Abies pinsapo, Boiss.

Tutin, T. G., Heywood, V. H., Burges, N. A., Moore, D. M., Valentine, D. H., Walters, S. M. & Webb, D. A., 1964, Flora Europaea - Volume 1. Lycopodiaceae to Platanaceae, Cambridge University Press : 30

9. A. pinsapo Boiss. , Biblioth. Univ. Genève ser. 2, 13: 402, 406 (1838).

Up to 30 m, crown pyramidal; trunk stout. Young twigs glabrous; buds resinous. Leaves patent, spreading evenly all round twigs. Leaves 10-15 mm, thick, rigid, acute; resin-canals median. Cones 10-16 x 3-4 cm; bracts less than half as long as cone-scales, included. North-facing slopes on limestone mountains between 1000 and 2000 m. © S.W. Spain (near Ronda). Occasionally planted for timber elsewhere. Hs [Au Lu].

A. x insignis Carrière ex Bailly , Revue Hort. (Paris) 1890: 230 (1890), a hybrid between 9 and 5, first raised in France in 1872, is very common as an ornamental tree in parks throughout Europe. It is like 9 but the young twigs are pubescent, the leaves are 10-33 x 1-5-2-5 mm, acute or obtuse, less dense, and often leaving a parting on the under side of the twigs, the cones are 11-20 x 3-5-5 cm, and at least the lower bracts are slightly exserted.