Austrosimulium australense (Schiner) 1868

Craig, Douglas A. & Crosby, Trevor K., 2008, Gynandromorphs of New Zealand Austrosimulium spp. (Diptera: Simuliidae), Zootaxa 1811 (1), pp. 57-68 : 61

Austrosimulium australense (Schiner) 1868 .

Of the eight A. australense gynandromorphs, only one (#6) has the left side of the head fully female, with the right side male ( Table 2 ). Five others (#1, 2, 3, 5, 7) express female characteristics on the right side of the head. Another (#4) with fully male eyes on both sides is slightly dichoptic (Fig 10). One (#8) has a fully female head in all respects. All antennae, with one exception (#3), appear to be female. Mouthparts are always completely male (e.g., Fig 10), except for #8. Four (#3-6) have a fully expressed, domed male thorax. One #1 has a fully female thorax, two (#2, 7) have largely male thoraxes. All, except two, have either male or female claws on each leg; the exceptions are #1 with all female claws and #8 with all male. Four (#3, 6, 7, 8) have essentially unmodified male genitalia.

Specimen #3 possesses a spermatophore (Fig. 11), a sperm packet deposited by male simuliids ( Davies 1965). This is firmly placed between the 7th and 8th sternites - definitive evidence that this individual had mated!

Two specimens (#4, 5) have mixtures of male and female genitalia similar to that of A. ungulatum (e.g., Fig 14); one of these (#5) has a swollen abdomen that on dissection showed only undifferentiated yolk. One specimen #1 only has fully expressed female genitalia.