Patara paladinae, Bitar & Domahovski, 2025

Bitar, Murilo Victor Silva & Domahovski, Alexandre Cruz, 2025, Uncovering Brazilian Otiocerinae (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Derbidae): description of three new species and first records for the tribes Sikaianini Muir, 1913 and Patarini Emeljanov, 1995, Zootaxa 5637 (2), pp. 271-291 : 282-285

Patara paladinae sp. nov.

( Figs 7–9 , 10C , 11B , 14F )

Etymology: In honor of Dr. Andressa Paladini, hemipterologist, for her generous informational and instrumental support, enthusiastic encouragement, and pleasant presence.

Material examined: Holotype male, “ Brasil, Paraná, S. [São] J. [José] dos\ Pinhais , 25°36’18”S \ 49°11’37”W 880m \ 07.I.2024 Sweep\ A.C. Domahovski leg.” . Paratypes: 1♂, 1♀, same data as holotype except 07-21.I.2017 ; 1♂, 1♀, same data as holotype except 08-22.IV.2017 ; 1♀, same data as holotype except 15-29.IV.2017 ; 1♂, 1♀, same data as holotype except 10-13.X.2018 ; 1♂, same data as holotype except 11-28.IX.2018 ; 2♀, same data as holotype except 05-15.XII.2018 ; 1♂, same data as holotype except 01-21.I.2020 ; 1♂, same data as holotype except 08-22.II.2020 ; 1♂, same data as holotype except 19.X.2020 ; 1♀, same data as holotype except 01-30.XI.2020 ; 1♂, 1♀, same data as holotype except 01-31.III.2021 ; 1♂, 1♀, same data as holotype except 01-29.IV.2021 ; 2♂, same data as holotype except 01.30. IX.2021 ; 1♂, same data as holotype except 01-31.X.2021 malaise ; 1♀, same data as holotype except 03.I.2024 ; 1♂, “ Brasil, PR, Antonina,\ RPPN - Guaricica , 50m \ 25.316ºS 48.696ºW \ 23-27.X.2017 Malaise \ A. Domahovski, G. Melo,\ A. Pinto & M. Savaris ” ; 1♂, “ Brasil, Paraná, Piraquara, Ma- \ nanciais da Serra , 25º29'47"S \ 48º58'54"W 1021m, Sweep, \ 21-28.XI.2018, A.P.Pinto, B.R. \ Araujo & A.C. Domahovski ” ; 1♂, “ Brasil, Paraná, Piraquara, Ma, \ nanciais da Serra, proximidades \ do Reservatório do Carvalho , \ 29-30.XI.2019 Sweep A.C. \ Domahovski & R.R. Cavichioli ” ; 1♂, “ Brasilien \ Nova Teutonia \ V.1979 \ 27º11'B, 52º23'L \ Fritz Plaumann ” .

Measurements (mm): Holotype male: total length 4.2. Paratypes: males (n= 16), 4.1–4.4; females (n = 10), 4.2–4.8.

Diagnosis: Body ( Fig. 7A, B ) color white, except for darker spots on head, tegmina and legs. Tegmina ( Figs 7F , 10C ) with strongly sinuous margins; RA with two branches, both running in reverse direction; four m-cu crossveins, almost equidistantly spaced; CuA 2 bends abruptly in reverse direction, approximately forming a right angle. Male anal tube ( Fig. 8A, B ) with a concave apical margin. Gonostyli ( Fig. 8D, E ) with two blunt-tipped spines on the dorsal margin, the basal spine is very short, less than one-third the length of the other spine. Aedeagus ( Fig. 8F–J ) with two small spines on its left side and three sturdy spines at its tip, the middle one being larger and serrated. Endosome curved and armed with a spine.

Color ( Fig. 7 )–white, venter and legs with subtle yellowish tone; pedicel slightly darker, stramineous. Dark spots well distributed through the body, varied in aspect and color value. Frons with one or more black spots. Gena and lorum with one or more black spots, very variable in appearance and position, may be equidistant or not, large or small, elongated, curved or circular, usually at least one spot manifests as a transverse band. Tegmina have apex of clavus and cubital cell with complex ochre or brown spots, often discontinuous; may be evident and well marked or weak and subtle. Crossveins m-cu 1 and m-cu 2 each marked by a brown band that follows its entire length and in certain specimens exceeds it. Postcostal cell marked by highly variable brown spots, may manifest with multiple discontinuities, solid, as curved bands or as combinations of all these forms. A brown or black spot of variable outline occupies base of RP, extending over apex of radial cell, base of C1 and crossvein r-m 1 or beyond. Apical 1/3 of tegmina with hazy ochre or brown spots, bordering or covering some veins and cells; may be very weak and subtle. May have tiny red spots at the apical end of some terminal veins. Legs usually exhibit small dark spots at the apex of the profemur/mesofemur and at the base of the protibia/mesotibia, as well as dark spots at the apex of the metatibia and base of the tarsus. Note: In preserved specimens, the white portions of the body may undergo yellowing and certain colored spots may fade and disappear, especially the tiny red spots on the terminal veins of the tegmina.

Description: Vertex ( Fig. 7C )–subtriangular in dorsal view; bends downwards in lateral view; slightly projected, barely exceeding the compound eyes; gradually narrowing from base to width of four or less ommatidia; anterior margin almost indistinct from frons, delimited by subtle declivity; lateral margins with very subtle raised edges, nearly straight; posterior margin moderately concave; narrower than the tegula. Frons ( Fig. 7E )–slender; as wide as four or fewer ommatidia along most of its length, except at ventral extremity, where it widens slightly just before clypeus. Gena ( Fig. 7D )–anterior margin curved, following approximately the contour of the compound eye; projects from compound eye approximately as much as rostrum width, slightly less projected at dorsal extremity. Clypeus ( Fig. 7E )–well developed; boundaries between clypeus and lorum clearly discernible, forming weak angles. Eyes ( Fig. 7C–E )–moderately large; margin concave near antennae; reniform aspect in lateral view. Ocelli –absent. Antennae ( Fig. 7C, E )–pedicel sexually dimorphic, may vary more in length in males, ranging from slightly wider than compound eye to over twice the width of compound eye, while in females it is approximately as wide as the compound eye, hardly exceeding such measure; tends to be slightly broader in males than in females; in both sexes laterally compressed; simple. Rostrum ( Fig. 7E )–well developed, its tip reaching the eighth abdominal segment. Pronotum ( Fig. 7C )–anterior margin slightly bulging; lateral margins moderately sloping; posterior margin moderately concave, forming an obtuse angle; indistinct disc. Mesonotum ( Fig. 7C )–generally with a subtle median longitudinal carina as narrow as frons or narrower, may be absent. Tegmina ( Figs 7F , 10C , 14F ). Remigium – costal margin convex, curved in apical 2/3; posterior margin sinuous, basal 1/3 convex forming an angle, median region concave with curved indentation, apical 1/3 undulating; ScP+R+MP bifurcates approximately at the end of basal 1/6; ScP+R bifurcates far beyond the end of basal 1/3; free branch of ScP arises before the level of the clavus apex and touches costal margin after the level of the clavus apex; RA with two branches (RA 1 and RA 2); RA 1 and RA 2 arise at the beginning of apical 1/3 and run in reverse direction until the level where the ScP branch touches costal margin; both CuA 1 and CuA 2 touch posterior margin; CuA 1 touches posterior margin at apical 1/3; CuA 2 bends abruptly in reverse direction, approximately forming a right angle and touching the posterior margin before the apical 1/3; a succession of four crossveins m-cu, delimiting cell C4 and three subsequent cells; these crossveins are almost equidistantly spaced, allowing for some variation; radial cell shorter than other prenodal cells, not adjacent to C3 but adjacent to C4; C1 with narrow anterior portion and wide, truncate posterior portion; C2 with both extremities wide and truncate; C3 and C3' compact, each approximately 1/3 the length of cells C1 or C2; C4, C4' and C4'' approximately same size as C3 or C3'; C4''' slightly larger than predecessors; C5 reaches margin, it has an atypical shape, curved and complex, due to the bending of CuA 2 and the curve of the post-claval margin. Clavus – closed; sinuous CuP remains parallel to CuA along most of its length; Pcu and A1 sinuous, merge approximately at midpoint of clavus; Pcu+A1 touches margin approximately at the beginning of apical 1/5; Pcu region and adjacent portions raised, swollen, marked by pits from the base to slightly past the midpoint. Hind wings ( Figs 7G , 11B )– well developed; apical margin curved; ScP+R bifurcates into ScP+RA and RP; CuA with three branches; all other veins with only one branch; RP reaches margin slightly before MP; m-cu connecting MP and CuA 1; r-m arises slightly apically to m-cu; basomarginal plate (stridulitrum) relatively large, as long as 1/3 of length of anal fold or slightly less. Legs ( Fig. 7B, D, E )–metatibia apically armed with 6 minute teeth; first tarsomere apically armed with 4-6 minute teeth; second tarsomere apically armed with four or five minute teeth. Male terminalia ( Fig. 8 ). Anal tube ( Fig. 8A, B )–short, less than half length of a gonostylus; apical third slightly widened; apical margin concave. Anal style ( Fig. 8A, B )–very short, less than last tarsomere length. Pygofer ( Fig. 8A, C )–lateral margin convex, curved; ventral margin straight. Medioventral process ( Fig. 8C )–absent. Gonostyli ( Fig. 8D, E )–wide, fan-like; almost two times longer than wide, excluding gonostylus apodeme; dorsal margin with basal half armed with two blunt-tipped spines, dorsally oriented, bearing stout setae, the basal spine is very short, less than one-third the length of the other spine; ventral margin with basal half nearly straight, unarmed, bearing stout setae; apical half abruptly expanded, forming an angle on dorsal margin and a delicate curve on ventral margin. Aedeagus ( Fig. 8F–J )–slender, subcylindrical, slightly dorsoventrally flattened; asymmetrical; basal portion with pair of lateral apodemes directed anterodorsally and a median Y-shaped portion that conects to the base of anal tube; apical portion curved upwards, almost folded, pointing anterodorsally; apical 1/3 armed; two short spines on left side, slightly before apex; three robust apical spines, the right one straight and acute with very small subtle dorsal denticle, the middle one larger with serrated apex, the left one smaller and slightly curved; to left of spines the endosome curves enveloping the apex of aedeagus; endosome armed with a tiny spine, lodged between the smaller apical spine and the larger serrated apical spine. Female terminalia ( Fig. 9 ). Anal tube –extremely short, markedly less than half length of male anal tube. Anal style –approximately half length of male anal style.

Figures

FIGURE 7. Patara paladinae sp. nov., holotype male. A, habitus, lateral view. B, habitus, lateral view. C, head and thorax, dorsal view. D, head and thorax, lateral view. E, head and thorax, frontal view. F, tegmen. G, hind wing and enlarged view of the basomarginal plate (stridulitrum). Scale bars in mm.

FIGURE 8. Patara paladinae sp. nov., paratype male. A, genital capsule, lateral view. B. pygofer and anal tube, dorsal view. C, pygofer and anal tube, ventral view. D, gonostylus, lateral view. E, gonostylus, ventral view. F, aedeagus, left lateral view. G, aedeagus, rigth lateral view. H, aedeagus, posterior view. I, aedeagus, dorsal view. J, aedeagus, ventral view. Scale bars in mm.

FIGURE 9. Patara paladinae sp. nov., paratype female. Female abdomen. A, lateral view. B, posterior view. C, dorsal view. D, ventral view. Scale bars in mm.

FIGURE 10. Vein identity of the tegmina. A, Mula flamma sp. nov. B, Otiocerus shamshir sp. nov. C, Patara paladinae sp. nov.

FIGURE 11. Vein identity of the hind wings. A, Otiocerus shamshir sp. nov. B, Patara paladinae sp. nov.

FIGURE 14. Comparative morphology of Patara tegmina. A, P. pakaraima. B, P. inermis. C, P. guttata. D, P. vanduzei. E, P. cooki. F, P. paladinae sp. nov. Figures modified based on (E) Bahder et al. (2021), (A, B, C) Fennah (1952), and (D) a photograph kindly shared by Dr. Brian Bahder.