Karnyothrips flavipes (Jones)

Okajima, Shûji & Masumoto, Masami, 2025, Review of the genus Karnyothrips (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripidae) from Asia between India and Japan, Zootaxa 5578 (1), pp. 1-82 : 32-34

publication ID	https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5578.1.1
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:514828B9-1890-4E23-B0C9-5317E503164C
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1317878E-FFB0-FFDE-D980-FB6CFBD2E626
treatment provided by	Plazi
scientific name	Karnyothrips flavipes (Jones)
status

Treatment

Karnyothrips flavipes (Jones) View in CoL

( Figs 1–2 View FIGURES 1–5 , 18 View FIGURES 6–20 , 86–91 View FIGURES 86–91 )

Anthothrips flavipes Jones, 1912: 18–19 View in CoL .

Karnyothrips flavipes (Jones) View in CoL ; Hood: 1927, 175.

Karnyothrips fungulus Ananthakrishnan, 1973: 38 View in CoL . Syn. n.

Xylaplothrips palmerae Chen, 1980: 178–179 View in CoL . Syn. n.

This species, the type-species of the genus, was originally described from California, U.S.A. It is now widespread around the world, and is known to be a predator of scale insects, but commonly found on the dead branches instead of bamboos or grasses at least in Asia. Usually macropterous females are found, but there is a micropterous female collected from Taiwan in the collection of TUA listed below. It is indistinguishable from macropterous females except for more or less smaller eyes and ocelli. Two males are recorded from Taiwan without detailed data ( Mound & Marullo 1996) and recorded below are four macropterous males, one from Flores , Indonesia, and three from Taiwan. They are very similar to macropterous female in color and structure, but the maxillary stylets ( Fig. 87 View FIGURES 86–91 ) are slightly wider apart than those of females ( Fig. 86 View FIGURES 86–91 ) .

There is one enigmatic species. Ananthakrishnan (1973) described K. fungulus based on seven females taken from southern India. Although this valid name has been referred to by some authors (Ananthakrishnan & Sen 1980; Sen, Pramanik & Sen Gupta 1988; Bhatti 2004; Okajima 2006), it was not mentioned by Pitkin (1976) nor in the latest checklist of Indian Thysanoptera, ( Tyagi et al. 2016) , nor in ThripsWiki (2023). However, there is a paratype female of fungulus in TUA listed below. As suggested by Okajima (2006, p. 388), fungulus is difficult to distinguish from flavipes , and it is here considered to be a new synonym.

Xylaplothrips palmerae View in CoL was described based on three macropterous females taken from Morus View in CoL twigs in Taiwan, and subsequently transferred to Karnyothrips ( Dang et al., 2014) View in CoL . Unfortunately, the type specimens are unavailable for this study, but it is indistinguishable from K. flavipes View in CoL according to the original description. We examined a long series of several Karnyothrips species collected from Taiwan, and confirmed that only K. flavipes View in CoL was completely consistent with the description in color and structure. K. formosanus sp. n. and K. quadriconus sp. n. described below from Taiwan are also very similar to the description of palmerae View in CoL , but these two have the mesopresternum divided into two lateral triangles ( Fig. 94 View FIGURES 92–97 ), not boat-shaped.

K. flavicornis View in CoL from the Ryukyu Islands, Japan, is closely related to this species, but has antennal segment III clear yellow. K. vietnamensis from Vietnam is also closely related to flavipes View in CoL , but has antennal segment III with three sense cones and antennal segments III–V largely yellow. Moreover, in flavipes View in CoL the sense cone formula of antennal segment IV varies, either three (1+2 +1) or four (2+2 +1) sense cones.

Diagnosis. Dark brown species; femora dark brown, tibiae brown with apices yellowish, sometimes paler; antenna brown to dark brown, segment III brownish at apical half, yellowish at basal half ( Fig. 91 View FIGURES 86–91 ), segments IV–VIII gradually darkened distally. Antennal segment VIII conical ( Fig. 90 View FIGURES 86–91 ), not constricted basally, widely fused to VII; segment III with two (1+1) sense cones, IV with three (1+2 +1) or four (2+2 +1) sense cones. Maxillary stylets about one-third of head width apart ( Figs 86 & 87 View FIGURES 86–91 ). Notopleural sutures complete. Mesopresternum usually not divided, transverse; prospinasternum moderately large ( Fig. 88 View FIGURES 86–91 ). Tergite IX S1 setae expanded, shorter than tube, S2 setae pointed, much longer than tube. Tube about 0.6 times as long as head; terminal setae about 0.2 times as long as tube.

Specimens-examined (There are numerous specimens in TUA collection, including the following). India, 1 paratype female (mac.) of K. fungulus, Devikulam , on dry twigs, 9.ix.1970 , T. N. Ananthakrishnan . Indonesia, 3 females (mac.), Bali Is., Peliatan , alt. about 220m, on dead leaves and branches, 24.vii.1984 , SO; 1 female (mac.), Java, Melanting, Singo Sari , ca 570m alt., 23.viii.2005 , SO; 6 females (mac.), South Celebes (= Sulawesi), 11km E from Marino , alt. about 1500m, on dead branches, 2.viii.1984 , SO; 1 male (mac.), Flores Is., Manggarai, Gololoni , 1225 alt., on dead branches, 25.viii.2006 , SO. Peninsular Malaysia, 1 female (mac.), Tapah , on dead leaves, 26.vii.1976 , SO. Thailand, 1 female (mac.), Bangkok, Bangkhen, Campus of Kasetsart Univrsity , NBCRC, on dead branches, 26.xii.1987 , SO; 4 females (mac.), Phuket Is., Rang Hill , on dead leaves and branches, 14.ix.1992 , SO; 2 females (mac.), nr. Chiang Mai, Ka Jan , on dead leaves and branches, 3.ix.1992 , SO; 3 females (mac.), nr. Chiang Mai, Doi Pui , on dead leaves and branches, 1.ix.1992 , TN. Vietnam, 1 female (mac.), Lao Cai Prov., Sa Pa , on dead leaves and branches, 6.viii.2000 , SO. Taiwan, 2 female (mac.) and 3 males (mac.), Taipei Hsien, Mt. Tatung shan, on dead leaves, 4.iv.1984 , SO; 1 female (mac.), Chiai Hsien, Kuantzulin , on dead leaves and branches, 1.iv.1993 , TN & SO; Nanou Hsien, Nanshanchi, on dead branches, 1 female (mic.), 24.iii.1984, 13 females (mac.), 30.iii.1984, SO; 11 females (mac.), same locality as above, on dead leaves and branches, 29.viii.1993 , TN & SO. Japan, many females from both temperate and subtropical areas (see Okajima 2006, p. 387–388).