Physocephala kroeberi, Stuke & Clements, 2019

Stuke, Jens-Hermann & Clements, David K., 2019, New conopid records from the Afrotropical Region (Diptera) - Part 3: Physocephalini, Bonn zoological Bulletin 68 (2), pp. 209-273 : 244-245

publication ID	https://doi.org/10.20363/BZB-2019.68.2.209
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:70A02482-0040-4136-ABB0-9C840A4D771A
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/173187E9-DD33-FFEA-25F2-4E0AFCF063A8
treatment provided by	Felipe
scientific name	Physocephala kroeberi
status

Treatment

Key 6 – Identification of the Physocephala microvena View in CoL species-group

1. Face with deep black stripe extending from antennal base to mouth edge, clearly separated from yellow lateral part of facial groove (e.g. Fig. 92 View Figs 91–93 ); hind femur with a wide blackish ring in apical half, fore and middle femora with distinct black spots (e.g. Fig. 91 View Figs 91–93 ); dusting stripe on pleura not evident; vertex almost entirely covered with long setulae and with a roughened surface, although lacking longitudinal grooves; margin of scutum and scutellum light orange to brown (e.g. Fig. 91 View Figs 91–93 ); cell r 2+3 completely brown (e.g. Fig. 93 View Figs 91–93 )................................................. 2

– Face sometimes black but never with such a distinct and deep black stripe; femora without such black markings; other characters variable but never in the above combination .................................................. 3 2. Discal-medial-cubital crossvein not completely surrounded by brown colouration ( Fig. 93 View Figs 91–93 ); radial-medial crossvein usually absent, radius and media fused ( Fig. 93 View Figs 91–93 ); scape and pedicel light orange ( Fig. 91 View Figs 91–93 ); tarsi concolourous with tibiae, orange-brown ( Fig. 91 View Figs 91–93 ); proboscis completely orange to brown, lacking contrasting black labellum ( Fig. 91 View Figs 91–93 ); scutum anteriorly with submedial pair of dull lines caused by microtrichia; ♂ tergites 3–5 densely dusted (anterior view), tergite 2 densely dusted (posterior view) and with a complete dusting band at its hind margin; ♂ epandrium with isolated black tooth submedially on posterior margin .................... P. kroeberi View in CoL nom. nov.

– Discal-medial-cubital crossvein completely surrounded by brown colouration; radial-medial crossvein developed, radius and media therefore separated; scape and pedicel mainly black to dark brown; tarsi distinctly darker than tibiae; proboscis black in apical half; scutum anteriorly lacking submedial pair of dull lines caused by microtrichia; ♂ tergite 3 only lightly dusted, tergite 2 lacking dusting band at hind margin; no obvious black tooth submedially on posterior margin of ♂ epandrium....................... P. discalis (Camras, 1962) View in CoL

3. ♂ narrow base of abdomen (from tergite 1 to end of parallel-sided anterior part of tergite 3, Fig. 75 View Fig ) only about half as long as the broad apical part of the abdomen; ♀ unknown ....... P. brevipetiola (Camras, 1962)

– Narrow base of abdomen (as measured above, e.g. Figs 78 View Figs 76–83 , 94 View Figs 94–101 ) more than half as long as the broad apical part of the abdomen ...................................... 4

4. ♂ abdominal segments short, hind margin of tergite 3 almost as long as lateral margin (e.g. Fig. 78 View Figs 76–83 ); ♂ tergites 4–5 densely dusted (anterior view); tergite 3 sometimes densely dusted (usually in posterior view) and has a complete dusting band at its hind margin (e.g. Fig. 78 View Figs 76–83 ); ♀ abdomen obviously narrows apically in dorsal view (e.g. Fig. 76 View Figs 76–83 ); ♀ theca small, not projecting far ventrally (e.g. Fig. 77 View Figs 76–83 ); ♂ epandrium with isolated black tooth submedially on posterior margin (e.g. Fig. 82 View Figs 76–83 ); epandrium in dorsal view as e.g. Fig. 82 View Figs 76–83 ; radial-medial crossvein sometimes short but is always distinct; costa and subcosta usually orange-brown; cell r 2+3 completely brown (e.g. Fig. 83 View Figs 76–83 ); proboscis orange to brown, with contrasting black labellum; legs including tarsi orange-brown; face with more or less large brown to black mark; gena typically light brown, darker than yellow parafacia; frons with a more or less obvious brown mark reaching from vertex to base of antennae; scutum with three fused or separated blackish spots, margin of scutum and scutellum always light orange (e.g. Fig. 81 View Figs 76–83 ); scutum anteriorly may have submedial dull lines caused by microtrichia (e.g. Fig. 81 View Figs 76–83 ); where such lines occur, the distance between them is almost as wide as the lines themselves ............................... 5

– ♂ abdominal segments usually longer, hind margin of tergite 3 shorter than lateral margin (e. g. Figs 94 View Figs 94–101 , 106 View Figs 106–107 ); ♂ tergites 3–4 hardly to distinctly dusted, tergite 2 at most indistinctly dusted and may lack a complete dusting band at its hind margin (e. g. Figs 94 View Figs 94–101 , 106 View Figs 106–107 ); ♀ abdomen not obviously narrowing apically in dorsal view (e.g. Fig. 95 View Figs 94–101 ); ♀ theca always larger, and usually projecting further ventrally (e.g. Fig. 96 View Figs 94–101 ); ♂ epandrium lacking black tooth, or with tooth situated on an elongated blackish keel on posterior margin (e.g. Fig. 101 View Figs 94–101 ); epandrium in dorsal view sometimes different; radial-medial crossvein sometimes completely absent (e.g. Fig. 101 View Figs 94–101 ); costa and subcosta sometimes dark brown like other veins; cell r 2+3 may be hyaline in apical third; proboscis sometimes completely brown to black, lacking a distinctly darker labellum; legs and tarsi sometimes completely black, or with obvious black markings; face sometimes completely yellow to orange-brown; gena sometimes yellow or orange-brown like parafacia; frons may have no dark marking, or is sometimes almost completely black to brown; margins of scutum and scutellum sometimes black or dark brown; scutum anteriorly with or without submedial dull lines caused by microtrichia. Where such lines occur these are only separated very narrowly (e.g. Fig. 99 View Figs 94–101 )............................................. 6

5. Three separate blackish spots on scutum ( Figs 103, 105 View Figs 102–105 ); ♀ theca about as broad as width of tergite 7 ( Fig. 102 View Figs 102–105 ), posterior surface with strong black setulae less dense so that the underlying surface is visible, ventral margin and posterior surface with long setae irregularly arranged; ♀ postabdomen elongated in side view, apical tergites tapered in dorsal view ( Figs 102–104 View Figs 102–105 ) .................... P. platycephala (Loew, 1853)

– Black spots on scutum more or less fused ( Fig. 81 View Figs 76–83 ); ♀ theca narrower than width of tergite 7 ( Fig. 77 View Figs 76–83 ), posterior surface with strong black setulae densely packed so as to obscure underlying surface, ventrolateral margin with long setae regularly arranged in a line, about the same distance from each other; ♀ postabdomen not obviously elongated in side view, apical tergites sharply narrowed in dorsal view ( Figs 76–77 View Figs 76–83 ) .......... P. constricta Kröber, 1915

6. Vertex usually with distinct longitudinal grooves and always lacking distinct dense punctiform indentations (cf Fig. 87 View Figs 84–90 ); cell r 2+3 completely brown (e.g. Fig. 107 View Figs 106–107 ); radial-medial crossvein sometimes completely absent, and radius and media fused (e.g. Fig. 107 View Figs 106–107 ); frons with a delimited black to light brown marking from vertex to base of antennae, becoming narrower anteriorly; ♀ theca short and broad, field of black setae on sternite 4 about three times as broad as long (e.g. Figs 96, 97 View Figs 94–101 ); ♀ tergite 6 obviously shorter than tergite 4 in side view (e.g. Fig. 96 View Figs 94–101 ).................. 7

– Vertex usually lacking longitudinal grooves but with distinct dense punctiform indentations (e.g. Fig. 87 View Figs 84–90 ); cell r 2+3 sometimes hyaline apically (e.g. Fig. 89 View Figs 84–90 ); radial-medial crossvein usually present (although may be very short) and therefore media and radius not touching (e.g. Fig. 89 View Figs 84–90 ); frons sometimes almost completely darkened; ♀ theca longer and narrower, field of black setae of sternite 4 at most about two times as broad as long; ♀ tergite 6 obviously longer than tergite 4 in side view (e.g. Figs 73 View Figs 71–74 , 88 View Figs 84–90 ) ........... 8

7. Dusting stripe on pleura more or less distinct, reaching from middle coxa to notopleuron; margin of scutum and scutellum orange and distinctly delimited from blackish central scutum; scutum anteriorly with submedial dull lines caused by microtrichia ( Fig. 99 View Figs 94–101 ); abdomen partly orange-brown to light brown, grading into dark brown or blackish areas ( Figs 94, 95 View Figs 94–101 ); tergites 3 and 4 with distinct dusted hind margins or strongly dusted all over, tergite 5 and protandrium (♂) or tergite 6 (♀) completely dusted (all in dorsal view, Fig. 94, 95 View Figs 94–101 ); ♂ epandrium with distinct black tooth standing on an elongated blackish keel on posterior margin ( Fig. 101 View Figs 94–101 ) ....................................... ..................................... P. microvena Brunetti, 1925

– Dusting stripe on pleura absent or only poorly developed; margin of scutum and scutellum completely black or dark brown, and not obviously delimited from black centre ( Fig. 106 View Figs 106–107 ); scutum anteriorly lacking submedial dull lines caused by microtrichia; abdomen uniformly blackish to dark brown ( Fig. 106 View Figs 106–107 ); tergite 3 may have an indistinctly dusted hind margin, abdomen otherwise shining to only very lightly dusted; ♂ epandrium not examined .......... P. pseudomicrovena Kröber, 1939

8. Smaller species, wing length less than 7 mm ............

......................................... P. digitata (Speiser, 1909) – Larger species, wing length about 8 mm ................ 9

9. Face yellow, without dark spot ( Fig. 72 View Figs 71–74 ); gena sometimes completely brown, in all specimens examined there is at least some brownish colouration; pleura lightly dusted all over but without obvious dense dusting; scutum anteriorly without submedial dull lines caused by microtrichia; tergite 3 lacking large silver dusting spots in posterior lateral corners; discal-medial-cubital crossvein more or less brown infuscated ( Figs 71, 74 View Figs 71–74 ); ♀ theca exceptionally long ( Fig. 73 View Figs 71–74 )......................... P. abyssinica Kröber, 1915

– Face with dark spot; gena sometimes completely yellow, at most with some brown colouration but never completely brown; katepisternum strongly silver dusted in posterolateral corner; scutum anteriorly with submedial dull lines caused by microtrichia; tergite 3 with large silver dusted spots in posterior lateral corners; discal-medial-cubital crossvein not brown infuscated in the specimens examined; ♀ theca not exceptionally long................ .................................. P. maculifacies Camras, 2001