Phaenochitonia florus (Fabricius, 1793), 2021

Zhang, Jing, Cong, Qian, Shen, Jinhui, Opler, Paul A. & Grishin, Nick V., 2021, Genomics-guided refinement of butterfly taxonomy, The Taxonomic Report of the International Lepidoptera Survey 9 (3), pp. 1-55 : 24

Phaenochitonia florus (Fabricius, 1793) , new combination

Currently in Mesene Doubleday, 1847 (type species Papilio phareus Cramer,

1777), Hesperia florus Fabricius, 1793 (type locality " Indiis ", likely SE Brazil)

is not monophyletic with it and originates within Phaenochitonia Stichel, 1910

(type species Papilio cingulus Stoll, 1790 ) (Fig. 18 yellow, highlighted in violet,

sequenced specimen shown in Fig. 21), implying Phaenochitonia florus

(Fabricius, 1793) comb. nov. Distinctness of this species from Mesene came as a surprise considering how well it was fitting in that genus on the basis of wing colors, patterns and shape, even reminding of Mesene type species.

Reassessment of Ourocnemis Bethune-Baker, 1887 and Anteros Hübner, [1819]

The tree of Helicopini Stichel, 1928 revealed a distribution of species between the two genera Ourocnemis Bethune-Baker, 1887 (type species

Anteros axiochus Hewitson, 1867 ) and Anteros

Hübner, [1819] (type species Papilio formosus Cramer ,

1777) not as presently attributed (Fig. 22). A number of species placed in Anteros were in the same clade with

Ourocnemis , confirming the suspicion of Hall (1998)

that Anteros may be paraphyletic. Using this phylogenetic result and phenotypic similarities (cream

vs. dark background of wings below) for species with missing DNA data, we transfer four species from

Anteros to Ourocnemis to form the following new combinations: Ourocnemis carausius ( Westwood, 1851) , Ourocnemis principalis (Hopffer, 1874) , Ourocnemis renaldus (Stoll, 1790) , and Ourocnemis aerosus (Stichel, 1924) .