Abies nordmanniana, (Steven) Spach

Tutin, T. G., Heywood, V. H., Burges, N. A., Moore, D. M., Valentine, D. H., Walters, S. M. & Webb, D. A., 1964, Flora Europaea - Volume 1. Lycopodiaceae to Platanaceae, Cambridge University Press : 30

5. A. nordmanniana (Steven) Spach , Hist. Vég. (Phan.) 11: 418 (1842).

Up to 70 m; trunk stout. Young twigs sparsely pubescent, buds not resinous. Leaves on the upper surface of the twigs spreading forwards and upwards, not leaving a parting. Leaves 15-35 x 1-5-2 mm, emarginate; resin-canals marginal. Cones 12-18 x 4-5 cm; bracts exserted and deflexed. Planted for timber in C. Europe and occasionally elsewhere. [Au Cz D a It Lu Rm Su Tu.] (IF. Caucasus, N. Anatolial)