Impatiens, IN

Smets, E. F. & Janssens, S. B., 2018, Balsaminaceae of Myanmar, Blumea 63 (3), pp. 199-267 : 209-211

KEY TO THE SPECIES OF IMPATIENS IN MYANMAR

1. Fruits 4-lobed, ovary 4-carpellate or 4-lobed; lower lateral united petals connate (except in I. laevigata )................................... 2 (sect. Semeiocardium )

1. Fruits 5-lobed, ovary 5-carpellate or 5-lobed; lower lateral united petals free.............................. 9

2. Lateral united petals free; upper pair of lateral sepals linear.................................. 2. I. laevigata

2. Lateral united petals connate; upper pair of lateral sepals ovate to elliptic or absent........................ 3

3. Perennial shrub, (45–) 150–300 cm tall; basal stems grey, 10–80 mm diam.............................. 4

3. Annual herb, 15–40(–100) cm tall; stem green to red to purple, 2–7(–22) mm diam...................... 5

4. Pedicels shorter than petioles............ 3. I. parishii

4. Pedicels longer than petioles............. 4. I. kerriae

5. Flowers non-resupinate, very small, up to 10 mm, spur facing upward and incurved............ 5. I. capillipes

5. Flowers resupinate, bigger than 10 mm, spur downward, incurved or straight............................ 6

6. Lower sepal navicular ( Fig. 2q, r)................. 7

6. Lower sepal deeply bucciniform ( Fig. 2 ba, bc)....... 8

7. Lateral sepals 2; upper petals and lower lateral united petals similar in shape and size............ 6. I. lobbiana

7. Lateral sepals 4; upper lateral united petal less than half of the lower lateral united petal in length 7. I. micromeris

8. Flowers zygomorphic; pedicel pendulous; spur short, hook-like, shorter than 6 mm ............... 8. I. psittacina

8. Flowers asymmetric; pedicel erect; spur curved, longer than 10 mm ................... 9. I. tanintharyiensis

9. Fruits linear, clavate or cylindrical................ 10

9. Fruits fusiform............................... 29

10. Inflorescence 1–3-flowered; crest of abaxial dorsal petal with long acute appendage; fruits linear or cylindrical........................ 10. I. forrestii (sect. Impatiens )

10. Inflorescence many-flowered (except I. prainii ); abaxial dorsal petal without long acute appendage; fruits linear............................. 11 (sect. Racemosae )

11. Inflorescence verticillate....................... 12

11. Inflorescence racemose....................... 13

12. Spur 17–24 mm ...................... 11. I. radiata

12. Spur longer than 25 mm ............ 12. I. graciliflora

13. Lower sepal spurless.......................... 14

13. Lower sepal spurred.......................... 15

14. Leaves ovate.......... 13. I. margaritifera var. humilis

14. Leaves narrowly elliptic to narrowly oblanceolate..................................... 14. I. casseabriae

15. Lower sepal navicular,deeply navicular, deeply bucciniform, or infundibular............................... 16

15. Lower sepal bucciniform ( Fig. 2 al–4aw)........... 26

16. Spur incurved..................... 15. I. racemosa

16. Spur straight or upcurved...................... 17

17. Bracts persistent............................. 18

17. Bracts caducous............................. 22

18. Lower sepal infundibular ( Fig. 2 be), spur straight...................................... 22. I. holocentra

18. Lower sepal navicular or deeply bucciniform, spur dilate to upcurved................................... 19

19. Spur strongly upcurved................16. I. siculifer

19. Spur dilate to slightly upcurved.................. 20

20. Lower sepal deeply bucciniform, spur dilate at the middle ( Fig. 2 bd)..................17. I. austroyunnanensis

20. Lower sepal navicular, narrowed into spur......... 21

21. Leaves narrowly elliptic to narrowly lanceolate; petals purple............................... 18. I. prainii

21. Leaves ovate to elliptic; petals yellow.. 19. I. bracteolata

22. Leaves ovate or elliptic........................ 23

22. Leaves narrowly elliptic or linear-oblong........... 25

23. Upper lateral petals equal in size with lower lateral petals.................................... 20. I. citrina

23. Upper lateral petals <2/3 of the lower lateral petals.. 24

24. Lateral sepals with long-awned apex, dorsal petal reflexed at the middle.................. 21. I. drepanophora

24. Lateral sepals mucronate, dorsal petal not reflexed.................................... 22. I. holocentra

25. Leaves narrowly elliptic............ 23. I. kachinensis

25. Leaves linear-oblong............. 24. I. sarissiformis

26. Lateral sepals 4.................. 25. I. chimiliensis

26. Lateral sepals 2.............................. 27

27. Bracts 7.5–12 mm long, completely covering the young flower.......................... 26. I. sinlumiensis

27. Bracts up to 7 mm long, not covering the young flower.. ........................................... 28

28. Apex of bracts and lateral sepals with long awn....................................... 27. I. clavicuspis

28. Apex of bracts and lateral sepals acute to acuminate.................................. 28. I. ceratophora

29. Fruits fusiform or cylindrical, 20–25 mm long, inflorescence a subscorpioid cyme or fascicle (if a fascicle, then sepals 4 and roots fleshy, fasciculate).................. 30

29. Fruits fusiform, 5–16 (rarely –20) mm long (if long fusiform, then not with fasciculate storage roots); inflorescence a fascicle with 2 (or 3) flowers (rarely a raceme with 2(–5) flowers)....................... 31 (sect. Uniflorae )

30. Inflorescence a fascicle with 2 (or 3) flowers; lateral sepals 4................. 29. I. arguta (sect. Fasciculatae )

30. Inflorescence a subscorpioid cyme with 3–5(–25) flowers; lateral sepals 2..... 30. I. duclouxii (sect. Scorpioidae )

31. Peduncle absent or indistinct; flower solitary or in a fascicle........................................ 32

31. Peduncle distinct; inflorescence racemose......... 43

32. Leaves decussate or subdecussate.............. 33

32. Leaves spirally arranged....................... 37

33. Flowers spurless.................. 31. I. ecalcarata

33. Flowers spurred.............................. 34

34. Lateral sepals ovate................. 32. I. masonii

34. Lateral sepals linear.......................... 35

35. Flowers 35–45 mm long............. 33. I. chinensis

35. Flowers less than 20 mm long................... 36

36. Leaves linear to narrowly oblong, up to 7 mm wide....................................... 34. I. helferi

36. Leaves ovate, elliptic, to oblong, wider than 15 mm ................................... 35. I. oppositifolia

37. Flowers spurless.................... 36. I. decurva

37. Flowers spurred............................. 38

38. Stem stout; leaves narrowly elliptic to lanceolate...................................... 37. I. balsamina

38. Stem slender; leaves ovate to elliptic to obovate to narrowly ovate...................................... 39

39. Leaves mostly crowded towards the apex of stems and branches................................... 40

39. Leaves not crowded towards the apex of stems and branches......................................... 41

40. Dorsal petal flat, fruiting pedicels strongly recurved...................................... 38. I. curvipes

40. Dorsal petal cucullate, fruiting pedicels spreading or slightly recurved.......................... 39. I. florulenta

41. Upper lateral united petal oblong..... 40. I. oblongata

41. Upper lateral united petal obovate to oblanceolate... 42

42. Flowers longer than 13 mm ............ 41. I. violiflora

42. Flowers shorter than 12 mm long........ 42. I. mokimi

43. Inflorescence more than 5-flowered, peduncle long; upper lateral petal shorter than 1/3 of the lower petal, lower petal without auricle............................... 44

43. Inflorescence with 3–5 flowers, peduncle short; upper lateral petal longer than 1/2 of the lower petal, lower petal with auricle.................................. 50

44. Flowers longer than 25 mm long................. 45

44. Flowers shorter, up to 20 mm long............... 46

45. Leaves decussate; lateral sepals elliptic to ovate.......................................... 43. I. allanii

45. Leaves spirally arranged; lateral sepals orbicular...................................... 44. I. hartnolliae

46. Leaves oblanceolate............... 45. I. parkinsonii

46. Leaves ovate to elliptic........................ 47

47. Lower sepal spurless, lateral sepals orbicular to broadly ovate............................ 46. I. peguana

47. Lower sepal spurred, lateral sepals linear to ovate... 48

48. Lateral sepals linear, spur shorter than 10 mm, incurved ( Fig. 2h)........................ 47. I. circaeoides

48. Lateral sepals ovate, spur globose or linear........ 49

49. Spur linear, straight to slightly curved ( Fig. 2m), longer than 15 mm ........................ 48. I. rangoonensis

49. Spur globose ( Fig. 2f)............... 49. I. tavoyana

50. Petiole base with several glands................. 51

50. Petiole base without glands..................... 52

51. Peduncle short (up to 2 mm)........... 50. I. tripetala

51. Peduncle long (longer than 4 mm)....... 51. I. trilobata

52. Apices of the two upper lateral petals connate; sepals large and densely pilose.............. 52. I. kingdon­wardii

52. Apex of upper petals free; sepals not as above..... 53

53. Flowers shorter than 15 mm long; lower sepal shallowly navicular to bucciniform....................... 54

53. Flowers longer than 20 mm long, lower sepal bucciniform....................................... 55

54. Lower sepal shallowly navicular........ 53. I. xanthina

54. Lower sepal bucciniform........... 54. I. fugongensis

55. Apex of upper lateral united petal acute or cuspidate. 56

55. Apex of upper lateral united petal rounded......... 57

56. Flowers yellow...................... 55. I. striolata

56. Flowers white..................... 56. I. putaoensis

57. Stem pilose, at least in upper part............... 58

57. Stem glabrous............................... 61

58. Flowers pink to purple......................... 59

58. Flowers orange to yellow.............. 57. I. porrecta

59. Lamina and peduncle glabrous...... 58. I. erubescens

59. Lamina and peduncle pilose.................... 60

60. Dorsal petal cristate................. 59. I. khasiana

60. Dorsal petal spurred............ 60. I. kamtilongensis

61. Leaf margin with many long hairs, up to 10 mm long........................................ 61. I. lacei

61. Leaf margin without long hairs.................. 62

62. Lateral sepals falcate to obliquely ovate; stem erect................................... 62. I. andersonii

62. Lateral sepals ovate to lanceolate; stem erect or decumbent....................................... 63

63. Plant decumbent, stems up to 12 cm tall. 63. I. delicata

63. Plant erect, taller than (10–) 15–60 cm ............ 64

64. Flowers bluish purple.......... 64. I. gongshanensis

64. Flowers orange to reddish orange....... 65. I. pulchra