Exogone (Sylline) fustifera Haswell, 1920

Guillermo San Martin, 2005, Exogoninae (Polychaeta: Syllidae) from Australia With the Description of a New Genus and Twenty-two New Species, Records of the Australian Museum 57, pp. 39-152 : 147-149

Exogone (Sylline) fustifera Haswell, 1920

Fig. 95A–E

Exogone fustifera Haswell, 1920a: 218, pl. 17, figs. 1–6. Exogone spinisetosa Hartmann-Schröder, 1981: 39, Figs. 77–79; 1982: 74; 1983: 135; 1984: 25; 1985: 72; 1986: 46; 1987: 43; 1990: 56; 1991: 42.

Material examined. AUSTRALIA: paratypes of Exogone spinisetosa Hartmann-Schröder, 1981: 2 specimens, AM W17724, near mouth of Greenough River, Geraldton, Western Australia, Australia, 28°52'S 114°37.5'E, reef platform, algae, intertidal, G. Hartmann-Schröder, 18 Oct 1975. NEW SOUTH WALES. 7 specimens, AM W17694, Silver Beach, Kurnell, 34°00.5'S 151°12'E, intertidal, 0 m, Rosalie Watkins, MSB, 18 Oct 1979. 5 specimens, AM W18851, off Bonna Point, Botany Bay, 34°00.5'S 151°11.0'E, NSW State Fisheries, 22 Jan 1975. 1 specimen,AM W20470, Hare Bay, Jervis Bay, 34°59.7'S 150°45.0'E, Posidonia , 3 m, P.A. Hutchings & party, Nov 1989. 1 specimen, AM W21619, 800 m off Port Botany, Botany Bay, 33°58.75'S 151°11.03'E, 7 m, Australian Museum party, 07 Apr 1992. 1 specimen, AM W21620, south of airport runway extension, Botany Bay, 33°58.13'S 151°11.16'E, 5 m, Australian Museum party, 7 Apr 1992. 1 specimen, AM W22984, east of Providential Head, Wattamolla, 34°08'S 151°08.5'E, 50 m, The Ecology Lab, 1 Feb 1990. 1 specimen,AM W23542, Weeney Bay, Botany Bay, 34°01.3'S 151°09.7'E, mud, 1 m, A. Roach & A. Jones, 30 Mar 1995. 1 specimen, AM W23912, Botany Bay, 33°58.78'S 151°11.84'E, sand, 18.4 m, AM party, 31 May 1994. 1 specimen, AM W26390, South Ledge, Cook Island, 28°11.65'S 153°34.63'E, yellow green sponge and crinoid, 12 m, A.R. Parker, 9 Jun 1993. 1 specimen,AM W26391, 100 m north west of Split Solitary Island, 30°14.0'S 153°10.8'E, brown algae, 17 m, S.J. Keable, 7 Mar 1992. 1 specimen, AM W26392, 400 yards south of southern entrance to Jervis Bay, 35°7'S 150°46'E, 6.1 m, P.A. Hutchings, 20 July 1972. 1 specimen, AM W26394, Summer Cloud Bay, Wreck Bay, 35°10.5'S 150°41'E, large boulders, little algal cover, underside of rocks, 3 m, P.A. Hutchings, 26 Nov 1971. 1 specimen, AM W26412, North Ledge, Cook Island, 28°11.44'S 153°34.67'E, sponge, 10 m, A.R. Parker, 08 Jun 1993. 1 specimen, AM W26414, North Creek Canal, Richmond River, 28°52.1'S 153°32.8'E, mud, 3 m, P.B. Berents et al., 2 Mar 1992. 6 specimens, AM W26415, 100 m north west of Split Solitary Island, 30°14.0'S 153°10.8'E, gravel under rocks, 15 m, R. Gentle, 7 Mar 1992. 1 specimen, AM W26428, 150 m east of Burrill Rocks, 35°23.41'S 150°28.18'E, dead bryozoan encrusted with algae, bryozoa and hydroids, 17 m, K. Attwood, 1 May 1997. 2 specimens, AM W26429, 100 m north west of Split Solitary Island, 30°14.0'S 153°10.8'E, mixed red algae, 15 m, S.J. Keable, 7 Mar 1992. 4 specimens, AM W26433, 100 m northwest of Split Solitary Island, 30°14.0'S 153°10.8'E, encrusting algae and ascidians, 15 m, E.L. Albertson, 7 May 1992. 1 specimen, AM W26467, 500 m west of northern-most part of Port Botany, Botany Bay, 33°58.28'S 151°11.98'E, 7 m, AM party, 27 July 1992. 2 specimens, AM W26534, northern side of Bannister Head, 35°19.15'S 150°29.12'E, grey sponge from top of boulder, 18 m, K. Attwood, 6 May 1997. 3 specimens, AM W26535, 100 m north west of Split Solitary Island, 30°14.0'S 153°10.8'E, mixed red algae, 15 m, S.J. Keable, 7 Mar 1992. 6 specimens, AM W26541, 150 m east of Burrill Rocks, 35°23.41'S 150°28.18'E, surface of sponges, 19 m, K. Attwood et al., 1 May 1997. 3 specimens, AM W26542, southwest side of South Solitary Island, 30°12.0'S 153°16.0'E, coral rubble, 18 m, R.T. Springthorpe, 24 Jun 1992. 1 specimen, AM W26548, Burrill Rocks, Ulladulla, 35°23.39'S 150°28.24'E, gorgonacean, 24 m, R.T. Springthorpe, 7 Mar 1997. 125 specimens, AM W26634, Barrenjoey Head, Broken Bay, 33°35'S 151°20'E, algae on rocky substrate, 5 m, J.K. Lowry et al., 22 Apr 1983. 9 specimens, AM W26635, north east corner of Clark Island, 33°51.85'S 151°14.47'E, Ecklonia holdfast, 5 m, P.A. Hutchings, 17 Apr 1996. 22 specimens, AM W26640, Crowdy Head, 31°50'S 152°45'E, brown algae in rock pools, J.K. Lowry, 13 Jan 1982. 27 specimens, AM W26648, Grotto Point, Port Jackson, 33°49'S 151°15'E, algae, 4 m, P. Colman, 18 July 2000. 1 specimen, AM W26657, north east corner of Clark Island, 33°51.85'S 151°14.47'E, Sargassum sp. , 2 m, I. Takeuchi & D. Bray, 17 Apr 1996. 1 specimen, AM W26393, southwest Bowen Island, ACT, 35°07.49'S 150°45.77'E, rock on sandy bottom with bryozoans and encrusting polychaetes, 8 m, P.Serov & G.D.F. Wilson, 8 Dec 1993. 1 specimen, AM W26395, Murrays Beach, Jervis Bay, ACT, 35°07.5'S 150°45.5'E, 9 m, P.A. Hutchings, 23 Jan 1973. 1 specimen, AM W26396, west side of Bowen Island, half way along,ACT, 35°06.91'S 150°45.91'E, light-grey sponge, 6 m, P.Serov & G.D.F. Wilson, 7 Dec 1993. 1 specimen, AM W26397, west side of Bowen Island, half way along, ACT, 35°06.91'S 150°45.91'E, grey sponge with orange flesh, large oscular chamber, 8 m, P.Serov & G.D.F. Wilson on “Sula”, 7 Dec 1993. VICTORIA. 1 specimen, MV F87424, Geelong Arm, Port Phillip Bay, 38°09.3'S 144°42.7'E, sand and seagrass, 3 m depth, 11 Jun 1971. 8 specimens, MV F62033, Eastern Bass Strait, 11.7 km W of Pt. Ricardo, coarse sand, 5 m depth, 4 Jun 1991. TASMANIA. 1 specimen,AM W18197, Fancy Point, Bruny Island, 43°16'S 147°19'E, in algae, 3–6 m, G. Edgar, 10 Nov 1980. 2 specimens, AM W18196, Fancy Point, Bruny Island, 43°16'S 147°19'E, in algae, 3–6 m, G. Edgar, 05 Mar 1979. SOUTH AUSTRALIA. 1 specimen, AM W26751, Elliston Reef, 33°39'S 134°53'E, algae from reef flat at low tide, P.A. Hutchings, 11 Mar 1979. 1 specimen, AM W26752, Victor Harbour, 35°33'S 138°38'E, algae, P.A. Hutchings, 16 Mar 1979. 1 specimen, AM W26753, Victor Harbour, 35°33'S 138°38'E, Zostera washings, P.A. Hutchings, 16 Mar 1979. 3 specimens, AM W26756, Elliston Reef, 33°39'S 134°53'E, algae from reef flat at low tide, P.A. Hutchings, 11 Mar 1979. WESTERN AUSTRALIA. 1 specimen, AM W26413, off end of South Mole, Arthur Head, Fremantle, 32°03'S 115°44'E, orange tunicates, 6 m, J.K. Lowry, 25 Dec 1983. 4 specimens, AM W26801, Red Bluff, Kalbarri, 27°42'S 114°09'E, rocky shore, dictyotalean from cave, 4 m, J.K. Lowry, 10 Jan 1984. 1 specimen, AM W26824, Red Bluff, Kalbarri, 27°42'S 114°09'E, mixed brown algae from rocky shore, 4 m, R.T. Springthorpe, 10 Jan 1984. 1 specimen, AM W26827, Red Bluff, Kalbarri, 27°42'S 114°09'E, round-leaved seagrass in shallow sand on rock, 4 m, R.T. Springthorpe, 10 Jan 1984. 1 specimen, AM W26836, west of Penguin Island, Warnbro Sound, 32°20'S 115°43'E, dead reef sponges, 5 m, P.A. Hutchings, 21 Mar 1993. 2 specimens, AM W27025, Goss Passage, Beacon Island, 28°25.5'S 113°47.0'E, dead branching coral substrate covered in coralline algae, 10 m, P.A. Hutchings, 18 May 1994. 1 specimen, AM W27026, Goss Passage, Beacon Island, 28°25.5'S 113°47.0'E, dead Acropora with sponges, ascidians, coralline algae, 32 m, P.A. Hutchings, 19 May 1994. 4 specimens, AM W27027, Goss Passage, Beacon Island, 28°25.5'S 113°47.0'E, dead Acropora with sponges, ascidians, coralline algae, 23 m, P.A. Hutchings, 19 May 1994. 49 specimens, AM W27028, Goss Passage, Beacon Island, 28°25.5'S 113°47.0'E, dead Acropora plates covered in coralline algae, 8 m, P.A. Hutchings, 19 May 1994. 10 specimens, AM W27029, Goss Passage, Beacon Island, 28°25.5'S 113°47.0'E, dead Acropora plates covered in coralline algae, 20 m, P.A. Hutchings, 20 May 1994. 15 specimens, AM W27030, Goss Passage, Beacon Island, 28°25.5'S 113°47.0'E, dead coral plates covered in coralline algae, 20 m, P.A. Hutchings, 22 May 1994. 2 specimens, AM W27031, north end of Long Island, Goss Passage, 28°28.3'S 113°46.3'E, dead coral covered with coralline algae & boring bivalves, 8 m, C. Bryce, 22 May 1994. 6 specimens, AM W27032, north end of Long Island, 28°27.9'S 113°46.3'E, dead coral substrate with coralline & brown algae, 6 m, C. Bryce, 22 May 1994. 1 specimen, AM W27033, southeast end of Long Island, 28°28.8'S 113°46.5'E, dead coral substrate with coralline algae, 8 m, P.A. Hutchings, 22 May 1994. 1 specimen, AM W27034, Goss Passage, Beacon Island, 28°25.5'S 113°47.0'E, dead coral substrate embedded in fine sediment, 33 m, P.A. Hutchings, 23 May 1994. 2 specimens, AM W27035, off jetty near Fisheries Hut, Beacon Island, 28°25.5'S 113°47.0'E, dead plate coral substrate— Acropora , Montipora spp. , 12 m, P.A. Hutchings, 23 May 1994. 4 specimens, AM W27036, east side of West Wallabi Island, 28°27.9'S 113°40.9'E, in Posidonia australis root mat with epifauna, 2 m, P.A. Hutchings, 26 May 1994. 1 specimen, AM W27037, northeast entrance to Goss Passage, Beacon Island, 28°27.8'S 113°46.7'E, dead branching Acropora substrate covered with algae, 24 m, P.A. Hutchings, 25 May 1994. 9 specimens, AM W27038, northeast entrance to Goss Passage, Beacon Island, 28°27.9'S 113°46.7'E, dead plate-like Acropora covered with coralline algae, 8 m, P.A. Hutchings, 25 May 1994. 8 specimens, AM W27039, off south end of Long Island, Beacon Island, 28°28.8'S 113°46.3'E, dead coral substrate covered in coralline algae, 5 m, P.A. Hutchings, 25 May 1994.

Description. Body long, slender, filiform, 7 mm long, 0.11– 0.12 mm wide, 43 chaetigers. Prostomium ovate to semicircular; 4 eyes in trapezoidal arrangement.Antennae longer than palps and longer than prostomium but shorter than prostomium and palps together, cylindrical to claviform, slightly enlarged distally, inserted separately near anterior margin of prostomium (Fig. 95A); median antenna slightly longer than lateral antennae. Palps broad, relatively short, similar in length to prostomium or shorter. Peristomium slightly shorter than following segments; tentacular cirri minute, papilliform (Fig. 95A). Dorsal cirri ovoid, small, longer than tentacular cirri, absent on chaetiger 2 (Fig. 95A). Parapodia each with 3–4, occasionally up to 6, compound chaetae with distally spinose shafts and filiform, smooth, unidentate blades; blades partially fused to shafts (Fig. 95E), 12–8 µm long. Dorsal simple chaetae from anterior parapodia, distally provided with several spines, ending in acute tip, with a subdistal tooth (Fig. 95D). Ventral simple chaetae on posterior parapodia, sigmoid, smooth on margin, with acute tip, provided with subdistal spines surrounding tip, one longer and thicker than others (Fig. 95C). Acicula solitary, distally enlarged. Pharynx through 3 segments; pharyngeal tooth on anterior rim (Fig. 95A). Proventricle through 2 segments, with 14–16 muscle cell rows. Pygidium with 2 long anal cirri (Fig. 95B).

Remarks. The species E. spinisetosa appears to be synonymous with this species; material identified as E. spinisetosa by Hartmann-Schröder (HZM P-18805), previously examined, are identical with E. fustifera.

Distribution. Australia (all States).

Habitat. Present on all substrates on intertidal and shallow waters.