Xylosma ciliatifolia ( Clos 1857: 223 ) Eichler (1871: 449)

Conceição, Lázaro Henrique Soares De Moraes, Marquete, Ronaldo, Lima, Laura Cristina Pires, Caxambu, Marcelo Galeazzi & Temponi, Lívia Godinho, 2025, Salicaceae of Parque Nacional do Iguaçu, Paraná, Brazil, Phytotaxa 682 (1), pp. 51-67 : 60-61

7. Xylosma ciliatifolia ( Clos 1857: 223) Eichler (1871: 449)

Description: —Trees 4 m; armed, branches striate, brown-grayish, branches glabrous at the base and sparse-pubescent near the apex, lenticellate; stipules not observed; Leaves discolorous; petiole 11–14 mm long, cylindrical, canaliculate in the adaxial surface, pubescent; blade 74–79 × 38–45 mm, elliptic, apex acute to slightly acuminate, base obtuse, margin serrate, glands slightly towards the abaxial surface, chartaceous, pubescent in both surfaces, translucent dots absent, cladodromous to slightly eucamptodromus, midvein and secondary veins slightly prominent in the adaxial surface, prominent in the abaxial surface, glands at the base of the leaf blade absent. Inflorescences fasciculate, bracts ca. 1.5 × 1.5 mm, very broadly ovate, external surface glabrous, internal surface glabrous, margin ciliate, bracteoles not observed. Flowers unisexual; pedicels 4–4.5 mm long, pubescent from the base to the articulation, glabrescent from the articulation to the apex, articulated in the lower third; Staminate flowers with sepals 4(5), 2 × 1.5–2 mm, ovate, widely ovate, external surface glabrous, internal surface pubescent, margin ciliate; petals absent; stamens 20, lobes of the nectariferous disk inconspicuous; Pistillate flowers with sepals 4(5), 2 × 1.5–2 mm, ovate, widely ovate, external surface glabrous, internal surface pubescent, margin ciliate; petals absent; lobes of the nectariferous disk inconspicuous; ovary ca. 2.5 × 2 mm, widely ovoid, glabrous, superior, 2 carpellate, unilocular, few ovules, placentation parietal, style 0.5 mm long, glabrous, stigma 2-lobed, puberulent; Fruit not observed; seeds not observed; embryo not observed.

Examined Material: — BRAZIL. PARANÁ: antiga estrada de Guarapuava, Area 2, 7 October 2015, fl., R. Cielo-Filho & R. Câmara 1741 (SPSF!).

Additional Material: — BRAZIL. PARANÁ: Cascavel, Parque Ecológico Paulo Gorski, 29 August 2013, fl., J. P. Borges 202 (UNOP!).

Distribution and habitat: — Xylosma ciliatifolia occurs in Venezuela, Guiana, Bolivia and Brazil, present in the

Northeast, Midwest, Southeast and South regions of the latter ( Torres & Ramos 2007, Flora e Funga do Brasil 2024). In the ParNa Iguaçu it occurs only in area 2, in Submontane Semideciduous Seasonal Forest.

Phenology: —Collected with flowers in October. Not yet collected with fruits in ParNa Iguaçu.

Diagnosis: — Xylosma ciliatifolia can be recognized by its spines, the pubescent leaves without glands at the base and by the unisexual flowers with 2-lobate stigma and pedicels articulated in the lower third.

Preliminary Conservation Status: —This species has a very wide distribution, EOO= 8,356.071 km ², as well as several records deposited in herbaria, including recent collections and confirmed occurrence in integral protection conservation units, this species is therefore assessed as Least Concern – LC (IUCN 2024).