Dalbergia, IN

Adema, F., Ohashi, H. & Sunarno, B., 2016, Notes on Malesian Fabaceae (Leguminosae-Papilionoideae) 17. The genus Dalbergia, Blumea 61 (3), pp. 186-206 : 187-193

KEY TO THE SPECIES OF DALBERGIA IN MALESIA

A. Bracketed key to the species of Dalbergia in Malesia

Note — Some species are very variable and occur several times in the key. However, specimens belonging to D. junghuhnii , D. pinnata and D. velutina may not always key out properly. When in doubt check the descriptions for additional characters and,if possible,compare specimens with herbarium material. For number of leaflets, always count more than one leaf per collection.

1. Trees or treelets................................ 2

1. Lianas, woody climbers or shrubs.................. 8

2. Leaves with 3–7 leaflets......................... 3

2. Leaves with 7–41 leaflets........................ 4

3. Terminal leaflets elliptic, c. 24 by 9 mm, apex acute, both sides densely tomentose. Inflorescences 2–4 cm long. Calyx 3.5– 4 mm long, outside thinly sericeous. Standard blade 3 by 2–2.2 mm. Ovules 1–2. Pods 4–6 by 1–1.5 cm. Deciduous, flowering when new leaves appear........................................... 12. D. hullettii

3. Terminal leaflets elliptic or obovate to ± orbicular, 65–120 by 25–80 mm, apex obtuse or rounded, both sides glabrous. Inflorescences 4.5– 15 cm long.Calyx 6–7 mm long, outside glabrous. Standard blade 4–5 by 3–3.5 mm. Ovules 3–5. Pods 4–11 by 1.5– 2 cm .................... 17. D. latifolia

4. Terminal leaflets elliptic to obovate, apex obtuse to rounded, emarginate or truncate. Pedicels 0.5–3.5 mm long. Stamens 9–10, usually in 2 bundles of 5, rarely in an open sheath 5

4. Terminal leaflets broadly elliptic or ± orbicular to transversely elliptic, apex cuspidate. Pedicels c. 0.5 mm long. Stamens 9, in an open sheath. — Java, also cultivated 31. D. sissoo

5. Pulvinus of leaflets (petiolule) 0.2– 2 mm long. Standard blade 2.5–4 by 2.5– 4 mm. Pods 1.4–2.5 cm wide..... 6

5. Pulvinus of leaflets (petiolule) 3–5 mm long. Standard blade 4–7 by 2.5– 6 mm. Pods 0.4–1.5 cm wide. Pedicels 1–3 mm long. Calyx 4–5 mm long............ 19. D. mimosella

6. Pulvinus of leaflets (petiolule) 0.2–1.0 mm long. Pedicels 0.5–1.5 mm long. Ovary glabrous or with some hairs at the sutures, stipe 0.6–3.0 mm long. Stipe of pods 4–15 mm long......................................... 7

6. Pulvinus of leaflets (petiolule) 1–2 mm long. Pedicels 2.5– 3.5 mm long. Ovary sericeous at the sutures, stipe c. 1.5 mm long. Stipe of pods 4–5 mm long... 9. D. ferruginea

7. Leaves with 7–19 leaflets. Leaflets flat when dry. Bracts to the flowers elliptic to triangular ovate, 0.5–3.0 by 0.5–0.7 mm. Calyx 1.5–3.0 mm long. Ovary with some hairs at the sutures, stipe 0.6–0.8 mm long. Pods 4–10 by 1.5–2.5 cm, stipe 4–10 mm long.................15. D. junghuhnii

7. Leaves with 11–41 leaflets. Leaflets usually curling upwards when dry. Bracts to the flowers broadly ovate, 0.9–2.0 by 0.7–1.0 mm. Calyx 3.5– 5 mm long. Ovary glabrous, stipe 2.5–3.0 mm long. Pods 3–8 by 1–2 cm, stipe 4–15 mm long............................... 24. D. pinnata

8. Leaves with 1–5 leaflets........................ 9

8. Leaves with 5–65 leaflets...................... 19

9. Apex of leaflets acute or acuminate.............. 10

9. Apex of leaflets obtuse to rounded or truncate, rarely acuminate.................................. 15

10. Apex of leaflets acuminate, leaflets above glabrous, rarely with some hairs or thinly sericeous............... 11

10. Apex of leaflets acute, leaflets above tomentose. Calyx 3.5– 4 mm long. Deciduous, flowering when new leaves appear............................ 12. D. hullettii

11. Terminal leaflets (broadly) ovate, 2.5–7.5 by 1.5– 4 cm. Inflorescences 4–20 cm long. Stipe of ovary glabrous. 12

11. Terminal leaflets elliptic to obovate or ovate, 4–16 by 2–9 cm. Inflorescences 0.7– 13 cm long. Stipe of ovary sericeous in upper part or glabrous................. 13

12. Leaflets below glabrous or with few appressed hairs; pulvinus of leaflets (petiolule) 2–3 mm long. Pedicels 0.5– 1 mm long. Calyx c. 2 mm long. Standard blade 2.2–2.5 by 2.0 mm. Stipe of ovary c. 0.4 mm long. Pods 3–6 by 2–4 cm ............................ 3. D. bintuluensis

12. Leaflets below sericeous; pulvinus of leaflets (petiolule) 0.4–0.5 mm long. Pedicels 1–2 mm long. Calyx c. 4 mm long. Standard blade 2.5–3 by 2.5 mm. Stipe of ovary c. 2 mm long......................... 14. D. johorensis

13. Terminal leaflets 4–16 by 2–9 cm. Inflorescences 1.0– 13 cm long. Calyx 1.5–5.0 mm long. Stipe of ovary sericeous in upper part................................ 14

13. Terminal leaflets 3–10 by 2–6 cm. Inflorescences 0.7–1.0 cm long. Calyx 5 mm long. Stipe of ovary glabrous. — Sarawak.......................... 27. D. richardsii

14. Inflorescences 1–6 cm long. Calyx 2.3– 3 mm long. Standard blade 2.0–2.5 by 2.0 mm. Stipe of ovary 1.0–1.5 mm long. — Papua ................... 20. D. minutiflora

14. Inflorescences 2–13 cm long. Calyx 3.5– 5 mm long. Standard blade 2.3–3 by 2.1–3.5 mm. Stipe of ovary 1.4–2.5 mm long. Pods 5–10 by 1.5–2.5 cm..... 29. D. rostrata

15. Inflorescences 0.7– 15 cm long. Stipe of ovary 0.5– 4 mm long....................................... 16

15. Inflorescences up to 1 cm long. Stipe of ovary 2–2.5 mm long. Leaflets below thinly sericeous. Ovules 2–3. Pods falcate to semilunar, 2.7–3.0 by 1.5–2.0 cm......................................... 18. D. menoeides

16. Leaflets above glabrous or hairy at midrib. Inflorescences up to 3 cm or 8–15 cm long. Pedicels 0.5– 1 mm long. Pods falcate, semilunar or broadly ellipsoid, valves 0.6–1.6 mm thick....................................... 17

16. Leaflets above glabrous or with scattered hairs to puberulous or (thinly) sericeous or tomentose. Inflorescences 0.7– 5 cm long. Pedicels 1–5 mm long. Pods strap-like, valves 0.4 mm thick........................... 18

17. Terminal leaflets 1.7–8 by 1.2–5.5 cm. Inflorescences up to 3 cm long. Calyx 3–3.5 mm long. Ovary glabrous, stipe 1–1.5 mm long; ovules 1–2. Pods 2–3.5 by 1–1.5 mm, valves 0.6– 1 mm thick........... 5. D. candenatensis

17. Terminal leaflets 5–16 by 2–7 cm. Inflorescences 8–15 cm long. Calyx 1.5–2.5 mm long. Ovary puberulous at sutures, stipe 0.5–0.6 mm long; ovules 3–4. Pods 2.5–4.5 by 1–2.5 cm, valves 0.8–1.6 mm thick. 22. D. parviflora

18. Leaflets below densely puberulous. Inflorescences 2.5– 5 cm long. Pedicels 1–2 mm long. Ovary glabrous to sericeous outside, stipe 0.8 mm long; ovules 2–3. Pods 3.5–8 by 0.8– 2 cm ......................... 8. D. densa

18. Leaflets below (thinly) sericeous to tomentose. Inflorescences 0.7–3.5 cm long. Pedicels 2.5– 5 mm long. Ovary sericeous outside, stipe c. 4 mm long; ovules 2. Pods 5.0–5.5 by 1.2–1.8 cm............. 10. D. havilandii

19. Apex of leaflets acuminate..................... 20

19. Apex of leaflets obtuse to rounded or truncate, rarely acute...................................... 23

20. Leaflets below glabrous to sericeous. Pods falcate to (broadly) elliptic or semilunar or flattened ellipsoid, 2.5–6 by 1–4 cm .................................. 21

20. Leaflets below thinly strigose. Pods flattened ellipsoid or discoid, 1.5–3.7 by 1.2–2.0 cm. Calyx 2–3 mm long..................................... 1. D. albertisii

21. Leaflets below glabrous or with few scattered hairs. Calyx 1.5–2.5 mm long. Ovary 1.0–1.6 mm long, stipe 0.4–0.6 mm long.................................... 22

21. Leaflets below sericeous. Calyx 3–4.5 mm long. Ovary 2–3 mm long, stipe 2–3 mm long. Pods falcate or semilunar, 2.5–7 by 1.5– 2 cm ................. 16. D. kunstleri

22. Calyx c. 2 mm long. Ovary 1.5–1.6 mm long, thinly sericeous, stipe c. 0.4 mm long, ovules 1–2. Pods elliptic, 3–6 by 2–4 cm ...................... 3. D. bintuluensis

22. Calyx 1.5–2.5 mm long. Ovary 1.0–1.2 mm long, puberulous along upper suture, stipe 0.5–0.6 mm, ovules 3–4. Pods falcate or broadly elliptic, 2.5–4.5 by 1–2.5 cm................................... 22. D. parviflora

23. Base of lateral leaflets (slightly) oblique........... 24

23. Base of lateral leaflets equal-sided............... 31

24. Leaves with 3–41 leaflets. Terminal leaflet 0.4–6 by 0.2– 3 cm. Ovary glabrous or hairy along the sutures, stipe 0.6–3.1 mm long. Pods discoid, strap-like or elliptic in outline........................................ 25

24. Leaves with 25–65 leaflets. Terminal leaflet 0.5–0.9 by 0.2–0.3 cm. Ovary glabrous, stipe 2.5– 3 mm long. Pods (narrowly) elliptic in outline. — Philippines (Luzon)................................... 21. D. multifoliolata

25. Terminal leaflets 0.4–4.6 by 0.2–2.5 cm. Inflorescences 0.4–6 or 4–35 cm long........................ 26

25. Terminal leaflets 4–6.5 by 1.5– 3 cm. Inflorescences 5–15 cm long.......................... 33. D. velutina

26. Inflorescences 1–35 cm long. Standard blade 2.5–4 by 2–4 mm. Stipe of ovary 0.6–3.1 mm long. Pods (broadly) strap-like or elliptic in outline, 2.5–10 by 1–2.5 cm... 27

26. Inflorescences 0.4–0.6 cm long. Standard blade 2–3 by 1.5– 2 mm. Stipe of ovary 0.2 mm long. Pods ± discoid, obovate to orbicular in outline, 1–2.5 by 0.7– 1 cm. Calyx 2–3 mm long....................... 2. D. beccarii

27. Pedicels 1–4 mm long. Calyx 3.5– 6 mm long. Ovary glabrous, with very few hairs or sericeous along the sutures, stipe 1–3.1 mm long.......................... 28

27. Pedicels 0.5–1.2 mm long. Calyx 1.5– 3 mm long. Ovary with some hairs at the sutures, stipe 0.6–0.8 mm long. Standard blade 2.5–4 by 2.5– 3 mm. Pods 4–10 by 1.5– 2.5 cm.......................... 15. D. junghuhnii

28. Leaves with 9–27 leaflets. Leaflets flat, terminal 0.5–4.5 by 0.3– 2 cm, pulvinus (petiolule) 1–2 mm long. Stipe of ovary 1.5–3.1 mm, of pods 4–9 mm long.......... 29

28. Leaves with 11–41 leaflets. Leaflets flat or curling upwards when dry, terminal 0.6–2.1 by 0.3–1.1 cm, pulvinus (petiolule) 0.2–1.0 mm long. Stipe of ovary 2.5– 3 mm, of pods 4–15 mm long. — Stipules (very) narrowly ovate, 4–6 by 0.8–1.5 mm. Ovary glabrous........... 24. D. pinnata

29. Inflorescences 1–5 cm long. Pedicels 1–4 mm long. Ovary glabrous or with very few hairs, stipe 1–3.1 mm long. Pods 1.5– 2 cm wide............................... 30

29. Inflorescences 4–35 cm long. Pedicels 2.5–3.5 mm long. Ovary sericeous along the sutures and with few hairs at the base, stipe 1.5 mm long. Pods 2–2.5 cm wide. Leaves with 9–25 leaflets. Stipules broadly obovate to broadly falcate, 3–6 by 3–4 mm .................. 9. D. ferruginea

30. Stipules linear to ovate, 5–10 by 2–4 mm. Leaflets both sides villous to ± sericeous. Calyx 4–5.1 mm long. Standard blade 2.5–3.5 by 2–3.5 mm. Stipe of ovary 1–3.1 mm long............................ 6. D. canescens

30. Stipules narrowly ovate, 2–3 by 0.5–0.8 mm. Leaflets both sides thinly sericeous. Calyx 3.5– 4 mm long. Standard blade 4 by 2–2.5 mm. Stipe of ovary c. 2 mm long........................................ 13. D. jaherii

31. Terminal leaflets 0.4–16 by 0.2– 7 cm. Inflorescences 0.5– 15 cm long. Pedicels 0.5– 5 mm long............. 32

31. Terminal leaflets 0.3–1 by 0.2–0.5 cm. Inflorescences 0.6–1.0 cm long. Pedicels c. 0.5 mm long. Leaflets above sparsely puberulous, below sericeous. Calyx 1.5–1.8 mm long, outside glabrous or puberulous.... 25. D. ramosii

32. Leaves with 15–35 leaflets..................... 33

32. Leaves with 3–17 leaflets...................... 36

33. Leaflets above glabrous to sericeous, below thinly to densely sericeous. Pedicels 0.5– 2 mm long............. 34

33. Leaflets above and below villous to ± sericeous. Pedicels 1–4 mm long. Inflorescences 1–5 cm long. Calyx 4–5.1 mm long, outside with few hairs to thinly sericeous. Pods strap-like, 5–7 by 1.5– 2 cm ......... 6. D. canescens

34. Calyx 3–4 mm long. Pods (broadly) strap-like, 4–7 by 1.5– 2 or 9–12 by 3–3.5 cm........................ 35

34. Calyx 1.5– 3 mm long. Pods strap-like, elliptic in outline, 4–10 by 1.4–2.5 cm. Inflorescences 2.5– 10 cm long................................... 15. D. junghuhnii

35. Inflorescences 3–4.5 cm long. Pods 4–7 by 1.5– 2 cm. — Moluccas, Key Islands................ 13. D. jaheri

35. Inflorescences c. 8 cm long. Pods 9–12 by 3–3.5 cm. — Borneo, Sabah .............. 30. D. sandakanensis

36. Leaflets above glabrous or with some hairs, or with hairs at the midrib. Ovary glabrous or with hairs at one or both sutures, rarely sericeous....................... 37

36. Leaflets above thinly to densely villous, thinly pubescent, sericeous, tomentose or puberulous. Ovary glabrous to sericeous................................... 46

37. Inflorescences in the axils of mature leaves or terminal. Pedicels 0.3– 2 mm long. Seeds kidney- or bean-shaped or flattened ellipsoid........................... 38

37. Inflorescences in the axils of newly emerging leaves. Pedicels 2–5 mm long. Seeds C-shaped... 4. D. borneensis

38. Leaves with (9–)13–17 leaflets.................. 39

38. Leaves with 1–13 leaflets...................... 40

39. Terminal leaflets 0.4–4.6 by 0.2–2.5 cm. Ovary 1.2–1.7 mm long, ovules 1–4.......................... 40

39 Terminal leaflets 4–6 by 1.5– 3 cm. Ovary 2–3 mm long, ovules 1 or 2. — Valves of pods 0.3–0.6 mm thick. Seeds kidney- or bean-shaped............. 33. D. velutina

40. Calyx glabrous or with some scattered hairs. Ovary 1.3– 1.7 mm long, with some hairs at the sutures, ovules 2–4. — Valves of pods 0.1–0.2 mm thick. Seeds flattened ellipsoid.......................... 15. D. junghuhnii

40. Calyx sericeous. Ovary 1.2–1.4 mm long, glabrous, ovules 1 or 2.......................... 32. D. teysmannii

41. Leaflets below sericeous. Ovary with some hairs to puberulous at the sutures. Pods 2–10 by 1–3 cm, valves 0.1–0.3 mm thick................................... 42

41. Leaflets glabrous or with some hairs to sparsely to densely puberulous, (very) thinly sericeous or strigose. Ovary glabrous to very thinly sericeous, rarely hairy at the sutures. Pods 2–9 by 1–2.6 cm, valves 0.6–1.6 mm thick... 43

42. Terminal leaflets 0.4–4.6 by 0.2–2.5 cm. Calyx outside glabrous or with scattered hairs. Ovary 1.3–1.7 mm long; ovules 2–4. Pods 4–10 by 1.4–2.5 cm, valves 0.1–0.2 mm thick........................ 15. D. junghuhnii

42. Terminal leaflets 2–8 by 1.5– 6 cm. Calyx outside sericeous. Ovary 2–2.5 mm long; ovules 1–3. Pods 2–6 by 1–3 cm, valves 0.2–0.3 mm thick....... 28. D. rimosa

43. Pedicels 0.5– 1 mm long. Calyx glabrous or with few hairs to thinly sericeous at least at the teeth. Pods falcate, semilunar or broadly ellipsoid, valves 0.6–1.6 mm thick.. 44

43. Pedicels 1–2 mm long. Calyx sericeous. Pods flattened ellipsoid, valves 1.1 mm thick (or ‘very thin’). — Philippines........................................... 45

44. Terminal leaflets 1.7–8 by 1.2–5.5 cm, below with very few appressed hairs to strigose. Inflorescences up to 3 cm long. Calyx glabrous or with few hairs. Ovary glabrous, ovules 1–2. Valves of pods 0.6–1.0 mm thick. — Coastal.................................. 5. D. candenatensis

44. Terminal leaflets 5–16 by 2–7 cm, below glabrous or with scattered appressed hairs. Inflorescences 0.8–1.5 cm long. Calyx thinly sericeous at least at teeth. Ovary hairy at the sutures, ovules 3–4. Valves of pods 0.8–1.6 mm thick................................. 22. D. parviflora

45. Leaflets below (very) thinly sericeous or with some hairs. Inflorescences 4–14.5 cm long. Pedicels 1.0–1.1 mm long. Ovary very thinly sericeous. Pods 2–3 by 1 cm, valves 1.1 mm thick........................ 7. D. cumingiana

45. Leaflets below sparsely to densely puberulous. Inflorescences 2.4– 7 cm long. Pedicels c. 2 mm long. Ovary glabrous. Pods 6–9 by 2–2.6 cm, valves ‘very thin’...................................... 26. D. reticulata

46. Inflorescences terminal or in the axils of mature leaves. Pedicels 0.3– 5 mm long. Calyx 1.5–5.1 mm long, outside glabrous or with some hairs to sericeous, or with some hairs at the sutures........................... 47

46. Inflorescences in the axils of just emerging leaves or raminascent. Pedicels 5–7 mm long. Calyx 4.5–5.5 mm long, outside tomentose. Leaflets below tomentose. — Borneo................................... 23. D. pilosa

47. Leaflets below sparsely to densely sericeous or villous 48

47. Leaflets below densely puberulous, thinly pubescent, velutinous or strigose............................. 50

B. Multi entry key

48. Pedicels 0.3–1.2 mm long. Calyx 1.5– 3 mm long... 49

48. Pedicels 1–4 mm long. Calyx 4–5.1 mm long........................................ 6. D. canescens

49. Leaves 0.4–4.6 by 2–2.5 cm. Calyx glabrous or with scattered hairs. Ovary 1.3–1.7 mm long, with some hairs at the sutures. Pods 4–10 by 1.4–2.5 cm, valves 0.1–0.2 mm thick............................ 15. D. junghuhnii

49. Leaves 2–9 by 1.5– 6 cm. Calyx sericeous. Ovary 2–2.8 mm long, puberulous at the sutures. Pods 2–6 by 1–3 cm, valves 0.2–0.3 mm thick.............. 28. D. rimosa

50. Leaflets below thinly pubescent or densely puberulous. Inflorescences 0.5– 5 cm long. Calyx glabrous to sparsely puberulous or thinly sericeous at the teeth. Ovary glabrous to sericeous................................. 51

50. Leaflets below velutinous or strigose. Inflorescences 5–15 cm long. Calyx sericeous. Ovary with some hairs at the sutures..............................33. D. velutina

51. Terminal leaflets 1.5–12 by 0.6– 7 cm, below densely puberulous. Inflorescences 2.5– 5 cm long. Pedicles 1–2 mm long. Calyx 2.5– 4 mm long. Ovary 1.5– 2 mm long, glabrous to sericeous; ovules 2–3........... 8. D. densa

51. Terminal leaflets 1–2.2 by 0.6–1.1 cm, below thinly pubescent. Inflorescences 0.5–1.6 cm long. Pedicels 3–5 mm long. Calyx 5 mm long. Ovary 2–3 mm long, glabrous; ovules 1.......................... 11. D. hoseana

B old: two or more character states present;?: character state unknown.

Always count the number of leaflets for several leaves of a specimen; always measure more than one terminal leaflet per specimen.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.

10.

11.

D. albertisii D. beccarii D. bintuluensis D. borneensis D. candenatensis D. canescens D. cumingiana D. densa D. ferruginea D. havilandii D. hoseana

12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. D. hullettii 23. D. pilosa D. jaherii 24. D. pinnata D. johorensis 25. D. ramosii D. junghuhnii 26. D. reticulata D. kunstleri 27. D. richardsii D. latifolia 28. D. rimosa D. menoeides 29. D. rostrata D. mimosella 30. D. sandakanensis D. minutiflora 31. D. sissoo D. multifoliolata 32. D. teysmannii D. parviflora 33. D. velutina

1. Habit:

a. trees: 15, 17, 19, 23?, 24, 31, 32?

b. treelets: 9, 12, 15, 23?, 32?

c. (scandent) shrubs: 1, 3, 4, 5, 8, 9, 11, 12, 15, 21, 22, 23?, 25, 28, 32?, 33

d. lianas: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 18, 20, 21, 22, 23?, 24, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 32?, 33

2. Number of leaflets:

a. 1 or 3: 3, 5, 8, 10, 12, 14, 17, 18, 20, 22, 27, 29

b. 5 or 7: 1, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 11, 12, 15, 16, 17, 18, 20, 22, 23, 25, 27, 28, 29, 31

c. 9–21: 1, 2, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 11, 13, 15, 16, 19, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 28, 30, 31, 32, 33

d. 23 or more: 6, 9, 13, 19, 21, 23, 30

3. Length of terminal leaflet:

a. 0.3–1.5 cm: 2, 6, 7, 8, 9, 11, 15, 21, 24, 25

b. 1.6–4.5 cm: 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 15, 18, 19, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 33

c. 4.6– 8 cm: 1, 3, 5, 7, 8, 10, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 22, 26, 27, 28, 29, 31, 33

d. 8.1– 18 cm: 1, 8, 10, 16, 17, 18, 20, 22, 23, 27, 29, 32

4. Base of lateral leaflets:

a. equal-sided: 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 22, 23, 25?, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32?, 33

b. (slightly) oblique: 2, 6, 9, 13, 15, 19, 21, 23, 24, 25?, 32?, 33

5. Apex of leaflets:

Note — the states listed here refer to the general outline of the leaflet, at the extreme apex leaflets may be minutely apiculate or emarginate.

a. obtuse: 4, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10, 13, 15, 17, 18, 19, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 28, 30, 33

b. rounded: 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19, 21, 23, 24, 25, 26, 28, 30, 32, 33

c. truncate: 6, 11, 24

d. acute: 7, 12

e. acuminate or cuspidate: 1, 3, 14, 16, 20, 22, 27, 29, 31

6. Indumentum of leaflets above a. glabrous: 1, 3, 5, 7, 8, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 20, 21, 22, 24, 26, 27, 28, 29, 31, 32, 33

b. with few, scattered hairs: 3, 4, 8, 9, 10, 15, 16, 21, 24, 28, 29, 33

c. hairy along the midrib: 1, 7, 22, 33

d. hairy: 2, 6, 8, 10, 11, 12, 13, 15, 19, 21, 23, 24, 25, 28, 29, 30, 33

7. Indumentum of leaflets below: a. glabrous: 3, 17, 22 b. with some hairs: 3, 4, 5, 9, 22 c. hairy: 1, 2, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 18, 19, 20, 21, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33

8. Inflorescences, location:

a. axillary: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33

b. terminal: 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 14, 15, 17, 20, 21, 22, 24, 28, 29, 30

c. raminascent or flowering at or just before the appearance of new leaves: 6, 8, 12, 16, 23, 28

9. Inflorescences, kind:

a. racemes: 2, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 14, 15, 18, 20, 21, 23, 26, 27, 29

b. panicles: 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33

10. Length pedicels:

a. 0.3– 2 mm: 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 24, 25, 26, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33

b. 2–7 mm: 4, 6, 9, 10, 11, 12, 17, 19, 20, 23, 26, 27, 29

11. Calyx length:

a. 1.5– 3 mm: 1, 2, 3, 7, 8, 15, 20, 22, 25, 28, 32, 33

b. 3–4 mm: 4, 5, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 16, 18, 19, 21, 24, 26, 29, 30, 31, 33

c. 4–7 mm: 4, 6, 9, 10, 11, 14, 16, 17, 19, 21, 23, 24, 26, 27, 29, 31, 33

12. Calyx, indumentum outside:

a. glabrous: 1, 3, 5, 8, 13?, 15, 17, 21, 25, 30

b. teeth ciliate: 3, 11, 13?, 15, 18, 21, 22, 24

c. few hairs: 3, 5, 6, 8, 11, 13?, 15, 18, 21, 22, 31

d. hairy: 2, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, 13?, 14, 16, 19, 20, 23, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 33

13. Calyx, indumentum inside:

a. glabrous: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13?, 14?, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25?, 26?, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32?

b. few hairs: 12, 13?, 14?, 25?, 26?, 32?

c. hairy at least at the teeth: 6, 12, 13?, 14?, 23, 25?, 26?, 32?, 33

14. Standard, shape of blade:

a. (sub)orbicular or transverse elliptic: 6, 9, 11, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 21, 23, 24, 27, 29, 30?, 33

b. (broadly) obovate: 1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 8, 9, 12, 13, 14, 15, 18, 22, 25, 26, 28, 30?, 31, 32

c. (broadly) ovate: 4, 5, 11, 12, 17, 29, 30?, 33

d. (broadly) elliptic: 5, 8, 10, 17, 19, 20, 21, 24, 30?, 33

15. Length standard blade:

a. 1.5– 3 mm: 1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 8, 12, 14, 15, 20, 22, 23, 25, 27, 28, 29, 30?, 32

b. 3–4 mm: 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 15, 21, 24, 26, 30?, 33

c. 4–7 mm: 10, 13, 16, 17, 18, 19, 30?, 31

16. Wings, sculpting ( Fig. 1 ):

a. sculpted: 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13?, 14?, 16, 17, 18?, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25?, 26?, 27, 28, 29, 30?, 31, 32?, 33

b. not sculpted: 3, 13?, 14?, 15, 18?, 25?, 26?, 30?, 32?

17. Stamens, number:

a. 9: 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 17, 20, 22, 23, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 33

b. 10: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9, 11, 12, 13, 15, 16, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 24, 25, 27, 28, 32, 33

18. Stamens adnate:

a. monadelphous, open sheath: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33

b. diadelphous, 2 bundles of 5 or 1 of 5 and 1 of 4: 3, 9, 19, 28

19. Ovary , indumentum:

a. glabrous: 4, 5, 6, 8, 11, 13, 17, 18, 21, 23, 24, 26, 27, 30?, 32

b. hairy at one or both sutures: 1, 9, 12, 15, 16, 22, 23, 28, 30?, 31, 33

c. hairy all over or towards the apex: 2, 3, 7, 8, 10, 14, 16, 19, 20, 25, 29, 30?

d. some hairs: 6, 8

20. Ovary , number of ovules:

a. 1–2: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 18, 19, 20, 21, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30?, 32, 33

b. 3–4: 1, 2, 8, 9, 13, 15, 16, 17, 19, 21, 22, 24, 26, 28, 29, 30?, 31

c. 5–6: 17, 19, 30?, 31

21. Pods, type ( Fig. 2 , 3 ):

a. ± leathery, valves 0.4–2.3 mm thick, not transparent: 1, 2, 3, 7, 11?, 14?, 20?, 22, 25?, 27?, 32?

b. ± woody, valves 0.6–3.0 mm thick, not transparent: 5, 11?, 14?, 16, 18, 20?, 25?, 27?, 32?

c. ± leathery or membranous, valves 0.1–0.4 mm thick, transparent: 4, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11?, 12, 13, 14?, 15, 17, 19, 20?, 21, 23, 24, 25?, 26, 27?, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32?, 33

22. Length of pods:

a. 1–2.5 cm: 1, 2, 5, 7, 11?, 14?, 20?, 21, 25?, 27?, 28, 31, 32?

b. 2.5– 7 cm: 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11?, 12, 13, 14?, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20?, 22, 24, 25?, 26, 27?, 28, 29, 31, 32?, 33

c. 7–14 cm: 8, 9, 11?, 14?, 15, 17, 19, 20?, 23, 24, 25?, 26, 27?, 29, 30, 31, 32?, 33

23. Pods, indumentum:

a. glabrous: 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11?, 12?, 13, 14?, 15, 17, 18, 20? 21, 22, 23, 24, 25?, 26, 27?, 28, 30, 31, 32?

b. hairy along the sutures only: 11?, 12?, 14?, 15, 20?, 25?, 27?, 28, 32?, 33

c. with few hairs: 3, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11?, 12?, 14?, 20?, 25?, 27?, 32?

d. (thinly) sericeous: 11?, 14?, 16, 19, 20?, 25?, 27?, 29, 32?

24. Seeds, shape:

a. flattened, kidney- or bean-shaped: 1, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10?, 11?, 12?, 13, 14?, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20?, 22, 23?, 25?, 26, 27?, 29, 30?, 32?

b. flattened, ellipsoid: 2, 10?, 11?, 12?, 14?, 20?, 21, 23?, 24, 25?, 27?, 28, 29, 30?, 31, 32?, 33

c. lenticular: 3, 10?, 11?, 12?, 14?, 20?, 23?, 27?, 30?, 32?

d. c-shaped: 4, 10?, 11?, 12?, 14?, 20?, 27?, 30?, 32?

e. crescent- or halfmoon-shaped: 6, 10?, 11?, 12?, 14?, 20?, 27?, 30?, 32?

25. Seeds, hilum:

a. eccentric: 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10?, 11?, 12?, 13?, 14?, 15, 16, 17, 18?, 19, 20?, 21, 22, 23?, 24, 25?, 26?, 27?, 28, 29, 30?, 31, 32?, 33

b. central: 3, 10?, 11?, 12?, 13?, 14?, 18?, 20?, 23?, 25?, 26?, 27?, 30?, 32?

26. Distribution:

a. Peninsular Malaysia: 2, 5, 12, 14, 15, 16, 18, 22, 24, 29, 33

b. Singapore: 5, 10, 12, 15, 19, 29, 33

c. Sumatra: 5, 10, 15, 19, 22, 24, 29

d. Java: 5, 15, 17, 18, 24, 28, 29, 31

e. Borneo: 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 9, 10, 11, 12, 15, 16, 19, 22, 23, 24, 27, 28, 29, 30, 33

f. Philippines: 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 19, 21, 24, 25, 26, 29

g. Celebes: 5, 15, 18, 19, 24, 28, 32

h. Moluccas: 2, 5, 8, 9, 13, 15, 29

i. Lesser Sunda Islands: 5, 24

j. New Guinea: 1, 2, 5, 8, 9, 20, 29

Figures

Fig. 1 Wings of Dalbergia species. a. D. junghuhnii Benth., not sculpted; b. D. candenatensis (Dennst.) Prain, sculpted; c. D. pinnata (Lour.) Prain, sculpted (a: SFN 38891 (Sinclair); b: Purseglove & Shah 4633; c: KL 3221). — Drawing by Manon Zuurmond.

Fig. 2 Pods of Dalbergia species. — Type a: a. D. albertisii Prain; b. D. beccarii Prain; c. D. bintuluensis Sunarno & H.Ohashi; d. D. cumingiana Benth.; e. D. kunstleri Prain; f. D. parviflora Roxb. — Type b: g. D. candenatensis (Dennst.) Prain; h. D. menoeides Prain. — Type c: i. D. ferruginea Roxb. (a: NGF 37165 (Womersley); b: Versteeg 1117; c: S 15593 (Ilias Paie); d: BS 18872 (McGregor); e: Hallier 1170; f: SAN 98760 (Amin Sigun); g: Zippelius 70/b; h: Lam 250a; i: SAN102075 (Lee et al.)). — Drawing by Esmée Winkel.

Fig. 3 Pods of Dalbergia species. — Type c: a. D. borneensis Prain; b. D. densa Benth.; c. D. junghuhnii Benth.; d. D. latifolia Roxb.; e. D. mimosella (Blanco) Prain; f. D. pinnata (Lour.) Prain; g. D. rimosa Roxb.; h. D. rostrata Hassk.; i. D. sandakanensis Sunarno & H.Ohashi; j. D. sissoo Roxb.; k. D. velutina Benth. var. maingayi Prain (a: Haviland 2889; b: BW 9464 (Schram); c: King’s coll. 3562; d: Boschproefst. Tj 377; e: Sidiyasa 1408; f: Rahmat si Boeea 5943; g: BNBFD 5404 (Umbol); h: Shah & Shukor 2665; i: BS 1883 (Ramos); j: Popta 929; k: Maxwell 80-132). Scale bar with i only for i; scale bar for all other draw- ings in the middle. — Drawing by Esmée Winkel.