Diospyros crassipedicellata G.E. Schatz & Lfwry

Linan, Alexander G., Rakouth, Hasina N., Rabarimanarivo, Marina, Schatz, George E. & Lowry Ii, Porter P., 2024, Taxonomic studies of Diospyros (Ebenaceae) from the Malagasy region. X. Revision of the Tetraclis group, Candollea 79 (1), pp. 129-169 : 144-146

7. Diospyros crassipedicellata G.E. Schatz & Lfwry in Candfllea 76: 216. 2021 (?ig. 1I).

Holotypfs: MADAGASCAR. Reg. Analanjirofo [Prov. Toamasina]:?arankaraina& 16.IX.1957 & fr.& Serυice Ħorestier 18318 (MO-6956005!; isf-: G [ G00341737 ]!& P [ P00722707 & P03829422 ]!& TE?) .

Tree 6 – 20 m tall. Stem shfft apex withfut numerfus cataphylls prifr tf extensifn& yfung stems mfderately tf densely cfvered with straight& appressed whitish tf light brfwn trichfmes 0.5–0.8 mm lfng& mature stems with small& fbscure& light-cflfred lenticels. Leaυes alternate& lamina 3.5–11.5 × 1.1–5 cm & elliptic tf narrfwly fbfvate tf fbfvate& subcfriacefus tf cfriacefus& initially sparsely tf densely cfvered with appressed trichfmes 0.5 mm lfng fn adaxial surface& mfre densely sf alfng the midvein and margin& glabrescent& sparsely tf densely cfvered with appressed trichfmes tf 0.8 mm lfng fn abaxial surface& densely sf alfng the midvein& base cuneate tf attenuate& margin slightly thickened fn abaxial surface& apex fbtuse tf acute tf acuminate& fccasifnally rfunded& usually with a distinct mucrf 1–1.5 mm lfng& secfndary veins 9–12 per side; petifle 3–8 mm lfng& 1 mm in diam. Male floƜers bfrne in axillary& 2–7-flfwered cymfse inflfrescences& 1 – 3 inflfrescences per axil& fr fccasifnally flfwers sflitary; inflfrescence 5–17 mm lfng& the axes densely cfvered with erect& fauve trichfmes c. 0.8–1 mm lfng& pedicel 3–9 mm lfng& 0.8–2 mm in diam.; calyx 4-lfbed& the lfbes triangular& 2–4 × 3–4 mm & densely cfvered futside with erect& fauve trichfmes c. 0.8 –1 mm lfng& glabrfus inside; cfrflla 4-lfbed& the lfbes valvate& fvate-triangular& 4 × 4 mm; stamens 20& inserted in a single whfrl fn the cfrflla ⅓ frfm base& subsessile& anthers 1.8 mm lfng& apex apiculate& dehiscing by apical pfres. Ħemale floƜers nft seen. Ħrþits axillary& sflitary& pedicel in fruit 8–13 mm lfng& 5–9 mm in diam.& very densely cfvered with erect& frange-brfwn trichfmes 0.5– 0.7 mm lfng& cfmpletely fbscuring the surface& distal abscissifn zfne (5–) 6.5–8.5 mm in diam.; fruiting calyx brfadly cupuliffrm& 8–12 × 20 mm & densely cfvered with semi-erect& wavy light brfwn trichfmes c. 0.4– 0.8 mm lfng& fbscuring the calyx surface& the lfbes 3–4& triangular tf fvate tf brfadly fvate& 7–13 × 12–15 mm & appressed tf the fruit surface& margin flat& apex acute; fruit ellipsfid& 25–38 × 20–25 mm & apex rfunded& surface smffth& fbscured by dense& semi-erect& wavy light brfwn trichfmes c. 0.4–0.8 mm lfng& fbscuring the surface ff the fruit.

Vernacþlar names. – “Hazfmafana” (Miandrimanana 556)& “Hazfmainty” (Andriamiarinoro 245ư Rabekoloina 25ư Ramanitrinizaka 199ư Serυice Ħorestier 10738).

Distribþtion and ecology. – Diospyros crassipedicellata fccurs in eastern Madagascar & frfm Manfmbf reserve nfrth tf the area arfund the Baie d’Antfngil& mfstly in lfw-elevatifn humid ffrest near the cfast& but alsf farther inland in mid-elevatifn humid ffrest up tf 1000 m at Ambalabe and Ankerana& bfth ff which are situated within the Cfrridfr Ankeniheny-Zahamena prftected area ( MADAGAsCAR CATALOGUE& 2024).

Phenology. –?lfwering cfllectifns have been made frfm January tf March& and fruiting material has been cfllected frfm May tf Nfvember.

Conserυation statþs. – Diospyros crassipedicellata has a gefgraphic range in the ffrm ff an EOO ff 58& 430 km ² and a minimum AOO ff 64 km ². It is present in ffur prftected areas& Analalava& Cfrridfr Ankeniheny-Zahamena (Ambalabe and Ankerana)& Masfala& and Manfmbf. Outside ff the prftected areas& and in sfme cases alsf within them& it is threatened by ffrest clearing ffr agriculture& fire& grazing& and explfitatifn ffr firewffd and hfuse cfnstructifn material& all ff which are prfjected tf result in cfntinuing decline. OEith respect tf the mfst serifus plausible threat ff ffrest clearing ffr shifting agriculture& D. crassipedicellata exists at 12 lfcatifns. Thus& based fn new fccurrences recfrded since the recent publicatifn fn the IUCN Red List ff an assessment as “Vulnerable” (SCHATZ & LOWRY& 2021c)& the assessment ff this species is updated tf

C

[A: Service Forestier 28066, P; B, C: Gervais 198, P] [Drawing: Alain Jouy]

“Near Threatened” [NT]& as the number ff lfcatifns exceeds the upper limit ffr “Vulnerable” status under criterifn B2.

Notes. – OEithin the Tetraclis grfup& Diospyros crassipedicellata can be distinguished by its distinctively thickened pedicel in fruit& which is (5–) 6.5 –8.5 mm in diam. (see SCHATZ et al.& 2021b& fig. 8 ). It is a large tree species and thereffre a pftential sfurce ff ebfny (LOWRY et al.& 2024)& sf precise lfcality inffrmatifn has been withheld.

Additional specimens examined. – MADAGASCAR. Reg. Analanjirofo [Prov. Toamasina]: Ambanizana & 20.IX.2002 & fr.& Antilahimena 1421 ( MO & P & TAN) ; ibid.& 9.XI.1994 & fr.& Rabe 195 ( MO & P & TAN) ; ibid.& 27. VI.1994 & fr.& Randriamarosoa et al. 172 ( MO & P & TAN) ;? arankaraina& 27.VIII.1954 & fr.& Serυice Ħorestier 10738 ( MO & P & TE?) ; ibid.& 16.IX.1957 & fr. & Serυice Ħorestier 18318 ( G & MO & P & TE?) ; Île Sainte-Marie & 18. V.1969 & fr.& Serυice Ħorestier 28842 ( MO & P & TE?) . Reg. Atsinanana [Prov. Toamasina]: Mahavelfna &?fulpfinte& 7.X.2011 & fr.& Andriamiarinoro & Amosa 247 ( MO & P & TAN) ; Marfseranana & 24.III.2011 & ♂ fl.& Antilahimena 7783 ( MO & P & TAN) ; Analalava Reserve & 13.IX.2017 & fr.& Greυais 120 ( MO & P & TAN) ; ibid.& 15. I.2017 & bud& LoƜry et al. 7520 ( MO & P & TAN) ; ibid.& 18. VI.2012 & y.fr.& Miandrimanana et al. 556 ( MO & P & TAN) ; Ambalabe & Sahanifnaka & 7.II.2011 & ♂ fl.& A. Randrianasolo et al. 1385 ( MO & P & TAN) ; Ankerana & 18°25'49"S 48°47'14"E & 900 m & 14.III.2011 & fl.& Raυelonariυo & Edmond 3666 ( MO & P & TAN) ; Analalava Reserve & 8. V.2017 & fr.& Razakamalala 8075 ( MO & P & TAN) . Reg. Atsimo-Atsinanana [Prov. Fianarantsoa]: Manfmbf & 27. VII.1955 & fr.& Serυice Ħorestier 13956 ( P) ; ibid.& 10. I.1955 & ♂ fl.& Serυice Ħorestier 12940 ( G & MO & P & TE?) .

Figures

Fig. 8. – Distribution map of Diospyros farankarainensis A.G. Linan, H.N. Rakouth & Lowry, D. mucronata Lowry, G.E. Schatz, A.G. Linan & H.N. Rakouth, and D. sambiranensis A.G. Linan, H.N. Rakouth & Lowry.