Peltogyne heterophylla M.F.Silva, Acta Amazonica

Kochanovski, Fabio J., Nogueira, Luan H. P., Rosa, Marcus P. G., Mansano, Vidal F. & Sartori, Ângela L. B., 2025, Taxonomic review of the genus Peltogyne Vogel (Leguminosae, Detarioideae), Phytotaxa 688 (1), pp. 1-68 : 39-41

13. Peltogyne heterophylla M.F.Silva, Acta Amazonica 6 (Suppl.): 30. 1976.

Holotype:— BRAZIL. Rondônia, Leste de Porto Velho , 21 September 1963, B. Maguire et al 56743 (Holotype: K; Isotypes: IAN! NY). Fig 18 .

= Peltogyne prancei M.F.Silva. (1976: 30)

Holotype:— BRAZIL. Amazonas : Rio Curuquetê, 22 July 1971, G. T Prance 14500 (Holotype: NY; Isotypes: GH, INPA !, K, M, MG!, U), syn. nov.

Tree, 13–40 m tall, bark striate (peeling off in scales resembling paper), reddish, branches with longitudinal striations, lenticellate (some horizontal traces), stipules early deciduous. Leaflets elliptic, falcate, 5–6 × 2–2.5 cm, base attenuate, apex caudate, glabrous, wax absent on both surfaces, discolorous, petiole 5–7 mm long, petiolule 2–4 mm long, blade decurrent, pulvinus dilated, primary vein conspicuous and blackened abaxially, secondary veins conspicuous on both sides, glands absent. Inflorescence a panicle, terminal, laxiflorous, rachis pubescent, 12–17 cm long, inserted in a non-aphyllous branch. Pedicel 1–3 mm long, bracteoles caducous, hypanthium absent. Bud 3–4 × 3–4 mm long, sepals orbicular to deltoid, outer side glabrous, with some sparse trichomes, inner side glabrous, glands present on the adaxial side, petals elliptic, sessile, glabrous, glands absent. Stamens of different sizes, antesepalous filaments 2–3 mm long, antepetalous filaments 1–2 mm long. Stipe short, pilose, 1 mm long. Ovary elliptic to rhombic, tomentose, 1.5–2 mm long, style with terminal insertion, 2–2.5 mm long. Fruit a legume, dehiscent, subtriangular, without a protuberance, compressed, 3 × 1.5 cm, stipitate, nectary disc not persistent, glabrous, glands present, veins present, not winged.

Phenology —Collected in flower between March and April and in fruit between May and June.

Distribution and habitat— Peltogyne heterophylla is endemic to the state of Rondônia and the south of the state of Amazonas, generally in dense non-flooded (Terra Firme) forests ( Fig 5 ).

Taxonomic comments —In the original description, the author did not explain the meaning of the epithet for this species. However, we observed that in P. heterophylla , younger leaflets are relatively larger than older ones. The species was published in the last revision of the genus ( Silva 1976) without a description of the floral characters, which we present here. The characteristics of the leaflets and fruits of P. heterophylla described by Silva (1976) differed from those of other species in the locality studied ( P. lecointei , P. densiflora , and P. subsessilis ), supporting the indication of a new taxon. Another species decribed by Silva (1976), P. prancei , was also presented without floral characters and with a geographic distribution close to P. heterophylla . The principle III of the code of nomenclature states that “The nomenclature of a taxonomic group is based upon priority of publication”. The names P. herophylla and P. prancei are legitimate names, with the same priority and published in the same protologue. Analyzing materials collected in Rondônia ( CEN! 82025), we consider that P. prancei is a synonym of P. heterophylla . This is because P. prancei is only known from one collection ( G. T Prance 14500, NY 4593), has slightly damaged leaflets and fruits similar to those of P. heterophylla . Therefore, as we consider P. prancei and P. heterophyllla to be synonyms, we have decided to keep P. prancei under the synonymy of P. heterophylla . Peltogyne heterophylla can be confused with P. gracilipes due to the size of the leaflets, but according to Silva (1976), it can be easily distinguished from P. gracilipes because the latter has prominent veins on the abaxial face of the leaflets, and P. heterophylla has leaflets with an attenuate base and caudate apex while P. gracilipes has leaflets with an oblique base and acute apex.

Etymology—heterophyllus, leaves with different shapes. Younger leaves are larger on average than older ones.

Specimens examined — BRAZIL. Amazonas: 22 September 1971, G. T. Prance 14500 ( MG!, INPA !); Rondônia: Careiro, rio Castanho, April 1985, L. M. S. Magalhães 65 ( INPA !); Itapuã do Oeste, Flona do Jamari, 1816- A Picada 3, 23 March 2010, L. F. Daibes 6 ( RB!); Porto Velho, margem direita do rio São Lourenço, margem esquerda do rio madeira, 26 April 2012, G. Pereira-Silva 16237 ( RB! CEN!); Área de supressão da vegetação, AHE Jirau, margem esquerda do rio Madeira, 13 October 2012, M. F. Simon 1755 ( CEN!, IAN!, RB!); BOLIVIA. Cachuela Esperanza, 10 January 1973, O. E. White US 1185814 (Scanned image: US).

Digital images — BRAZIL. Rondônia: Porto Velho , área do reservatório da Usina Hidrelétrica de Samuel, 15 June 1986, C. A. C . Ferreira 7446 ( K); Represa Samuel: along Rio Jamari , ca. 45min, upstream from dam by boat, 19 June 1986, W. W . Thomas 5187 ( K, NY); Jaci Paraná, Ao longo da BR 364 , 61 km leste de Jaci Paraná, ramal 500 m ao Sul , 12 April 2012, M. F . Simon 1455 ( NY); Madeira, AHE Jirau, margem esquerda do rio Madeira , 13 October 2012, M. F . Simon 1755 ( NY); Rodovia BR 364 , Km 120, 12 Km W da Sede da Mineração , 29 May 1982, L. O. A . Teixeira 868 ( K, NY); Porto Velho, Margem direita do Rio São Lourenço, Margem esquerda do Rio Madeira , 26 April 2012, G . Pereira-Silva 16237 ( NY); Área do Reservatório da Usina Hidrelétrica de Samuel , 15 June 1986, C. A. C . Ferreira 7446 ( NY) .

Vernacular names —Pau-roxo, roxinho.

Figures

FIGURE 5. Distribution map of species of Peltogyne in solid ground, relatively far from floodplains in the Amazon.

FIGURE 18. Peltogyne heterophylla M.F. Silva. A, branch with leaflets, and inflorescence (scale: 5 cm). B, flower bud in pre-anthesis (scale: 1 mm). C, fruit (scale: 1 mm). Illustrated by Fábio Júnior Kochanovski.