Zagurya eusquamosa ( Frey, 1975 ), 2021

Fuhrmann, Juares, 2021, Zagurya, a new genus from Brazil with notes on claw movement in Macrodactylini (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae), Zootaxa 5016 (3), pp. 395-406 : 400-401

Zagurya eusquamosa ( Frey, 1975) , new combination

Plectris eusquamosa Frey, 1975: 254 ; Evans 2003: 316 (checklist); Evans & Smith 2009: 272 (checklist).

Male description ( Figs. 5−7 , 9–13 ). Length 17.5−19.0 mm, greatest width 9.0− 9.7 mm at the middle of elytra. Surface black and some areas of elytra, legs, and venter dark reddish brown. Body with scale-like setae and sparse hair-like setae, except for disc of metaventrite with dense hair-like setae. Scale-like setae white, rarely grey; lateral areas of pronotum, elytra, pygidium, and abdominal ventrites with orange or yellow scale-like setae. Dorsal surface with some glabrous and shiny areas. Head with epistomal suture sinuous, eye large in dorsal view and interocular distance 3.3 times wider than eye width (measures taken at medial area of eyes), frons with a thin, longitudinal area glabrous and shiny. Clypeus trapezoidal, anterior margin slightly emarginate and upturned, ventral area not vertically deflected; anterior and posterior angles rounded, posterior angles not forming part of canthus area ( Fig. 4 ). Labrum horizontal and narrow. Maxillae with palpi bearing four palpomeres. Labium ( Fig. 20 ) longer than wide, submentum fused with gula, mentum with a shallow longitudinal groove, prementum fused with ligula and distal margin slightly emarginate, palpi with three palpomeres. Antennae ( Fig. 18 ) with ten antennomeres and clava with three lamellae, clava as long as pedicel and funicle combined. Pronotum slightly wider than long (width/length = 1.3), widest at middle, medial area with longitudinal shallow groove, anterior margin not beaded, lateral margins beaded and with a row of long setae, posterior margin not beaded except for a short marginal bead close to posterior angle; anterior angles acute, lateral angles rounded, posterior angles obtuse. Hypomeron separated from posterior fold of pronotum by an angulate margin. Prosternum with an anteromedial rugose area, without carina or depression; each precoxal area 4 times wider than long, glabrous; posterior process flat and almost straight. Scutellum posteriorly rounded, as long as wide, limit of mesoscutum−scutellum angulate ( Fig. 5 ). Elytra with rugopunctate areas mixed with glabrous and shiny areas, humerus convex, distal knob convex, striae indistinct; outer margin beaded, proximal two third of inner margin not beaded, distal third of inner margins beaded, distal margin not beaded, outer marginal membrane present and indistinct in anterior third. Metaventrite in contact with mesepimeron, this contact separates the metepisternum from mesocoxal cavity. Prothoracic legs with inner area of femur bearing a carina between posterior tibial articulation and apex of trochanter; tibia wide and bearing a spur and two outer teeth ( Figs. 11 , 21 ); claws bifid and gradually curved; empodium long. Mesothoracic legs with inner area of femur bearing a carina between posterior tibial articulation and apex of trochanter, carina contiguous to anterior tibial articulation; tibia wide ( Figs. 11 , 23 ) and with one spur ( Fig. 24 ), area of transverse carina I with a spiny outer seta ( Figs. 23–24 ), carina II indistinct; tarsomeres I−IV wider than long ( Fig. 23 ), I with an inner hook-like tooth ( Fig. 24 ); claws simple and gradually curved; empodium long. Metathoracic legs with femur similar to mesofemur; tibia wide and with two spurs ( Figs. 27–28 ), area of carina I with some stout long setae, carina II indistinct; tarsomeres I−II densely setose ( Fig. 27 ), tarsomere IV with two well-defined groups of inner spiny setae, one at apex and other at proximal area ( Fig. 34 ), tarsomere V with an inner raised carina ( Figs. 34–35 ); claws simple and gradually curved; empodium long. Abdomen with pygidium parabolic ( Fig. 13 ), longer than wide, with longitudinal area glabrous; medial area of ventrite V as long as VI or III−IV combined; intersegmental membrane not exposed between ventrite V and VI. Spiculum gastrale ( Fig. 30 ) with proximal piece short; sternite IX divided in two lateral parts and with posterior setae. Aedeagus ( Figs. 31–32 ) with phallobase and apodeme wide, apodeme with a ventral thickened area, dorsal area of phallobase with lateral oblique prominences; parameres with lateral shallow concavity, inner and distal outer margins setose.

Female ( Figs. 2, 8 , 14–17 ). Length 16.0−17.0 mm, greatest width 8.7−9.0 mm at the middle of elytra. Similar to male with the following characters. Head with epistomal suture medially indistinct; clypeus semicircular and margin slightly upturned; antennae ( Fig. 19 ) slightly shorter than in male and with similar proportions. Legs with femurs bearing inner longitudinal carina slightly distinct; protibia narrow ( Fig. 22 ), mesotibia narrow and with two spurs ( Fig. 25 ), carina I area with some stout long setae, metatibia narrow ( Fig. 26 ); mesotarsomere I without inner tooth, I−IV longer than wide, claws of mesotarsus bifid. Abdomen with pygidium triangular ( Fig. 17 ), wider than long; ventrite VI narrow and transverse. Terminalia ( Fig. 33 ) with proctiger and paraprocts indistinct, two pair of gonocoxites present, outer-proximal pair bar-like and with medial setae, inner-distal pair quadrangular and with inner margin barely distinct, area between distal gonocoxites with a stout membrane bearing some minute setae, gonostyle absent.

Type series. Female holotype at NHMB ( Fig. 2 ) and labelled ( Fig. 3 ): [ Serra Caraça - 1380 m | MG - Brasil - XI-961 | Klass, Lenko, | Martins & Silva col.] [Museum Frey | Tutzing] [Periera] {Periera {sic} = Pereira} [♀] [Type | Plectris | eusquamosus | G. Frey 19 74].

Type locality. Brazil, Minas Gerais, Reserva Particular do Patrimônio Natural do Caraça .

Distribution. Four specimens (two males and two females) were collected at Serra do Caraça. The female holotype as collected at 1380 m and a male at 1400 m. According to Dr. Fernando Frieiro-Costa (collector, personal communication) a male was observed ( Figs. 6–7 ) in a riparian woodland (“mata ciliar”) at Banho do Belchior (20°06’51’’S, 43°29’28’’W, Fig. 1 ) at 1540 m. A female was collected ( Fig. 8 ) by Dr. Frederico Falcão Salles also close to watercourse (Peixe Tolo River) by using a light trap (6:00 to 8:00 pm) and at Serra do Intendente (specimen studied using photographs).

Material examined (5). BRAZIL, MINAS GERAIS, Conceição do Mato Dentro municipality, Serra do Intendente, Refúgio do Peixe Tolo , 19°00’27.77’’ S, 43°35’52.20’’ W, light trap, 28−30.xi.2020, F. F. Salles (collector), 1 female (specimen studied using photographs at Universidade Federal de Viçosa); Serra do Caraça, 1380 m, Klass, Karol Lenko, Ubirajara Martins, and Silva (collectors), 1 female (holotype NHMB), 1400 m, E. Gounelle (collector), 1 male ( BMNH); Santa Barbara municipality, Serra do Caraça, xi.1993, A. Bello (collector), 1 female ( CEMT); Catas Altas municipality, Serra do Caraça, Banho do Belchior , 16.xi.2012, F. Frieiro-Costa (collector), 1 male ( CEMT) .

Figures

FIGURES 1–8. Specimen and habitat of Zagurya eusquamosa (Frey, 1975), new combination. 1, Banho do Belchior, Santuário do Caraça (credits: Santuário do Caraça); 2–3, female holotype (dorsal and labels; credits: Christoph Germann); 4, head of male (left side showing posterior angle of clypeus (red) not in canthus area (green)); 5, scutellum (arrow showing the angulate contact of mesoscutum−scutellum); 6–7, male at Banho do Belchior locality (credits: Fernando Frieiro-Costa); 8, female at Refúgio do Peixe Tolo locality (credits: Frederico Falcão Salles). Scale = 1 mm.

FIGURES 9–17. Zagurya eusquamosa (Frey, 1975), new combination, habitus. 9–13, male (dorsal, latero-dorsal, antero-dorsal, lateral, posterior); 14–17, female (dorsal, antero-dorsal, lateral, posterior). Scale = 4 mm.

FIGURES 18–27. Zagurya eusquamosa (Frey, 1975), new combination, appendages. 18–19, antennae (male, female); 20, labium, ventral (left side with setae omitted); 21–22, protibia–tarsus, anterior (male, female); 23–24, male mesotibia–tarsus (anterior, posterior; some setae omitted); 25, female mesotibia–tarsus, anterior; 26–27, metatibia–tarsus, anterior (male, female). Scale = 1 mm.

FIGURES 34–52. Macrodactylini and other phytophagous Scarabaeidae, distal metatarsomeres and claws, some setae omitted. 34–35, Zagurya eusquamosa (Frey, 1975), new combination (anterior, inner); 36–37, Plectris tomentosa LePeletier & Audinet-Serville, 1828 (anterior, inner); 38–39, Mallotarsus spadiceus Blanchard, 1850 (anterior, inner); 40–44, Ancistrosoma klugi Curtis, 1835; 40–41, anterior (with and without some setae); 42, inner; 43–44, internal section (with empodium protracted and retracted); 45–49, Alvarinus pallidipennis Blanchard, 1850; 45, anterior; 46, internal section; 47–49, inner (with empodium protracted, partially retracted, and fully retracted); 50–51, Hoplia argentea (Poda, 1761), Hopliini (anterior, inner); 52, Rutela lineola (Linnaeus, 1767), Rutelini, inner. Scale = 1 mm.

FIGURES 28–33. Zagurya eusquamosa (Frey, 1975), new combination, appendages and terminalia. 28–29, apex of metatibia (male, female); 30, genital ring; 31, aedeagus, lateral; 32, parameres, distal; 33, female terminalia, posterior (left side with setae represented by their puncture). dgc, distal piece of gonocoxite; dsp, distal piece of spiculum gastrale; pgc, proximal piece of gonocoxite; psp, proximal piece of spiculum gastrale (apodeme); scm, second connective membrane (connecting genital ring to aedeagus); st9, abdominal sternite IX; tcm, third connective membrane (connecting abdominal segment VIII to genital ring). Scale = 1 mm.