Habralictus Moure, 1941

Liz, Júlia Alberti de & Gonçalves, Rodrigo Barbosa, 2025, A taxonomic revision of Habralictus Moure, 1941 from Brazil, with description of four new species (Hymenoptera: Apidae), European Journal of Taxonomy 991 (1), pp. 1-53 : 4-8

Genus Habralictus Moure, 1941

Figs 1–21

Habralictus Moure, 1941: 59 . Type species: Habralictus flavopictus Moure, 1941 .

Zikaniella Moure, 1941: 57 . Type species: Zikaniella crassiceps Moure, 1941 .

Diagnosis

Both females and males with small body size (~ 4–8 mm), generally with abundant metallic reflections on the head and mesosoma, compound eyes glabrous or with minute and sparse setae, labrum without basal elevation, posterior surface of propodeum not delimited by a carina, metapostnotum approximately twice the length of metanotum, and frequently with yellow maculations on the metasoma. Females with scopa on hind femur, paraocular fovea variable in length and shape but present, sterna covered with long plumose setae. Males with antenna elongated, metasoma petiolate (at least first two segments), and the inner spur of the hind tibia ciliated.

Distribution

Neotropical region.

Keys to Habralictus Moure, 1941 from Brazil

Females

1. Metasoma without yellow maculations; paraocular fovea apically detached from the eye margin near the inner orbit emargination ( Fig. 1A–B ); mesoscutum mostly lineolate, coriaceous posterior to median sulcus ( Fig. 2A–C ) ............................................................................................................... 2

– Metasoma with yellow maculations; paraocular fovea attached to the eye throughout ( Fig. 1C ); mesoscutum variable ( Fig. 2D–H ): polished, lineolate, areolate ...................................................... 4

2. Tegula brown; mesepisternum strongly lineolate to coriaceous; mandible usually brown; clypeus usually areolate between the punctures; mesoscutum bright green, strongly lineolate ...................... ............................... H. canaliculatus Moure, 1941 ( Brazil: BA, ES, MA, MG, PR, PE, RJ, SC, SP)

– Tegula amber with a yellow maculation; mesepisternum puncticulate and coriaceous, becoming polished ventrally; mandible usually yellow with darkened apex; clypeus polished between the punctures; mesoscutum bright green or with bluish or purple reflections, weakly lineolate ........... 3

3. Metasoma dark brown without metallic reflections; mesoscutum mostly purple, sometimes with coppery reflections as well, sparsely puncticulate ( Fig. 2A ) .............................................................. ............................................................ H. beatissimus ( Cockerell, 1901) ( Brazil: GO, MT, MG, SP)

– Metasoma with bluish reflections; mesoscutum bright blue-green, punctate to puncticulate ( Fig. 2C ) .......................................................................................... H. cyaneus sp. nov. ( Brazil: AP)

4. Pronotum dorsolateral surface forming an acute angle, sometimes with a projected tip ( Fig. 2D–F ) ........................................................................................................................................................... 5

– Pronotum dorsolateral surface forming an obtuse angle, or rounded, not forming an angle ( Fig. 2G–H ) ........................................................................................................................................................... 7

5. Mesoscutum bright green; metapostnotum lineolate anteriorly, becoming weakly coriaceous posteriorly; paraocular fovea extending from the base of eye to height of antennal socket; clypeus slightly depressed in the middle and polished between the punctures; supraclypeal area punctulate and polished between punctures; mandible amber; flagellum and pronotal lobe brown; metasoma maculations as follows: T2–T4 with very small lateral yellow maculations ...................................... ..................................................................................... H. crassiceps ( Moure, 1941) ( Brazil: PR, RJ)

– Mesoscutum mostly dark; metapostnotum entirely areolate to coriaceous; paraocular fovea extending above beyond antennal socket, reaching the inner orbit emargination; clypeus not depressed in the middle and areolate between punctures; supraclypeal area puncticulate and areolate between punctures; mandible yellow with darkened apex; flagellum mostly dark brown, ventrally light brown to yellow; pronotal lobe yellow; metasoma not as above ................................................................. 6

6. Mesoscutum dark olive green, usually with dark purple reflections forming stripes, apparently impunctate, strongly areolate ( Fig. 2F ); head covered with dense, decumbent setae, intermixed with erect setae; metapostnotum weakly depressed in the median posterior surface; metasoma maculations as follows: T2 with two lateral yellow maculations connected by a basal line (sometimes hidden by T1), T3 with two large yellow lateral basal maculations, occupying a third of the width of the tergum, T4 with two small yellow lateral maculations ....................................................................... ...................................... H. macrospilophorus Moure, 1941 ( Brazil: GO, MG, PR, PE, RJ, SC, SP)

– Mesoscutum dark purple, puncticulate, granulate-areolate ( Fig. 2E ); head covered with sparse, decumbent setae; metapostnotum not depressed; metasoma maculations as follows: T2–T4 with yellow lateral basal maculations ......................................... H. ligeus ( Schrottky, 1911) ( Brazil: RO)

7. Fore coxa yellow; clypeus apical band yellow, projected upwards in the center ............................. 8

– Fore coxa brown; clypeus apical band brown ................................................................................ 10

8. Clypeus polished between punctures; scape brown; metasoma maculations connected and forming bands on T2–T5 ................................................................................ H. nitidus sp. nov. ( Brazil: AC)

– Clypeus areolate between punctures; scape at least basally yellow; metasoma maculations not appearing connected ......................................................................................................................... 9

9. Mesoscutum with the anterior margin rounded ( Fig. 2G ); fore femur entirely yellow ...................... ................................ H. callichroma ( Cockerell, 1901) ( Brazil: AC, ES, GO, MT, MG, PR, RJ, SP)

– Mesoscutum with anterior margin acuminate-shaped ( Fig. 2H ); fore femur brown ventrally ........... .................................................................................................... H. acuminatus sp. nov. ( Brazil: SP)

10. Mesoscutum bright green, polished between punctures; mesepisternum puncticulate and polished between punctures; paraocular fovea extending from base of eye beyond the antennal socket, reaching inner orbit emargination; clypeus and supraclypeal area polished between punctures; metapostnotum mostly polished, except for basal lineolation; T3–T5 with metallic reflections, T2– T4 with pairs of very small yellow lateral maculations; sternal scopa dense ..................................... ................................................................................ H. chlorobaptus ( Cockerell, 1901) ( Brazil: GO)

– Mesoscutum dark olive green with purple reflections, areolate between punctures; mesepisternum areolate; paraocular area fovea extending from base of eye to height of antennal socket; clypeus and supraclypeal area areolate between punctures; metapostnotum entirely areolate; terga without metallic reflections, maculations as follows: T2 with two small yellow lateral basal maculations, on remaining terga maculations progressively increasing in length, in T5 maculations occupying a little less than half of the width of the tergum; sternal scopa present but not dense ................................... ..................................................................................................... H. obscuratus sp. nov. ( Brazil: ES)

Males (males of H. acuminatus sp. nov., H. nitidus sp. nov., H. chlorobaptus , and H. ligeus are not known)

1. Metasoma without yellow maculations; F2–F11 mostly subequal in length and width .....................2

– Metasoma with yellow maculations; F2–F11 becoming more robust and slightly shorter apically ...4

2. Mesoscutum with the anterior margin acuminate-shaped; pronotal lobe brown; mesoscutum punctulate .............. H. canaliculatus Moure, 1941 ( Brazil: BA, ES, MA, MG, PR, PE, RJ, SC, SP)

– Mesoscutum with the anterior margin rounded, not acuminate-shaped; pronotal lobe yellow; mesoscutum puncticulate .................................................................................................................. 3

3. Scutellum crowded lineolate; metapostnotum entirely lineolate to coriaceous; clypeus not flattened in the middle ................................................................................... H. cyaneus sp. nov. ( Brazil: AP)

– Scutellum bipunctate and polished between punctures; metapostnotum strongly lineolate in the center part of the anterior margin, the rest weakly lineolate (sometimes polished, resembling H. callichroma ); clypeus slightly flattened in the middle ................................................................... ............................................................ H. beatissimus ( Cockerell, 1901) ( Brazil: GO, MT, MG, SP)

4. Paraocular fovea present; frons puncticulate and polished between punctures, becoming more crowded toward median line; only first two segments of metasoma narrow and petiolate; S6 with an apical elevation; hind tibia inner spur pectinate ......... H. crassiceps ( Moure, 1941) ( Brazil: PR, RJ)

– Paraocular fovea absent; frons strongly areolate (with a rough aspect); entire metasoma narrow and petiolate; E5 without apical elevation; hind tibia spur ciliated ......................................................... 5

5. Mesoscutum with anterior margin rounded, not acuminate-shaped; stipe at least basally yellow; scape at least basally yellow; tegula amber with a yellow band on the inner margin ........................ ................................ H. callichroma ( Cockerell, 1901) ( Brazil: AC, ES, GO, MT, MG, PR, RJ, SP)

– Mesoscutum with anterior margin acuminate-shaped; stipe and scape brown; tegula amber .......... 6

6. Pronotal dorsolateral angle acute; metapostnotum surface raised in relation to the propodeum, especially posteriorly; metapostnotum and propodeum entirely areolate; clypeus slightly depressed in the middle ................ H. macrospilophorus Moure, 1941 ( Brazil: GO, MG, PR, PE, RJ, SC, SP)

– Pronotal dorsolateral angle obtuse; metapostnotum surface flat, at same level as propodeum; metapostnotum entirely lineolate to coriaceous; propodeum polished; clypeus not depressed in the middle ......................................................................................... H. obscuratus sp. nov. ( Brazil: ES)

Figures

Fig. 1. Details of female head.A. Habralictus beatissimus(Cockerell, 1901). B. H. canaliculatus Moure, 1941. C. H. crassiceps (Moure, 1941). D. H. callichroma (Cockerell, 1901). E. H. ligeus (Schrottky, 1911). F. H. macrospilophorus Moure, 1941. G. H. chlorobaptus Moure, 1941.H. H. obscuratus sp. nov. DZUP. Scale bar = 0.5 mm.

Fig. 2. Details of female mesoscutum.A. Habralictus beatissimus(Cockerell, 1901). B. H. canaliculatus Moure, 1941. C. H. cyaneus sp. nov. D. H. crassiceps (Moure, 1941). E. H. ligeus (Schrottky, 1911). F. H. macrospilophorus Moure, 1941. G. H. callichroma (Cockerell, 1901). H. H. acuminatus sp. nov. DZUP. Scale bar = 0.5 mm.

Fig. 3. Habralictus acuminatus sp. nov., holotype, ♀ (DZUP 522327). A. Head in frontal view. B. Mesosoma in lateral view. C. Mesosoma in dorsal view. D. Metasoma in dorsal view. Scale bar = 0.5 mm.

Fig. 4. Habralictus beatissimus (Cockerell, 1901), non-type, ♀ (DZUP). A. Head in frontal view. B. Mesosoma in lateral view. C. Mesosoma in dorsal view. D. Metasoma in dorsal view. Scale bar = 0.5 mm.

Fig. 5. Habralictus beatissimus (Cockerell, 1901), non-type, ♂ (DZUP). A. Head in frontal view. B. Mesosoma in lateral view. C. Mesosoma in dorsal view. D. Metasoma in dorsal view. Scale bar = 0.5 mm.

Fig. 6. Habralictus callichroma (Cockerell, 1901), non-type, ♀ (DZUP). A. Head in frontal view. B. Mesosoma in lateral view. C. Mesosoma in dorsal view. D. Metasoma in dorsal view. E. Amber metasoma in dorsal view. Scale bar = 0.5 mm.

Fig. 7. Habralictus callichroma (Cockerell, 1901), non-type, ♂ (DZUP). A. Head in frontal view. B. Mesosoma in lateral view. C. Mesosoma in dorsal view. D. Metasoma in dorsal view. Scale bar = 0.5 mm.

Fig. 8. Habralictus canaliculatus Moure, 1941, non-type, ♀ (DZUP). A. Head in frontal view. B. Mesosoma in lateral view. C. Mesosoma in dorsal view. D. Metasoma in dorsal view. Scale bar = 0.5 mm.

Fig. 9. Habralictus canaliculatus Moure, 1941, non-type, ♂ (DZUP). A. Head in frontal view. B. Mesosoma in lateral view. C. Mesosoma in dorsal view. D. Metasoma in lateral view. Scale bar = 0.5 mm.

Fig. 10. Habralictus chlorobaptus Moure, 1941, holotype, ♀ (DZUP 521300). A. Head in frontal view. B. Mesosoma in dorsal view. C. Metasoma in dorsal view. D. Metasoma in lateral view. Scale bar = 0.5 mm.

Fig. 11. Habralictus crassiceps (Moure, 1941), non-type, ♀ (DZUP). A. Head in frontal view. B. Mesosoma in lateral view. C. Mesosoma in dorsal view. D. Metasoma in lateral view. Scale bar = 0.5 mm.

Fig. 12. Habralictus crassiceps (Moure, 1941), non-type, ♂ (DZUP). A. Head in frontal view. B. Mesosoma in lateral view. C. Metasoma in dorsal view. D. Metasoma in lateral view. Scale bar = 0.5 mm.

Fig. 13. Habralictus cyaneussp. nov., holotype, ♀ (DZUP522383). A. Head in frontal view.B. Mesosoma in lateral view. C. Mesosoma in dorsal view. D. Metasoma in dorsal view. Scale bar = 0.5 mm.

Fig. 14. Habralictus cyaneussp. nov., paratype, ♂ (DZUP 522514). A. Head in frontal view.B. Mesosoma in lateral view. C. Mesosoma in dorsal view. D. Metasoma in dorsal view. Scale bar = 0.5 mm.

Fig. 15. Habralictus macrospilophorus Moure, 1941, non-type, ♀ (DZUP). A. Head in frontal view. B. Mesosoma in lateral view. C. Mesosoma in dorsal view. D. Metasoma in dorsal view. Scale bar = 0.5 mm.

Fig. 16. Habralictus macrospilophorus Moure, 1941, non-type, ♂ (DZUP). A. Head in frontal view. B. Mesosoma in lateral view. C. Mesosoma in dorsal view. D. Metasoma in dorsal view. Scale bar = 0.5 mm.

Fig. 17. Habralictus nitidussp. nov., holotype, ♀ (DZUP 522328). A. Head in frontal view.B. Mesosoma in lateral view. C. Mesosoma in dorsal view. D. Metasoma in dorsal view. Scale bar = 0.5 mm.

Fig. 18. Habralictus obscuratus sp. nov., holotype, ♀ (DZUP 522330). A. Head in frontal view. B. Mesosoma in lateral view. C. Mesosoma in dorsal view. D. Metasoma in dorsal view. Scale bar = 0.5 mm.

Fig. 19. Habralictus obscuratus sp. nov., paratype, ♂ (DZUP 522511) A. Head in frontal view. B. Mesosoma in lateral view. C. Mesosoma in dorsal view. D. Metasoma in dorsal view. Scale bar = 0.5 mm.

Fig. 20. Male terminalia of Habralictus Moure, 1941 from Brazil. A. Dorsal and ventral view of the genitalia, S7 and S8 ofHabralictus beatissimus (Cockerell, 1901) (DZUP 522510). B. Dorsal and ventral view of the genitalia of H. cyaneus sp. nov., paratype (DZUP 522514). C. Dorsal and ventral view of the genitalia, S7 and S8 of H. macrospilophorus Moure, 1941 (DZUP 5522529). D. Dorsal and ventral view of the genitalia of H. callichroma (Cockerell, 1901) (DZUP 522326). E. Dorsal and ventral view of the genitalia, S7 and S8 of H. oscuratus sp. nov., paratype (DZUP 522511). F. Dorsal and ventral view of the genitalia of H. canaliculatus Moure, 1941 (DZUP 522520). G. Dorsal and ventral view of the genitalia and S6 of H. crassiceps Moure, 1941 (DZUP 521323). Scale bar = 1 mm.

Fig. 21. Distribution maps for Habralictus Moure, 1941 from Brazil. A. H. canaliculatus Moure, 1941 and H. beatissimus (Cockerell, 1901). B. H. macrospilophorus Moure, 1941 and H. ligeus (Schrottky, 1911). C. H. callichroma (Cockerell, 1901), H. chlorobaptus Moure, 1941 and H. crassiceps Moure, 1941. D. H. acuminatus sp. nov., H. cyaneus sp. nov., H. nitidus sp. nov. and H. obscuratus sp. nov.