Entomobryomorpha, Borner, 1913

Mehrafrooz Mayvan, Mahmood, Sadeghi-Namaghi, Hussein, Shayanmehr, Masoumeh & Greenslade, Penelope, 2022, Contribution to the knowledge of Entomobryomorpha (Hexapoda: Collembola) from Northeastern Iran with new records and a key to the species, Journal of Insect Biodiversity and Systematics 8 (2), pp. 151-174 : 164-166

Key to the Entomobryomorpha species in Northeast of Iran

(Adapted from Potapov, 2001; Fjellberg, 2007; Soto-Adames et al., 2008; Jordana, 2012).

1. Body without scale or with a cover of sparse ciliated Mac (absent in two species), Abd IV–VI distinct, but if fused then shorter than length of Th II to Abd III ( Isotomidae ). ..................................................................... 4

— Body with scale or with a cover of dense ciliated Mac ( Fig. 6B–F), PAO absent. If present (one species), then strongly lobed. .................................................................................................................................................. 2

2. Mucro short, hook-like ( Entomobryidae ).. .......................................................................................................... 14

— Mucro long, elongate. ................................................................................................................................................ 3

3. Large species (up to 4–5 mm) with pigment and dark eye-spots. Ant strongly prolonged. Mucro with chaetae ( Tomoceridae ), Tib with several differentiated Mac on inner surface, Mid-section of mucro with more than 3 teeth, Dorsal spines of dens simple. ..................................... Tomocerus vulgaris (Tullberg, 1871)

— Small (<1.5 mm) white species without eyes. Ant normal. PAO absent. Mucro only with apical and subapical teeth. Dens dorsally with flattened, blade-like chaetae...................................... Cyphoderus Nicolet

4. PAO absent. Only white species without eyes, Mucro 3 toothed ( Isotomiella Bagnall ). .................................. 5

— PAO present. Pigmented and some white species, Mucro 2 or 3 toothed......................................................... 6

5. Man with 4+4 anterior chaetae (2+2, 1+1, 1+1), and 2+2 lateral chaetae. ............... I. gracilimucronata Rusek, 1981

— Man with 5(6) + 5(6) anterior chaetae (2+2, 2+2 – 3+3, 1+1), and 3+3 lateral chaetae. I. minor (Schäffer, 1896)

6. All segments of Abd IV–VI fused ( Folsomia Willem ). ........................................................................................... 7

— Abd IV demarcated from Abd V. ............................................................................................................................ 8

7. Man with 1+1 ventroapical chaetae, Ocelli 2+2, Th 2 with hind corner sensillum set within the p-row......... ............................................................................................................................... F. quadrioculata (Tullberg, 1871)

— Man with more than 1+1 ventroapical chaetae, Ocelli 2+2, microsens on Th III and Abd III present. ............ .............................................................................................................................................. F. penicula Bagnall, 1939

8. Man with six or fewer mid-ventral anterior chaetae. ........................................................................................... 9

— Man with at least eight chaetae in the mid-ventral anterior group. ................................................................. 10

9. Man with two or more anterior chaetae, Abd V–VI fused, 5+5 ocelli........ Hemisotoma pontica (Stach 1947)

— Man without anterior chaetae, Abd V–VI clearly demarcated, 2+2 ocelli...... Folsomides parvulus Stach, 1922

10. Tricho present on Abd IV, usually also on Abd II–III. Ventral tube with 3+3 laterodistal chaetae (rarely with more). ...................................................................................................... Isotomurus graminis Fjellbeg, 2007

— Tricho absent. If ventral tube has 3+3 lateral chaetae, then labial palp with 3 or 4 proximal chaetae. ....... 11

11. Subapical chaetae of dens long which extends beyond tip of mucro. Maxillary outer lobe without sublobal hairs. ......................................................................................................................................... Agrenia Börner, 1906

— Apical chaetae of dens shorter, not extending beyond tip of mucro. Maxillary outer lobe with 4 sublobal hairs.. ......................................................................................................................................................................... 12

12. Ocelli at most 4–5 on each side. Eye-spots small, square or punctual with 3–4 ocelli on each side, Mucro with 3 teeth.................................................................................................. Parisotoma notabilis (Schäffer, 1896)

— Ocelli 5–8 on each side. Eye-spot large, elongate, Mucro with 3 or 4 teeth. .................................................... 13

13. Tib mostly with 11 apical chaetae. Man with normal, slender ventroapical chaetae, Mucro with 3 teeth, Maxillary palp trifurcate. Abd V macrochaetae smooth, shorter than tergite. Ventral tube with 3+3 lateroapical chaetae. ............................................................................... Desoria trispinata (MacGillivray, 1896)

— Tib with 8 apical chaetae. Man ventroapical chaetae spine-like, Ventroapical manubrial teeth simple, Mucro usually with a minute fourth tooth on the ventral edge, Abd V macrochaetae more than twice as long as tergite, Body uniformly coloured, without 3 longitudinal lines............ Isotoma viridis Bourlet, 1839

14. Abd IV in dorsal midline about 1.5 as long as Abd III ( Fig. 6A). Ant I with a basal short subsegment ( Orchesellidae ). ........................................................................................................................................................ 15

— Abd IV in dorsal midline more than twice as long as Abd III ( Fig. 6B). Ant I not subdivided ( Entomobryidae ). ..................................................................................................................................................... 19 15. Body with scales ( Fig. 6D). Body pigment absent or pale ( Heteromurinae ). .................................................. 16

— Body with normal chaetae only, no scales. Body with characteristic colour patterns ( Orchesella Templeton ). .................................................................................................................................................................................... 18

16. Abd II with 1+1 central mac, dental spines usually absent. .................................. Heteromurtrella Mari Mutt

— Abd II with 2+2 central mac, Mucro with basal spine ( Heteromurus Wankel, 1860 )....................................... 17

17. 1+1 ocelli, Man with about 10+10 smooth dorsal chaetae, scales present on Ant III and legs. ........................ ...................................................................................................................................... H. nitidus (Templeton, 1835)

— 8+8 ocelli, Man without smooth dorsal chaetae, second row of base of labium without smooth chaetae. ..... ................................................................................................................................. H. variabilis (Martynova, 1974)

18. Dorsal disc of Abd III entirely dark, only Abd III dark pigmented, Abd II pale. .... O. cincta (Linnaeus, 1758)

— Abd III at most with dorsolateral dark spots as part of longitudinal bands of the body or dark pattern broken into spots, Body with dorsolateral continuous longitudinal bands running from Th II to Abd II or further. Abd II never with a dark transverse band. Ant dark from base to tip of Ant II. ................................. ....................................................................................................................................... O. flavescens (Bourlet, 1839)

19. Tricho 2, 3, 3 on Abd II–IV; tergal sens formula as 11|022–3; mucro falcate without basal spine or lamella; scales present ( Seirinae ), Th III with 15 central Mac. ......... Seira atlantica Negri, Pellecchia & Fanciulli, 2005

— Tricho 2, 3, 2 on Abd II–IV; tergal sens formula not 11|022–3; mucro falcate or bidentate; scales present or absent. ....................................................................................................................................................................... 20

20. Body with normal chaetae only, no scales. .......................................................................................................... 21

— Body with chaetae and transparent scales (which easily fall off). .................................................................... 23

21. Ocelli absent or 2+2, body without distinct colour patterns. Dens abruptly constricted just before tip. ....... ................................................................................................................................................................ Sinella Brook

— Ocelli 8+8, most species with distinct colour patterns. Dens more gradually tapering towards tip. .......... 22

22. Mucro with two teeth, Chaetae on body not flattened, Abd III either completely dark.................................... ....................................................................................................................... Entomobrya corticalis (Nicolet, 1841)

— Mucro falcate, large Mac present on anterior margin of Th II, Mucro with basal spine. .. Drepanura Schott

23. Body scales pointed ( Fig. 6E), with sharp striae, absent ventrally on dens ( Willowsiinae ). ........................ 24

— Body scales rounded, without sharp striae, also present ventrally on dens. .................................................. 25

24. Mucro falcate, Mucronal basal spine present. ........................................................................ Drepanosira Bonet

— Mucro bidentate, Mucronal basal spine absent, Scales absent on Man, Abd II–III with dark blue pigment, at least partly........................................................................................................... Willowsia bartkei Stach, 1965

25. Ocelli 8+8, on large ocellar spots, ( Lepidocyrtus Bourlet ); Head with Mac S and T present between the eyes. ..................................................................................................................................... L. lanuginosus (Gmelin, 1788)

— Ocelli 0–4 on each side, ocellar spots small or absent ( Pseudosinella Schäffer ); Ocelli 4+4, Th 2 with one posterior Mac. ........................................................................................... P. octopunctata (Böner, 1901)