Bryopharsos bifidum Jaume-Schinkel, 2025

Jaume-Schinkel, Santiago, Kilian, Isabel C., Pazmiño-Palomino, Alex & Mengual, Ximo, 2025, Revision of the genus Bryopharsos Quate, 1996 (Diptera: Psychodidae) with the description of nine new species, European Journal of Taxonomy 1001 (1), pp. 1-51 : 12-15

Bryopharsos bifidum Jaume-Schinkel sp. nov.

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:E3E364DD-E83D-4ADB-8A1F-CAB198C11DF1

Figs 1 , 6–7

Diagnosis

Male

Eye bridge with three facet rows ( Fig. 6A ); wing 1.9 times as long as wide; ejaculatory apodeme ovoid, with anterior margin straight, slightly longer than the aedeagus; gonocoxal apodeme fused; surstyli with a single apical tenaculum; aedeagus digitiform, curved, with rounded apex. This species shares the same number of apical tenacula in the surstyli but it can be easily differentiated by having bifurcated gonostyli (no other known Bryopharsos species has bifurcated gonostyli).

Female

Unknown.

Etymology

The specific name ʻ bifidum ʼ derives from Latin ʻ bifidus ʼ meaning split into two parts, referring to the bifurcate gonostyli. Name to be treated as a noun in apposition.

Type material

Holotype

VENEZUELA – Aragua • ♂; 19 km N of Maracay; 14–17 Oct. 1993; alt. 1280 m; L.W. Quate leg.; Malaise trap; Mounted in Euparal ; LACM, LACM-ENT-279295.

Paratype

VENEZUELA – Choroní • 1 ♂; 22 km S of Choroní; 17 Oct. 1993; alt. 1000 m.; L.W. Quate leg.; Malaise Trap; Mounted in Euparal ; LACM, LACM-ENT-279294 .

Description

MEASUREMENTS. In mm (n = 2). Wing length: 2.34 (2.24–2.45), wing width: 1.19 (1.17–1.22); head length: 0.60 (0.60–0.60), head width: 0.79 (0.71–0.86); antennal segments: scape: 0.10 (0.10–0.10), pedicel: 0.08 (0.07–0.08), flagellomere 1: 0.14 (0.13–0.14), flagellomeres 2–12: 0.15 (0.14–0.15), flagellomere 13: 0.06 (0.06–0.06), flagellomere 14: 0.08 (0.08–0.08); palpal segment 1: 0.05 (0.05–0,05), palpal segment 2: 0.05 (0.05–0.05), palpal segment 3: 0.05 (0.05–0.05), palpal segment 4: 0.04 (0.04–0.04).

Holotype male

HEAD ( Fig. 6A ). A little wider than long; eye bridge contiguous, with three rows of facets, interocular suture absent; post-ocular alveoli not enlarged and non-distinguishable from the remaining alveoli on the head; frontal patch of alveoli not divided, triangular with the lower margin rounded. Antennal scape slightly longer the length of the pedicel, cylindrical; pedicel spherical; 14 flagellomeres asymmetrical and nodiform, with scattered setae on the basal half surface, apical flagellomere with terminal apiculus; ascoids absent in examined material. Palpal segments cylindrical, palpal segment 4 apically pointed, palpal proportions: 1.0:1.0:1.0:0.8; labium without any strong sclerite; labella not bulbous with 3–4 setae on outer margin.

THORAX. Without allurement organs; all coxae with a stripe of three to five rows of alveoli. Wing length about 2.1 times its width; wing membrane brown-hyaline; alveoli distributed uniformly on wing membrane; subcostal vein short ending beyond the origin of R 4; fork of R 2+3 basal to the level of M 1+2 and joining R 4; fork of M 1+2 weakly sclerotized; R 5 ending at the wing apex; CuA 2 ending at wing margin.

TERMINALIA ( Figs 6B–D , 7 ). Hypandrium is a distinct band that connects the gonocoxites, plate-like; gonocoxites cylindrical, about the same length as gonostyli; gonostyli bifurcated, bifurcation occurs around half, both rami have rounded apex, mesal ramus digitiform, lateral ramus ovate; gonocoxal apodeme without anterior projections; gonocoxal lobes with six setae on each side; aedeagus digitiform, curved, apex rounded, ending beyond the apex of the paramere, paramere digitiform, almost thumb-like, with rounded apex; ejaculatory apodeme with rounded margin, about the same length as the aedeagus; epandrium plate-like, about two times as wide as long; hypoproct tongue-shaped, and covered in small setulae, epiproct broader and shorter than hypoproct; surstyli conical, abruptly narrowing towards the apex, curved ventrally, with a single apical tenaculum, tenaculum with rounded apex.

Distribution

Only known from the type locality in Venezuela ( Fig. 1 ).

DNA barcodes

No specimens were available for DNA extraction.

Remarks

Both specimens presented a label with L.W. Quate’s handwriting reading “ Bryopharsos bifidum ”, this specific name was never published nor was the description of the species, so we decided to keep the name chosen by Quate as it is fitting for the species.

Figures

Fig. 1. Species distribution map. Species dots do not represent the actual localities; jitter was added for visualization as the species’ real distributions overlap.

Fig. 6. Bryopharsos bifidum Jaume-Schinkel sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (LACM-ENT-279294). A. Head. B. Terminalia. C. Surstyli. D. Terminalia. Abbreviations: eja = ejaculatory apodeme; gns = gonostylus; gnx = gonocoxite; surs = surstyli. All scale bars are in millimeters.

Fig. 7. Bryopharsos bifidum Jaume-Schinkel sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (LACM-ENT-279294). A. Terminalia (ventral view). B. Surstyli (ventral view). Abbreviations: eja = ejaculatory apodeme; gns = gonostylus; gnx = gonocoxite; gnx lb = gonocoxal lobes; surs = surstyli; ten = tenacula.All scale bars are in millimeters.