Bryopharsos amazonensis Bravo & Araújo, 2019

Jaume-Schinkel, Santiago, Kilian, Isabel C., Pazmiño-Palomino, Alex & Mengual, Ximo, 2025, Revision of the genus Bryopharsos Quate, 1996 (Diptera: Psychodidae) with the description of nine new species, European Journal of Taxonomy 1001 (1), pp. 1-51 : 4-8

Bryopharsos amazonensis Bravo & Araújo, 2019

Figs 1–3

Bryopharsos amazonensis Bravo & Araújo, 2019: 368 . Type locality: Brazil, 15 km SE of Rio Branco, EMBRAPA (holotype male, MZFS).

Diagnosis

Male

Eye bridge with four facet rows ( Fig. 2A ); wing 1.8 times as long as wide ( Fig. 2B ); ejaculatory apodeme paddle-shaped in ventral view; surstyli with five tenacula of equal length; aedeagus long, triangular, and with a pointed apex ( Figs 2C , 3A–B ). According to Bravo & Araújo (2019), B. amazonensis is morphologically similar to B. clavigum and B. claviformosum , but it can be differentiated by the number of tenacula (four in B. clavigum ; five in B. amazonensis and B. claviformosum ) and the length of the tenacula (four long and one short in B. claviformosum ( Fig. 3C–D ), five of equal length in B. amazonensis ; four of the same length in B. clavigum ).

Female

Unknown.

Material examined

ECUADOR – Pichincha • 9 ♂♂; Pedro Vicente Maldonado, Parroquia Pedro Vicente Maldonado, near San Pancracio , roadway to Pachijal ; 0.11862° N, 78.95802° E; alt. 750 m; 25–28 Jan. 2022; Isabel Kilian leg.; ZFMK, ZFMK-TIS-2628286, ZFMK-TIS-2628287, ZFMK-TIS-2628288, ZFMK- TIS-2628289, ZFMK-TIS-2628298, ZFMK-TIS-2628299, ZFMK-TIS-2628303, ZFMK-TIS-2628304, ZFMK-TIS-2628307 • 2 ♂♂; same data as for preceding; 0.11561° N, 78.95805° E; 1–9 Feb. 2022; ZFMK, ZFMK-TIS-2636932, ZFMK-TIS-2636935 • 6 ♂♂; same data as for preceding; MECN, ZFMK- TIS-2636989, ZFMK-TIS-2637097, ZFMK-TIS-2637102, ZFMK-TIS-2637110, ZFMK-TIS-2637122, ZFMK-TIS-2637145 • 8 ♂♂; same data as for preceding; MECN, ZFMK-TIS-2637067, ZFMK- TIS-2637069, ZFMK-TIS-2627070, ZFMK-TIS-2627072, ZFMK-TIS-2627074, ZFMK-TIS-2627075, ZFMK-TIS-2627076, ZFMK-TIS-2627078 .

COLOMBIA – Cauca • 5 ♂♂ Guapí, Gorgona Island, alta El Mirador ; alt. 180 m; 4–24 Mar. 2000; R. Doque leg.; LACM, LACM ENT 279390 , LACM ENT 279391 , LACM ENT 279392 , LACM ENT 279399 , LACM ENT 279398 .

Distribution

Brazil ( Bravo & Araújo 2019), Colombia (this publication, new record), and Ecuador (this publication, new record) ( Fig. 1 ).

DNA barcodes

22 specimens were successfully sequenced: ZFMK-TIS-2628286, ZFMK-TIS-2628288, ZFMK- TIS-2628289, ZFMK-TIS-2628298, ZFMK-TIS-2628303, ZFMK-TIS-2628304, ZFMK-TIS-2628307, ZFMK-TIS-2636932, ZFMK-TIS-2636935, ZFMK-TIS-2636989, ZFMK-TIS-2637067, ZFMK- TIS-2637069, ZFMK-TIS-2627070, ZFMK-TIS-2627072, ZFMK-TIS-2627074, ZFMK-TIS-2627075, ZFMK-TIS-2627076, ZFMK-TIS-2627078, ZFMK-TIS-2637097, ZFMK-TIS-2637102, ZFMK- TIS-2637110, ZFMK-TIS-2637122. The maximum intraspecific uncorrected pairwise distance for COI sequences was 0.37% or 3 bp.

Remarks

Three specimens (ZFMK-TIS-2636935, ZFMK-TIS-2636989, ZMFK-TIS-2637097) have a small morphological variation as they present a spine in the gonocoxal apodeme, while the remaining specimens do not present the spine. The molecular evidence and the remaining morphological characters suggest all specimens belong to the same species. The original differentiation of B. amazonensis and B. claviformosum by Bravo & Araújo (2019) based on the difference in tenacula lengths (five of the same length in B. amazonensis ; four of equal length and one shorter in B. claviformosum ) appears to be a good morphological character to separate them. This is further supported by molecular data in this study.

Figures

Fig. 1. Species distribution map. Species dots do not represent the actual localities; jitter was added for visualization as the species’ real distributions overlap.

Fig. 2. Bryopharsos amazonensis Bravo & Araújo, 2019, ♂ (ZFMK-TIS-2628286). A. Head. B. Wing. C. Terminalia (ventral view). Abbreviations: aed = aedeagus; gns = gonostylus; gnx = gonocoxite; surs = surstyli; ten = tenacula. All scale bars are in millimeters.

Fig. 3. SEM pictures of male terminalia (ventral view). A–B. Bryopharsos amazonensis Bravo & Araújo, 2019. C–D. Bryopharsos claviformosum Quate, 1996. Colors: blue = paramere; cyan = gonocoxal lobes; green = hypandrium; orange = gonostyli; red = aedeagus; yellow = gonocoxites. All scale bars are in millimeters.