Aporrectodea trapezoides (Dugès, 1828)

Marchán, Daniel F., Piris, Alberto, Tilikj, Natasha, Mautuit, Alejandro Martínez Navarro Ambre, Kutuzovic, Davorka Hackenberger, Decaëns, Tibaud, Novo, Marta & Csuzdi, Csaba, 2025, Mediterranean conquerors: neotypification and phylogeography of the widely distributed earthworms Aporrectodea trapezoides and Octodrilus complanatus (Lumbricidae: Crassiclitellata), Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 203 (3) : -

Aporrectodea trapezoides (Dugès, 1828)

Synonymy

Lumbricus trapezoides Dugès 1828: 289 .

Lumbricus capensis Kinberg 1867: 100 .

Lumbricus novaehollandiae Kinberg 1867: 99 .

Allolobophora caliginosa trapezoides — Rosa 1893.—Zicsi and Michalis

1981: 248.—Zicsi 1982: 440.—Michalis 1982: 51; 1987: 62.

Allolobophora beddardi —Ribaucourt 1896: 53, non Allolobophora beddardi Michaelsen 1894 .

Helodrilus ( Allolobophora) caliginosus trapezoides — Michaelsen 1900: 483.

Dendrobaena samarigera var. graeca —Černosvitov 1938: 191.

Allolobophora iowana —Evans 1948: 515.

Allolobophora caliginosa forma trapezoides —Omodeo 1956: 335. Nicodrilus caliginosus meridionalis —Bouché 1972 (part): 334.

Aporrectodea ( Aporrectodea) caliginosa trapezoides —Zicsi 1985: 330.— Mršić and Šapkarev 1988: 29.

Nicodrilus trapezoides —Perez Onteniente and Rodriguez Babio 2009: 212.

Aporrectodea trapezoides Mediterranean lineage/lineage II— Fernández et al. 2012 (part): 376.

Neotype

Clitellate specimen. France, Occitanie , Hérault , Montpellier , Jardin des Plantes (Botanical Garden) 43.615ºN, 3.871ºE. 12 June 2022. Collectors: Ambre Mautuit, Alan vergnes, Mathias Brand, Louise Eydoux, Jerome Cortet, Annick Lucas, Sandra Barantal, and Quilina Laffranchi. Deposited in Musée national d’Histoire naturelle (Paris). BOLD sample ID EW-AM-0001.

Additional material

France, Occitanie , Hérault , Montpellier , Jardin des Plantes (Botanical Garden) 43.615ºN, 3.871ºE. 12 June 2022. Collectors: Ambre Mautuit, Alan Vergnes, Mathias Brand, Louise Eydoux, Jerome Cortet, Annick Lucas, Sandra Barantal, and Quilina Laffranchi. Deposited in Musée national d’Histoire naturelle (Paris) . BOLD sample IDs: EW-AM-0002, EW-AM-0005, EW-AM-0006, EW-AM-0150, EW-AM-0151, and EW-AM-0152.

Description of neotype

Eoternal morphology: Body pigmentation absent in ethanol-fixed specimen ( Fig. 4). Length (fixed specimen) 7.2 cm; body cylindrical in cross-section, slightly flatened tail; number of segments 165. Weight (fixed specimen): 0.99 g. Prostomium epilobous, closed. Transverse furrows from segment 7, faint.First dorsal pore at intersegmental furrow (7/8) 8/9. Nephridial pores aligned close to seta b. Spermathecal pores at intersegmental furrows 9/10 and 10/ 11 in c. Male pores in segment 15, surrounded by a well-developed porophore reaching 1/2 14 and 1/2 16. Female pores on segment 14 above seta b, inconspicuous. Clitellum saddle-shaped in segments 26–34. Linear tubercula pubertatis in segments 31–33, slightly widened ventrally at both ends. Chaetae closely paired, aa 6, ab 1, bc 4, cd 0.8, and dd 15. Strongly developed chaetophores/genital papillae in segments 9, 10, and 11; smaller genital papillae in segments 28, 30, 32, 33, and 34.

Internal anatomy: Septa 6/7–9/10 thickened. Lateral hearts in segments 6–11. Calciferous glands in segments 1/2 10–14, with paired diverticula in 10. Crop in segments 15–16, gizzard in segments 17–18. Typhlosole pennate (composed of transverse folds resembling ribs) from the start to segment 35, trifid (composed of three longitudinal lamellae) from that point to the end ( Fig. 4). Male sexual system holandric; testes and funnels (not enclosed in testes sacs, but with sperm present) located ventrally in segments 10 and 11; seminal funnels lack iridescence. Well-developed epididymis in segments 11 and 12 ( Fig. 4). Four pairs of reniform seminal vesicles in segments 9, 10, 11, and 12, with the later two pairs being larger. Ovaries and female funnels in segment 13; ovarian receptacles (ovisacs) in segment 14. Two pairs of globular spermathecae in segments 9 and 10, empty. Nephridial bladders inverted J-shaped, reclinate in anterior and posterior segments.

Variability shown by additional material: Length (fixed specimens): 5.3–7 cm (average 5.88 cm). Number of segments: 130–164 (average 146). Weight (fixed specimens): 0.62–0.90 g (average 0.72 g). First dorsal pore, segment 7/8–8/9. Clitellum, segments 26–34 or (26)27–34; tubercula pubertatis, segments 31–33 or 31––1/ n 34.

Remarks

Specimens belonging to the same clade as the neotype (thus considered Aporrectodea trapezoides s.s.) can be found around the world, in France, Spain, Portugal, Algeria, Italy, Serbia, Egypt, Turkey, Jordan, Israel, South Africa, India, South Korea, Japan, Australia, USA, and Canada, mostly under latitude 46 °.

Tis cluster included other sequences from Spain, Portugal, and Algeria belonging to the Mediterranean lineage (lineage II) of Fernández et al. (2012) and De Sosa et al. (2017).