Abies alba, Miller

Tutin, T. G., Heywood, V. H., Burges, N. A., Moore, D. M., Valentine, D. H., Walters, S. M. & Webb, D. A., 1964, Flora Europaea - Volume 1. Lycopodiaceae to Platanaceae, Cambridge University Press : 30

6. A. alba Miller , Gard. Diet. ed. 8, no. 1 (1768)

( A. pectinata (Lam.) DC. ).

Up to 50 m; crown pyramidal; trunk stout. Young twigs densely pubescent; buds not resinous. Leaves on the sides of twigs spreading horizontally; those on the upper surface pointing outwards and upwards, leaving a distinct parting. Leaves 15-30 x 1-5-2 mm, thick, flexible, emarginate at apex; resin-canals marginal. Cones 1 0-2 0x3-4 cm; bracts exserted, deflexed. 2/7 = 24. • Forming forests in the mountains o f C. Europe, extending to the Pyrenees and adjacent mountains o f N. Spain (Montseny), S. Italy and Macedonia with outlying lowland forests in W. France (Normandie), and E. Poland (Bialowieza). Plantedfor timber in N. & W. Europe. Al Au Bu Co Cz G a Ge G r He Hs H u It Ju Po Rm [Be Br D a Lu N o Su]. A. pardei Gaussen , Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Toulouse 57: 357 (1929), is cultivated in France, and may perhaps occur wild in Calabria, it is very like A. alba , but has median resin-canals.