Ecrinolepis, SPASSKY & KARPENKO, 1983

Kornienko, Svetlana A., Binkienė, Rasa, Dokuchaev, Nikolai E. & Tkach, Vasyl V., 2019, Molecular phylogeny and systematics of cestodes with rudimentary rostellum (Cestoda: Hymenolepididae) from Holarctic Sorex shews (Eulipotyphla: Soricidae), Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 187, pp. 965-986 : 977-978

ECRINOLEPIS SPASSKY & KARPENKO, 1983

Amended diagnosis (modified after Spassky & Karpenko, 1983): Small cestodes with serial heteronomous maturation. Strobila may consist of one to four series of either male or hermaphroditic proglottides. Proglottides acraspedote. Scolex with rudimentary rostellum, suckers elongate, expanding far beyond margins of scolex. Osmoregulatory canals without transverse anastomoses. Genital pores dextral. Cirrus-sac long, reaches midline and may cross aporal osmoregulatory canals. Cirrus armed with heteromorphous spines. Internal seminal vesicle absent. External seminal vesicle elongate. Testes two in male and three in hermaphroditic proglottides, situated in line or in a triangle, one poral and one or two antiporal. Vagina may have sphincter. Seminal receptacle indistinct or well developed. Ovary trilobed. Vitellarium entire, postovarian. Uterus initially horseshoe-shaped, in gravid proglottides sacciform. Asian part of the Palaearctic.

Type species: Ecrinolepis longibursata ( Morozov, 1957) Gulyaev, 1991 [syn.: Hymenolepis longibursata Morozov, 1957 ; Soricinia cirravaginata Eltyshev, 1975 ; Ecrinolepis cirravaginata ( Eltyshev, 1975) Spassky & Karpenko, 1983 ; Ecrinolepis mirabilis Spassky & Karpenko, 1983 , Ditestolepis longicirrosa Sawada & Harada, 1990 ].

Other species: Ecrinolepis kontrimavichusi Mel’nikova et al., 2004; Ecrinolepis macrospina (Karpenko, 1984) Gulyaev, 1991 (syn.: Soricinia macrospina Karpenko, 1984 ); Ecrinolepis orientalis Mel’nikova et al., 2005; Ecrinolepis safarbii Irzhavsky et al., 2005 .

Remarks: Morozov (1957) described Hymenolepis longibursata from Sorex minutissimus Zimmermann (syn.: Sorex tscherskii Ognev, 1914 ) from Yakutia ( Russia) and Eltyshev (1975) described an additional species Soricinia cirravaginata . Spassky & Karpenko (1983) established a new genus Ecrinolepis for cestodes of shrews from the Khabarovsk Krai ( Russia) with the type species Ecrinolepis mirabilis . Gulyaev (1991) demonstrated that S. cirravaginata and E. mirabilis were morphologically identical to H. longibursata , which was transferred into Ecrinolepis and became the type species of the genus. In addition, Gulyaev (1991) transferred Soricinia collaris and Soricinia macrospina described from the Far East of Russia ( Karpenko, 1984b) into Ecrinolepis . Later, Karpenko (1998) established a new genus Spalania for E. collaris and E. crassisaccata based on the characteristic shape and armament of the cirrus and type of uterus development.

Members of Ecrinolepis demonstrate a great variability of the cirrus shape and armament. Their cirrus can be tube- or nipple-shaped, sometimes with bulbous broadening in its midsection; either the entire cirrus or its part can be covered with heteromorphic (needle-, claw- or conus-shaped)

uterus transformation from horseshoe-shaped to sacciform by expansion of the posterior wall of uterus in Spalania spp. , Ecrinolepis spp. ; G, initially sacciform uterus of Spasskylepis ovaluteri ; H, hermaphroditic proglottis and male proglottis of Diorchilepis ezoensis ; I, hermaphroditic proglottis and male proglottis of Ecrinolepis kontrimavichusi .

spines ( Fig. 5A–C, F, G). Our detailed morphological re-examination of Ecrinolepis species revealed that in the process of maturation their uteri transform from horseshoe-shaped into sacciform by expansion of its posterior wall rather than by coalescence of walls ( Fig. 4F).