Erythrolamprus Boie, 1826

Luna, Igor Veronese de, Ugalde, Miguel Relvas, Guimarães, Mariana Rocha Santos, Hoffmann, Kauann, Citeli, Nathalie, Kiefer, Mara Cintia & Hamdan, Breno, 2025, Fig. 3 in Positive association between PTN polymorphisms and schizophrenia in Northeast Chinese Han population., Zoological Studies 64 (20), pp. 141-149 : 7

Erythrolamprus Boie, 1826

1. Coral pattern, with red, white and black rings organized in triads or diads .......................... Erythrolamprus aesculapii ( Fig. 21e–f )

- Not as above, sometimes with red irregular bands but never in ring shape ................................................................................... 2

2. Dorsal scale rows reduce posteriorly ......................................... 3

- Dorsal scales in 17 rows; dorsum olive green with or without brownish vertebral stripe and/or small dorsolateral black spots ... ................................................ Erythrolamprus jaegeri ( Fig. 22g )

3. Dorsal scales in 17 rows ............................................................. 4

- Dorsal scale in 19 rows .............................................................. 6

4. Ventral scales with unmarked dark edges .................................. 5

- Ventral scales light with some dark edging ( Fig. 5b ); dorsum with the tip of the scales lighter, yellow/olive green dorsal scales with black outer margins; with or without light neck ring in juveniles ............................................ Erythrolamprus miliaris ( Fig. 22b–c )

5. Posterior lateral black stripe present on body and tail; ventre never checkered with black and red or yellow, but occasionally with black marks on lateral edges of ventral scales; dorsum dark green or brownish ( Fig. 6a ) ... Erythrolamprus reginae ( Fig. 22h )

- Posterior lateral black stripe absent; ventre usually red or green without black marks on lateral edges of ventral scales; dorsum olive green or green, with or without reddish dorsal stripe and small dorsolateral black spots ( Fig. 6b ) ........................................ ................................................ Erythrolamprus jaegeri ( Fig. 22g )

6. Ventre black coloured; dorsal scales in 19/19/17 rows; dorsum uniform green or olive green, occasionally with an ill-defined brownish mid-dorsal stripe ............................................................ ........................................... Erythrolamprus atraventer ( Fig. 22a )

- Ventre not as above; dorsal scales in 19/19/17, 19/19/15 or 19/19/13 rows ............................................................................. 7

7. Dorsum variable, but never green .............................................. 8

- Dorsum green, with or without dark lateral small spots and dorsal scales with a red tip; head occasionally brown in juveniles .......... ............................................ Erythrolamprus typhlus ( Fig. 23a–b )

8. Dorsal scale reduces to 17 posteriorly; dorsum grey or tan with darker blotches; no black dorsolateral line posteriorly; dorsal surface of head grey, tan or brown with or without a whitish U, V, X, or Y mark on the parietals with exterior black edging, the mark may extend anteriorly to the internasals; ventre usually reddish with dark blotches ............................................................. ...................................... Erythrolamprus almadensis ( Fig. 21g –h )

- Dorsal scales reduce to 15 or 13 posteriorly; dorsum with ground colour usually brown, red or white, with blotches, bands, reticulations or combinations of the above; ventre from immaculate white to reddish or almost black, with or without dark blotches; youngs may have darker transversal stripes; ventre checkered with black, sometimes half ventre blackish ( Fig. 5a ) .................................... Erythrolamprus poecilogyrus ( Fig. 22d–f )

Figures

Fig. 21. Representative Dipsadidae Snakes of Rio de Janeiro: a, Echinanthera cyanopleura from Santa Cruz da Serra/SC; b, Echinanthera melanostigma from Mangaratiba/RJ; c, Echinanthera undulata from Mangaratiba/RJ; d, Elapomorphus quinquelineatus from Mangaratiba/RJ; e, Erythrolamprus aesculapii dyad pattern from Três Rios/RJ; f, Erythrolamprus aesculapii monad pattern from Juiz de Fora/MG; g, Erythrolamprus almadensis juvenile from Salvador/BA; h, Erythrolamprus almadensis adult from Salvador/BA. BA = Bahia, RJ = Rio de Janeiro, MG = Minas Gerais, SC = Santa Catarina. Photos by Breno Hamdan (e, f), Igor Veronese de Luna (c), Marco Antônio de Freitas (g, h), Miguel Relvas Ugalde (b, d), Pedro Henrique Bernardo (a).

Fig. 22. Representative Dipsadidae Snakes of Rio de Janeiro: a, Erythrolamprus atraventer from Salesópolis/SP; b, Erythrolamprus miliaris adult from Mangaratiba/RJ; c, Erythrolamprus miliaris juvenile from Niterói/RJ; d, Erythrolamprus poecilogyrus juvenile from Niterói/RJ; e, Erythrolamprus poecilogyrus red pattern from Niterói/RJ; f, Erythrolamprus poecilogyrus coral pattern from Rio de Janeiro/RJ; g, Erythrolamprus jaegeri from São Paulo State; h, Erythrolamprus reginae from Rio de Janeiro State. RJ = Rio de Janeiro, SP = São Paulo. Photos by Arilson Barcelos (f), Davor Vrcibradic (h), Giuseppe Puorto (g), Igor Veronese de Luna (b, c,d), Marco Antônio de Freitas (e), Marco Antônio de Sena (a).

Fig. 5. Ventral view of the body of preserved specimens of Erythrolamprus poecilogyrus (a) showing ventre colour with blotches, and Erythrolamprus miliaris (b) showing ventral scales light with some dark edging.

Fig. 6. Lateral and ventral view of the body of preserved specimens of Erythrolamprus reginae (a) showing posterior lateral black stripe along the body and tail and ventre with black marks on lateral edges of ventral scales, and Erythrolamprus jaegeri (b) showing posterior lateral black stripe absent and ventre without black marks on lateral edges of ventral scales.

Fig. 23. Representative Dipsadidae Snakes of Rio de Janeiro: a, Erythrolamprus typhlus juvenile from Amazonas State; b, Erythrolamprus typhlus adult from Amazonas State; c, Helicops carinicaudus from Niterói/RJ; d, Imantodes cenchoa from Amargosa/BA; e, Leptodeira annulata from Rio de Janeiro/RJ; f, Mussurana montana from Petrópolis/RJ; g, Oxyrhopus clathratus from Nova Friburgo/RJ; h, Oxyrhopus guibei from Volta Redonda/ RJ. AM = Amazônia, BA = Bahia, RJ = Rio de Janeiro. Photos by Breno Hamdan (c, e, g), Gustavo Pedro L. de Paula (f), Igor Veronese de Luna (h), Laurie Joseph Vitt (b), Marco Antônio de Freitas (a, d).