Casearia lasiophylla Eichler (1871: 468)

Conceição, Lázaro Henrique Soares De Moraes, Marquete, Ronaldo, Lima, Laura Cristina Pires, Caxambu, Marcelo Galeazzi & Temponi, Lívia Godinho, 2025, Salicaceae of Parque Nacional do Iguaçu, Paraná, Brazil, Phytotaxa 682 (1), pp. 51-67 : 57-58

4. Casearia lasiophylla Eichler (1871: 468) ( Fig. 2 i ; 3 a–b ; 4 b–d )

Description: —Trees, treelets or shrubs, 3.5–7 m high, unarmed, branches slightly striate, brown, glabrous at the base and tomentose to pubescent at the apex, lenticellate; stipules 5–6.5(–7) × (1–) 1.5–2 mm, lanceolate, rarely oblanceolate, tomentose, margin glabrate, glands in the margin absent. Leaves discolorous; petiole (3–) 4–6 mm long, cylindrical in almost all extension, semicylindrical near the apex, pubescent to tomentose; blade 76–106(–135) × 31–42(–44) mm, narrowly elliptic to elliptic, rarely ovate or lanceolate, apex acute to acuminate, base cuneate to slightly oblique, rarely oblique, margin serrate, glands not observed, chartaceous to membranaceous, glabrescent adaxially, pubescent abaxially, translucent dots present, brochidodromus, midvein and secondary veins slightly sulcate adaxially, prominent abaxially, glands at the base of the leaf blade absent. Inflorescences fasciculate, bracts and bracteoles not observed. Flowers bisexual; pedicels 4–6.5(–8) mm long, articulated near the base, tomentose; sepals 5, (4.5–)5–6 × 1.5(–2) mm, lanceolate to oblong, both faces tomentose; petals absent; stamens 10, filaments ca. 3 mm long, pubescent at the base to medium region, apex glabrous, cylindrical, wider towards the base, anthers dorsifixed, rimose, with simple trichomes at the apex, apical gland of the anther present; lobes of the nectariferous disk conspicuous, 1–1.5 mm, clavate, tomentose, alternate to the filaments; ovary, 0.5–1 × 0.5–1 mm, spheroid, very broadly ovoid, pubescent, superior, 3 carpelate, unilocular, ovules numerous, placentation parietal, style ca. 3 mm long, pubescent, stigma capitate, pubescent. Fruit a capsule (6–)7–9 × (6–)6.5–8(–9) mm, spheroid, with sparse simple trichomes, opaque, regularly dehiscent, arile present, orange; seeds 4, 4 × 3–3.5 mm, yellowish, smooth; embryo spatulate 3.5 × (2.5–) 3 mm, cotyledonary leaves rounded at apex, base chordate, hypocotyl-radicle axis cylindrical.

Examined Material: — BRAZIL. PARANÁ: borda do Parque, Area 1, 25º3’32’’ S, 53º38’39’’ W, 21 November 2019, fr., L.H.S.M. Conceição & J.G. Wink 187 (UNOP!) ; cercanias da BR-277, Area 1, 25°05’45” S, 53°44’00” W, 21 August 2015, fl., M.G. Caxambu et al. 6802 (HCF!) .

Additional Material: — BRAZIL. PARANÁ: Cascavel, mata da FAG, área de visitação 2, 24º56’44’’ S, 53º30’36’’ W, 15 September 2016, fl., L.H.S.M. Conceição & G.H. Conceição 9 (UNOP!); mata da FAG, área de visitação 2, 24º56’44’’ S, 53º30’36’’ W, 4 August 2017, fl.,fr., L.H.S.M. Conceição et al. 23 (UNOP!); Parque Ecológico Paulo Gorski, 4 September 2015, fl., J.P. Borges & V. Borges 210 (UNOP!); Parque Ecológico Paulo Gorski, 8 August 2012, bt., J.P. Borges et al. 18 (UNOP!). BRAZIL, PARANÁ: Santa Tereza do Oeste, fragmento Flowerstal em zona rural, 9 November 2018, fr., L.H.S.M. Conceição et al. 90 (UNOP!).

Distribution and habitat: — Casearia lasiophylla is considered endemic to Brazil ( Marquete & Mansano 2016, Flora e Funga do Brasil 2024), however there are reports in Argentina ( Keller & Tressens 2007) that will be detailed in the discussion section. In the ParNa Iguaçu it occurs in area 1, in Montane Ombrophilous Mixed Forest.

Phenology: —Collected with flowers in August, and with fruits in October and November.

Diagnosis: — C. lasiophylla can be recognized by its pubescent leaves with translucent dots covered by trichomes and the serrate margin in its whole extension.

Preliminary Conservation Status: —This species has a wide distribution of occurrence in Brazil, including in Conservation Units, being therefore assessed as Least Concern – LC by CNCFlora (2012) but for IUCN (2024) this species has Data Deficient—DD status and require an update, because the last assessment was made in 1998.

Figures

FIGURE 2.A–C.Banara parviflora A.Branch with fruits, B. Detail of the fruits at different stagesof ripening, C.Detail of the indumentum of inflorescence branches. D–F. Banara tomentosa D. Panicle inflorescence, E. Detail of the fruits at different stages of ripening; F. Detail of the inflorescence branch indumentum. G–H. Casearia decandra G. Branch with ripe fruits, H. Detail of the translucent dots on the leaf blade. I. Casearia lasiophylla. Branch with fruits at different stages of ripening.

FIGURE 3. A–B. Casearia lasiophylla A. Detail of the translucent dots on the leaf blade, B. Detail of the fruits at different stages of ripening. C–D. Casearia sylvestris C. Branch with fascicle-like inflorescences, D. Detail of the translucent dots and traces on the leaf blade. E–F. Prockia crucis E. Inflorescence detail in raceme, F. Branch with ripe fruit detail.

FIGURE 4. A. Banara parviflora Bisexual flower showing ovary and tortuous filaments. B–D. Casearia lasiophylla B. Branch with fascicle-like inflorescences, C. Bisexual flower in lateral view showing the ovary with pubescent stigma and clavate lobes of the nectariferous disk, D. Detail of the anther with a tuft of simple trichomes at the apex. E. Prockia crucis Branch with inflorescences. F–H. Xylosma venosa F. Branch with fascicle-like inflorescences, G. Leaf in top view with the four glands at the base, H. Pistillate flower in lateral view showing the petiole with articulation in the upper third region.