Chrysoperla harrisii, (Fitch, 1855)

GARLAND, J. A. & KEVAN, D. K. MCE., 2007, Chrysopidae of Canada and Alaska (Insecta, Neuroptera): revised checklist, new and noteworthy records, and geo-referenced localities, Zootaxa 1486 (1), pp. 1-84 : 55-57

CHRYSOPERLA HARRISII ( Fitch, 1855)

Chrysopa harrisii Fitch, 1855: 794 ; 1856: 90. Type: USA: New York [State]; monotypy; male, MCZ ( Penny et al. 1997). Chrysoperla harrisii ( Fitch, 1855) : Garland 1984: 93.

SYNONYMY PERTAINING TO CANADA

Chrysopa downesi: Putman 1932b: 121–126 ; Smith 1932: 584 (part: footnote 4).

Chrysopa ? downesi: Putman 1937: 29–37 .

Chrysopa harrisii: Smith 1932: 595–596 (part: ON, not BC); Judd 1949: 461–464; Garlick 1955: 282, 326, 328; Throne 1971: 73; Tauber 1974: 1148–1149; M.J. Tauber and Tauber 1974: 969.

Chrysoperla harrisii: Garland 1982 [ 1984]: 206–210, 374–376, 417, Figs. 83–86, 98, Map 17; 1984: 93; 1985a: 737– 751, 755, 1278 (erratum); Penny et al. 1997: 52 (part: ON, not BC).

CANADA: T = 248 (118♂, 120♀, 10?) + 1 larva. FIRST RECORD: ON: 1♂, C[entral] E[xperimental] F[arm], from pine, emerg[ed] 16.viii.1911 [collector unknown; CNC]. NEW RECORDS: (Province unknown): 1♂, em[erged] 3.viii.1937 (F.I.Survey 1937, Record No. 1155A) [collector unknown] / [hand-written] (Ottawa) / [paper rectangle with a green and yellow band at one end, not inscribed] / [paper disc, bluish-green] / [typewritten] (2586) / ( Chrysopa harrisii Fitch, Det. P. Adams ) [cocoon pinned with specimen; CNC]. 1♀, em[erged] 3.viii.1937 (F.I.Survey 1937, Record No. 1155A) [collector unknown] / [hand-written] (Ottawa) / [paper rectangle with a green and yellow band at one end, not inscribed] / [paper disc, yellow] / [type-written] (2573) / ( Chrysopa harrisii Fitch, Det. P. Adams ) [cocoon pinned with specimen; CNC]. 1♀, em[erged] 3.viii.1937 (F.I.Survey 1937, Record No. 1155A) [collector unknown] / [hand-written] (Ottawa) / [paper rectangle with a green and yellow band at one end, not inscribed] / [paper disc, yellow] / [type-written] (2584) / ( Chrysopa harrisii Fitch, Det. P. Adams ) [cocoon pinned with specimen; CNC]. 1♂, em[erged] 4.viii.1937 (F.I.Survey 1937, Record No. 1155A) [collector unknown] / [hand-written] (Ottawa) / [paper rectangle with a green and yellow band at one end, not inscribed] / [paper disc, bluish-green] / [type-written] (2579) / ( Chrysopa harrisii Fitch, Det. P. Adams ) [cocoon pinned with specimen; CNC]. 1♀, em[erged] 4.viii.1937 (F.I.Survey 1937, Record No. 1155A) [collector unknown] / [type-written] (48) / [hand-written] (54-23) / [paper rectangle with a green and orange band at one end, inscribed by hand] (3066) / [paper disc, yellow] / ( Chrysopa harrisii Fitch, Det. P. Adams ) [cocoon pinned with specimen; CNC]. 1♂, em[erged] 5.viii.1937 (F.I.Survey 1937, Record No. 1155A) [collector unknown] / [hand-written] (Ottawa) / [paper rectangle with a green and yellow band at one end, not inscribed] / [paper disc, bluish-green] / [type-written] (2576) / ( Chrysopa harrisii Fitch, Det. P. Adams ) [cocoon pinned with specimen; CNC]. 1♂, em[erged] 5.viii.1937 (F.I.Survey 1937, Record No. 1155A) [collector unknown] / ( Chrysopa harrisii Fitch, WCM 180) / [hand-written] (Ottawa) / [paper rectangle with a green and yellow band at one end, not inscribed] / [paper disc, bluishgreen] / [type-written] (2587) / ( Chrysopa harrisii Fitch, Det. P. Adams ) [cocoon pinned with specimen; CNC]. 1♀, em[erged] 5.viii.1937 (F.I.Survey 1937, Record No. 1155A) [collector unknown] / ( Chrysopa harrisii Fitch, W.C.M. ) [cocoon pinned with specimen; NFRC]. 1? [abdomen missing], em[erged] 7.viii.1937 (F.I.Survey 1937, Record No. 1155A) [collector unknown] / [hand-written] (Ottawa) / [paper rectangle with a green and yellow band at one end, not inscribed] / [type-written] (2575) / ( Chrysopa harrisii Fitch, Det. P. Adams ) [CNC]. 1♀, em[erged] 13.ix.1937 (F.I.Survey 1937, Record No. 2015) [collector unknown] / [handwritten] (Ottawa) / [paper rectangle with a green and yellow band at one end] / [paper disc, yellow] / [typewritten] (2583) / ( Chrysopa harrisii Fitch, Det. P. Adams ) [cocoon pinned with specimen; CNC]. 1♂, em[erged] 24.viii.1938 (F.I.Survey 1938, Record No. 5290B) [collector unknown] / [hand-written] (Ottawa) / [paper rectangle with a green and yellow band at one end] / [paper disc, bluish-green] / [type-written] (2588) / ( Chrysopa harrisii Fitch, Det. P. Adams ) [cocoon pinned with specimen; CNC]. 1? [abdomen missing], em[erged] 17.viii.1939 (F.I.Survey 1939, Record No. 8552B) [collector unknown] / [hand-written] (Ottawa) / [paper rectangle with a green and yellow band at one end] / [paper disc, bluish-green] / [type-written] (2585) / ( Chrysopa harrisii Fitch, Det. P. Adams ) [cocoon pinned with specimen; CNC]. 1♂, em[erged] 17.viii.1939 (F.I.Survey 1939, Record No. 8552B) [collector unknown] / [hand-written] (Ottawa) / [paper rectangle with a green and yellow band at one end] / [paper disc, bluish-green] / [type-written] (2580) / ( Chrysopa harrisii Fitch, Det. P. Adams ) [cocoon pinned with specimen; CNC]. 1? [abdomen missing], em[erged] 12.ix.1939 (F.I.Survey 1939, Record No. 8552B) [collector unknown] / ( Chrysopa harrisii Fitch, WCM 181) / [hand-written] (Ottawa) / [paper rectangle with a green and yellow band at one end] / [type-written] (2582) / ( Chrysopa harrisii Fitch, Det. P. Adams ) [cocoon pinned with specimen; CNC]. FLIGHT PERIOD: May 18 (1974; Dunnville ON)–October 1 (1976; Saint Lawrence Islands National Park, Thwartway Island ON).

MB: T = 1 (♂). FIRST RECORD: 1♂, Fort Garry, Host: Jack Pine, em[erged] 6.viii.[19]47 (FIS, W-368) [collector unknown] / [type-written] (59) / [hand-written] (54-23) / [paper disc, bluish-green] / [paper rectangle with a green and orange band at one end, inscribed by hand] (3065) / ( Chrysopa harrisii Fitch, Det. P. Adams ) [cocoon pinned with specimen; CNC]. FLIGHT PERIOD: [unknown]. LOCALITIES: Fort Garry 182 [49°50'29"N 97°09'00"W; CNC].

NS: T = 8 (4♂, 4♀). FIRST RECORD: 1♂, Sable Island, Main Station, 21.vii.1976 (Barry Wright) [NSM]. FLIGHT PERIOD: July 21 (1976; Sable Island)–August 11–14 (1978; Sable Island). LOCALITIES: Sable Island 183, Main Station / Sable Island, Met[eorological] Station [43°57'N 59°55'W; CNC, NSM].

ON: T = 182 (88♂, 87♀, 7?) + 1 larva. FIRST RECORD: 1♂, C[entral] E[xperimental] F[arm], from pine, emerg[ed] 16.viii.[19]11 [collector unknown] / ( Chrysopa harrisii Fitch, Det. P. Adams ‘61) [cocoon pinned with specimen; CNC]. NEW RECORDS: 1♂, Breslau, Waterloo County / 18052H30, 124a1, 20.vii.[19]30 / Host: European Pine Shoot Moth, Rhyaciona [sic] buoliana (Schiff.) [collector unknown; CNC]. 1♀, Breslau, Waterloo County / 18052H30, 124a1, 20.vii.[19]30 / Host: European Pine Shoot Moth, Rhyaciona [sic] buoliana (Schiff.) [collector unknown; CNC]. 1♀, Breslau, 1930 (A.R. Graham) / 18052H30, 124a1, 20.vii.[19]30 / Host: European Pine Shoot Moth, Rhyaciona [sic] buoliana (Schiff.) [CNC]. 1♂, Cent [ral] Exp[erimental] Farm, Ottawa, vi.1967 (J.F. McAlpine) / Reared from Pineus similis on Picea glauca , em[erged] 7–9.vii.1967 [CNC]. 1♀, Eldyne, W[hite] Spruce, em[erged] 29.viii.1942 (FIS 1942, Rec[ord] 7177D) [collector unknown] / [a separate hand-written label] (Ottawa) / [type-written] (2574) / ( Chrysopa harrisii Fitch, Det. P. Adams ) / (Adams Slide No. 6-III-67.2) [cocoon pinned with specimen; CNC]. 3♂, 3♀, Golden L[ake], 18.viii.1965 (J.E.H. Martin) [reared; cocoons on individual pine needles pinned with specimens; CNC]. 2♂, 1♀, 1? [abdomen missing], Hamilton / 18082H30, 109a 7, 20.vii.[19]30 / Host: European Pine Shoot Moth, Rhyaciona [sic] buoliana (Schiff.) [collector unknown; reared; cocoons on individual pine needles pinned with specimens; CNC]. 6♂, 5♀, Maynooth, 18.viii.1965 (J.E.H. Martin) [reared; cocoons on individual pine needles pinned with specimens; CNC]. 1♂, 2♀, S[ain]t Lawrence Is[lands] Nat[ional] Park, Thwartway Is[land] / Code 4484-N, 22.viii.1976 (Reid) [CNC]. 1♂, S[ain]t Lawrence Is [lands] Nat [ional] Park, Thwartway Is [land] / Code 4800-R, 1.x.1976 (R.A. Turner) [CNC]. FLIGHT PERIOD: May 18 (1974; Dunnville)– October 1 (1976; Saint Lawrence Islands National Park, Thwartway Island ). LOCALITIES: Agincourt [43°47'N 79°17'W; UG]. Ballentrae [Ballantrae, 44°02'N 79°18'W; CNC]. Baxter [44°15'N 79°50'W; LEM]. Biscotasing [47°17'N 82°06'W; CNC]. Breslau / Breslau, Waterloo County [43°28'N 80°25'W; CNC]. Cent [ral] Exp [erimental] Farm , Ottawa / C[entral] E[xperimental] F[arm] [Ottawa, 45°16'N 75°45'W; CNC]. Chalk River [46°01'N 77°27'W; LEM]. Chatham [42°24'N 82°11'W; UWO]. Dunnville [42°54'N 79°37'W; UG]. Eldyne 184 [Cloyne, 44°49'N 77°11'W; CNC]. F[or]t Frances [48°36'N 93°24'W; CNC]. Go Home Bay [44°59'N 79°56'W; CNC]. Golden L [ake] [45°35'N 77°14'W; CNC]. Grimsby [43°12'N 79°34'W; UG]. Guelph [43°33'N 80°15'W; UG]. Hamilton [43°14'N 79°57'W; CNC, MCMU]. Madawaska [45°30'N 77°59'W; CNC]. Maynooth [45°14'N 77°57'W; CNC]. Meaford [44°36'N 80°44'W; UG]. Pontypool [44°06'N 78°38'W; CNC]. Port Credit [43°33'N 79°35'W; ROM]. S[ain]t Davids [43°10'N 79°07'W; UG]. S[ain]t Lawrence Is [lands] Nat [ional] Park , Thwartway Is [land] 185, Code 4484-N / S[ain]t Lawrence Is [lands] Nat [ional] Park , Thwartway Is [land], Code 4800-R [Leek Island, 44°18'N 76°09'W; CNC]. Sauble Beach [44°38'N 81°16'W; GLFRC]. Sault S [ain]t[e] Marie [46°31'N 84°20'W; GLFRC]. Toronto [43°42'N 79°25'W; ROM]. Whitby [43°53'N 78°56'W; UG].

QC: T = 43 (19♂, 24♀). FIRST RECORD: 1♀, Berthierville, 7.vii.1930 (L. Daviault) [CSQ]. FLIGHT PERIOD: 4 June (1976; Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue)–7 September (1948; Berthierville). LOCALITIES: Berthierville [46°05'N 73°11'W; UdeM]. S[ain]te Anne de Bellevue / Morgan Arboretum [Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, 45°24'11"N 73°56'58"W; LEM].

Chrysoperla harrisii occurs in Canada, mainly Ontario and Quebec. Manitoba is the western-most province from which this species has been authenticated in Canada ( Garland 1985a, and above); in the United States, the only reliable western records are from Minnesota ( Parfin 1952) and Wisconsin ( Throne 1971). Sable Island NS is the only authenticated locality in Atlantic Canada. Canadian localities in literature for which no specimen has been seen, are: Comox and Victoria BC ( Smith 1932, as Chrysopa harrisii ; also cited by Spencer 1942, as C. harrisii ; cited as BC by M.J. Tauber and Tauber 1974, as C. harrisii ; cited as BC by Penny et al. 1997, as Chrysoperla harrisii ) 186, and Niagara ON ( Putman 1932b, as Chrysopa downesi ; Smith 1932, as C. downesi ; Putman 1937, as C.? downesi ). Alaskan localities in literature for which no specimen has been seen, are: Fort Yukon AK ( Bickley and MacLeod 1956, as Chrysopa harrisii ). 187 All specimens reported here are documented with data in Garland (1982 [ 1984]), or as new records (above). Based on label data, adults have been taken at light and associated with Fir, Pine (Red Pine, White Pine), and Robinia trees; also, they have been reared from larvae or cocoons found on Picea glauca, Pine, Jack Pine, and Red Pine / Pinus resinosa , and from larvae feeding on the European Pine Shoot Moth Rhyacionia buoliana (Denis and Schiffermüller) , and the Spruce Gall Adelgid Pineus similis (Gillette) . Cocoons are yellowish-brown; those from Golden Lake ON and Maynooth ON were fastened by silk to the adaxial surface of pine needles pinned with the specimens. Bionomic notes on this species in literature pertaining to Canada have been summarised ( Garland 1985a).