onto last whorl. Whorl profile becoming straight sided, subcylindrical. Suture distinctly incised, slightly undulating. Last whorl weakly convex to sub-cylindrical, attaining 35–38% of total height. Base with numerous weakly beaded primary and secondary spiral cords. About two broad, randomly placed varices per whorl, well developed from the earliest teleoconch whorls, one on last whorl placed roughly opposite outer lip. Base weakly convex, weakly constricted. Aperture elongate-ovate. Columella weakly and broadly excavated. Columellar callus forming broad thickened rim, sharply delimited from base. Anal canal incised, weak parietal denticle. Outer lip slightly thickened. Three prominent lirae deep inside aperture. Siphonal canal moderately short and wide, slightly deflected to the left, weakly notched.

Synonyms. Cerithium (Ptychocerithium) communicata [sic] Sieber, 1937 is based on a specimen from Ritzing ( Austria) with three primary spiral cords below the subsutural spiral cord, resulting in a more close-set sculpture of beads. The tendency to strengthen the secondary spiral cords is not uncommon in fully grown specimens of T. poetzleinsdorfense and there is no reason to separate these specimens as a distinct species. Therefore, we consider Cerithium (Ptychocerithium) communicata Sieber, 1937 to be a subjective junior synonym of Thericium poetzleinsdorfense ( Sacco, 1895) .

Discussion. Thericium poetzleinsdorfense is an exceptionally variable species due to the intercalations of a variable number of secondary and tertiary spiral cords with beads of varying strength. This species was confused by several authors with Thericium procrenatum ( Sacco, 1895) from the Burdigalian or Langhian of Italy. The lectotype of this species (BS.046.01.077, Museo Regionale di Scienze Naturali Torino, Italy) was designated by Švagrovský (1982: 19) and is illustrated in Sacco (1895, pl. 2, fig. 1) and Ferrero Mortara et al. (1984, pl. 34, fig. 12). Thericium procrenatum differs from T. poetzleinsdorfense in its more prominent mid-whorl angulation of the teleoconch whorls and the tubercles on the mid-cord. The Pliocene Thericium crenatum ( Brocchi, 1814) belongs to the same lineage as T. grundense (Sacco, 1995) and T. poetzleinsdorfense ( Sacco, 1895) but differs in its much finer sculpture with numerous secondary spiral cords, and the more prominent varices (see Landau et al. 2004; Chirli 2006).

Paleoenvironment. This species is abundant in coastal inner neritic settings with sand bottoms (e.g., Ritzing ( Austria) and is a rare element in seagrass faunas (e.g., Gainfarn ( Austria), own data M.H.).

Distribution. Thericium poetzleinsdorfense is restricted to the middle and late Badenian (Late Langhian, Early Serravallian) of the Central Paratethys Sea.

Central Paratethys. Badenian (Middle Miocene): Korytnica Basin: Korytnica ( Poland) ( Friedberg 1914); Nowy Sącz Basin: Niskowa ( Poland) ( Bałuk 1970); Vienna Basin: Vienna /Ottakring, Vienna /Pötzleinsdorf ( Austria) (hoc opus), Borský Mikuláš ( Slovakia) ( Švagrovský 1982); Eisenstadt-Sopron Basin: Forchtenau ( Austria); Oberpullendorf Basin: Ritzing ( Janoschek 1931; Sieber 1937); Danube Basin: Modra-Kráľová ( Slovakia) ( Švagrovský 1964, 1982; Hladilová & Fordinál 2013); Eastern Slovakian Basin: Kuzmice ( Slovakia) ( Švagrovský 1964); Styrian Basin: St. Florian, Pöls, Guglitz ( Austria) (hoc opus); Pannonian Basin: Bánd, Budapest (Illés street), Herend–Márkó, Mátraverebély, Pécsszabolcs, Sámsonháza ( Hungary) ( Csepreghy-Meznerics 1954), Hrvaćani, Miljevići, Reljevac ( Bosnia and Herzegovina) ( Atanacković 1969, 1985), Belgrade /Rakovica ( Serbia) (hoc opus); Timok Basin: Izvorski Alapin ( Serbia) ( Popović & Gagić 1969); Bükk Mountains: Borsodbóta ( Hungary) ( Csepreghy-Meznerics 1972); Mehadia Basin : Valea Bela Reca ( Romania) (Hinculov in Iliescu et al. 1968); Zarand Basin: Minişul de Sus ( Romania) ( Nicorici & Sagatovici 1973); Southern Carpathians: Crivineni-Patârlagele ( Romania) ( Ionesi & Nicorici 1994); Transylvanian Basin: Buituri, Coşteiu de Sus, Lăpugiu de Sus ( Romania) ( Moisescu 1955; Hladilová et al. 2004; Popa et al. 2014); Dacian Basin: Dobrusha, Opanets, Tyrnene ( Bulgaria) (Kojumdgieva in Kojumdgieva & Strachimirov 1960).

Figures

FIGURE 1. Argyropeza spina (Hörnes, 1855). A1–A2. NHMW 1859/0027/0109, paralectotype, Baden-Sooss (Austria). B1– B2. NHMW 2023/0054/0001, paralectotype, Baden-Sooss (Austria). C1–C2. NHMW 2023/0054/0002, paralectotype, Baden- Sooss (Austria). D1–D2. NHMW 1851/0013/0002, lectotype, Baden (Austria). E1–E2. M.68.2104, holotype of Bittium leganyii Csepreghy-Meznerics, 1969, Borsodbóta (Hungary). F. M.68.2105, holotype of Bittium botense Csepreghy-Meznerics, 1969, Borsodbóta (Hungary). G1–G2. NHMW 1859/0027/0109, paralectotype, SL: 8.6 mm, MD: 2.3 mm, Baden-Sooss (Austria). All Middle Miocene, Badenian.

FIGURE 2. A1–A2. Bittium acutum (Ossaulenko, 1936), PIN 5904/2, Bila Krynytsya (Ukraine). B1–B3. Bittium acutum (Ossaulenko, 1936), PIN 5904/4, Bila Krynytsya (Ukraine). C. Bittium acutum (Ossaulenko, 1936), PIN 5904/5, Bila Krynytsya (Ukraine). D. PIN 5904/6, Bila Krynytsya (Ukraine). E. Bittium badzoshviliae sp. nov., PIN 5904/7, Cəngi (Azerbaijan). F. Bittium badzoshviliae sp. nov., PIN 5904/8, Otap River (Abkhazia). G1–G2. Bittium badzoshviliae sp. nov., PIN 5904/9, holotype, Krymsk (Russia). H. Bittium badzoshviliae sp. nov., PIN 5904/10, Otap River (Abkhazia). I. Bittium badzoshviliae sp. nov., PIN 5904/11, Otap River (Abkhazia). All Late Miocene, early Maeotian.Arrows show end of protoconch.

FIGURE 49. Thericium poetzleinsdorfense (Sacco, 1895). A1–A2. NHMW 2023/0028/0002, Vienna/Pötzleinsdorf (Austria). B1–B2. NHMW 1846/0037/0377, holotype, Vienna/Pötzleinsdorf (Austria). C1–C2. NHMW 1999z0004/0015, Ritzing (Austria). D1–D2. NHMW 1999z0004/0033, lectotype of Cerithium communicatum Sieber, 1937, Ritzing (Austria). E1–E2. NHMW 2023/0046/0001, Pöls (Austria). F1–F2. NHMW 1861/0032/0052, SL: 57.9 mm, MD: 17.0 mm, Buituri (Romania). All Middle Miocene, Badenian.