Asymma, Grishin, 2021

Zhang, Jing, Cong, Qian, Shen, Jinhui, Opler, Paul A. & Grishin, Nick V., 2021, Genomics-guided refinement of butterfly taxonomy, The Taxonomic Report of the International Lepidoptera Survey 9 (3), pp. 1-55 : 22

Asymma Grishin, new genus

http://zoobank.org/ 901035D7-E6D1-4F16-A1FD-BA85C48AAC50

Type species. Symmachia virgatula Stichel, 1910 .

Definition. This group of species is currently placed in Symmachia Hübner, [1819] (type species Symmachia probetrix Hübner, [1819] , which is Papilio probetor Stoll, 1782 ) but is not monophyletic with it (Fig. 18). It originates early in the radiation of the Symmachiini core group, a possible, but weakly supported sister to Phaenochitonia Stichel, 1910 (type species Papilio cingulus Stoll, 1790 ) sensu lato (see below), and therefore is a genus. Similar to Symmachia and Tigria gen. n. and is distinguished from them by the following combination of characters (at least in males): forewing costa concave in the middle, as in most Symmachia but different from Tigria gen. n., wings red-orange to yellow, bordered and partly striped or spotted at least along forewing costa with black or dark-brown, without white spots by the forewing apex. The following combination of nuclear genome characters is diagnostic: cne4291.7.6: A1077G, cne4291.7.6:A1064G, cne4291.7.6:A1051G, cne3461.2.5:A1310G, and cne3461.1.15:A3342C.

Etymology. The name is a feminine noun in the nominative singular, formed from the beginning of the former genus name of these species, prefixing it with "a" for "not", because these species cannot possibly belong to Symmachia : A + symma [chia].

Species included. The type species, Synapta arion C. & R. Felder, 1865, Symmachia giffordi P. Jauffret & J. Jauffret, 2010 , Symmachia hippodice Godman, 1903 , Symmachia pardalis Hewitson, 1867 , Symmachia satana J. Hall & Harvey, 2007 , Symmachia stigmosissima Stichel, 1910 , and Symmachia virgaurea Stichel, 1910 .

Parent taxon. Tribe Symmachiini Reuter, 1896 .