Papaverodinia chiquinhamum, Tôrres & Rafael & Gaimari & Limeira-De-Oliveira, 2025

Tôrres, Alice, Rafael, José A., Gaimari, Stephen D. & Limeira-De-Oliveira, Francisco, 2025, Papaverodinia, a new genus with three new species from the north and northeast of Brazil collected in the canopy (Diptera: Odiniidae), European Journal of Taxonomy 1026, pp. 171-198 : 178-182

Papaverodinia chiquinhamum gen. et sp. nov.

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:

Figs 1–24, 73–74, 79

Diagnosis

The 3 rd pair fronto-orbital setae originated in line with the lower margin of the anterior ocellus. Fronto-orbital plate entirely yellow. Cercus opening with inverted ‘arrow’ appearance. Inner and outer surstyli weakly fused together at proximal end. Inner surstylus straight in lateral view. Outer surstylus greatly enlarged distally, ‘soup ladle-shaped’ in lateral view.

Etymology

The specific name is a composition of ‘Chiquinho’ and ‘inhamum’. Chiquinho is the nickname of Mr Francisco dos Reis (in memoriam), who was the park ranger at the Inhamum Ecological Reserve.

Type material examined

Holotype

BRAZIL – Maranhão [MA] • ♂ (pinned, good condition); Caxias, Res.[= Reserva] Ecologica do Inhamum, Ramal Sumidouro do Padre ; 4°53′22″ S, 43°24′59″ W; 23–31 Jan. 2020; F. Limeira-de-Oliveira, A. Tôrres and I. Cantanhede leg.; PET (Vinagre V. [= Vinho] Tinto +Etanol), alta 20 mts [= metros metre]; CZMA FLO 6088 .

Paratypes

BRAZIL – Maranhão [MA] • 4 ♂♂; same data as for holotype; MZUSP FLO 6070 , MZUSP FLO 6089 , INPA FLO 6094 , MNRJ FLO 6096 • 3 ♀♀; same data as for holotype; CZMA FLO 5839 to FLO 5841 • 10 ♂♂; same data as for holotype; 15−29 Feb. 2020; CZMA FLO 6080 , CZMA FLO 6097 , CZMA FLO 6112 , CZMA FLO 6186 , CZMA FLO 6344 , INPA FLO 6346 , INPA FLO 6347 , INPA FLO 6999 (pinned, terminalia in microvial of plastic), MNRJ FLO 6349 , MNRJ FLO 6888 • 3 ♂♂; same data as for holotype; 15−31 May 2020; CZMA FLO 6185 , MNRJ FLO 6223 , MZUSP FLO 6272 • 1 ♂; same data as for holotype; 15−30 Jun. 2020; CSCA FLO 5866 • 5 ♂♂; same data as for holotype; 15−31 Jul. 2020; INPA FLO 5877 , INPA FLO 5886 , INPA FLO 5888 , INPA FLO 5894 , CZMA FLO 5887 • 4 ♂♂; same data as for holotype; 15−31 Aug. 2020; INPA FLO 6064 , INPA FLO 6076 , MZUSP FLO 6278 , MNRJ FLO 6570 • 2 ♂♂; same data as for holotype; 15−30 Sep. 2020; CZMA FLO 5276 , CZMA FLO 6065 • 2 ♂♂; same data as for holotype; 15−31 Oct. 2020; CSCA FLO 5820 , MNRJ FLO 5947 • 1 ♂; same data as for holotype; 15−30 Nov. 2020; CSCA FLO 6578 • 3 ♂♂; Caxias, Lagoa do Paraná; 4°51′01.2″ S, 43°09′39.4″ W; 11−25 Jan. 2020; F. Limeira-de-Oliveira, A. Tôrres and I. Cantanhede leg.; PET ( Vinagre V. [= Vinho] Tinto + Etanol); alta 20 mts [= metros]; CZMA FLO 6071 , CZMA FLO 6072 , CZMA FLO 6082 • 5 ♂♂; Carolina, PARNA [= Parque Nacional] Chapada das Mesas, RPPN [= Reserva Particular do Patrimônio Natural] Mansinha ; 7°18′11.9″ S, 47°26′07″ W; 12−15 Mar. 2023; F. Limeira-de-Oliveira, R. Ale-Rocha and A. Tôrres leg.; PET Vinagre V. [= Vinho] Tinto + Etanol, 20 mts [= metros metre]; CZMA FLO 3738 (pinned, terminalia in microvial of plastic), CZMA FLO 7057 , MZUSP FLO 7063 , CSCA FLO 7065 , MNRJ FLO 7066 • 2 ♂♂; same data as for preceding; São Romão ; 7°04′23.2″ S, 47°05′26.2″ W; CZMA FLO 3741 (pinned, terminalia in microvial of plastic), INPA FLO 7061 • 1 ♂; same data as for preceding; Mirador, Parque Estadual do Mirador, Base da Geraldina ; 6°37′48″ S, 45°52′49″ W; 20−30 Jun. 2022; PET ( Vinagre V. [= Vinho] Tinto + Etanol), alta 20 mts [= metros metre]; CZMA FLO 6334 • 1 ♂; same data as for preceding; 20−31 Jul. 2022; CZMA FLO 6330 • 2 ♂♂; same data as for preceding; 20−31 Aug. 2022; CZMA FLO 6333 , INPA FLO 6335 • 2 ♂♂; same data as for preceding; 20−30 Sep. 2022; CZMA FLO 6367 , INPA FLO 6368 • 2 ♂♂; same data as for preceding; 10−20 Oct. 2022; CZMA FLO 6336 , INPA FLO 6369 • 1 ♂; same data as for preceding; 10−20 Nov. 2022; CZMA FLO 6363 • 2 ♂♂; same data as for preceding; 2−31 Dec. 2022; CZMA FLO 7103 , INPA FLO 7104 • 1 ♂; same data as for preceding; 20−31 Jan. 2023; CZMA FLO 7106 • 1 ♂; same data as for preceding; 20−28 Feb. 2023; CZMA FLO 7107 • 1 ♂; same data as for preceding; 10−20 Mar. 2023; CZMA FLO 7110 . – Pará [PA] • 1 ♂; same data as for holotype; Belterra, Flona Tapajós ; 2°36′15″ S, 54°56′25″ W; 100 m a.s.l.; 16 Apr. 2018; J.A. Rafael and F.F. Xavier leg.; Atrativo Luz; CZMA FLO 1322 . – Piauí [ PI] • 1 ♂ (pinned, terminalia in microvial of plastic); same data as for holotype; Altos, Floresta Nacional de Palmares ; 5°03′24.5″ S, 42°35′35.6″ W; 1−15 Dec. 2022; F. Limeira-de-Oliveira, A. Tôrres and G.A. Reis leg., PROTAX [project]; PET ( Vinagre V. [= Vinho] Tinto + Etanol), alta 30 mts [= metros]; CZMA FLO 6236 • 2 ♂♂; same data as for preceding; 1−15 Jan. 2023; CZMA FLO 6318 , INPA FLO 6320 • 1 ♂; same data as for preceding; 1−14 Feb. 2023; CZMA FLO 7117 • 2 ♀♀; same data as for holotype; Altos, Floresta Nacional de Palmares ; 5°03′24.5″ S, 42°35′35.6″ W; 1−15 Nov. 2022; F. Limeira-de-Oliveira, A. Tôrres and G.A. Reis leg., PROTAX [project]; PET ( Vinagre V. [= Vinho] Tinto + Etanol), alta 30 mts [= metros]; CZMA FLO 6252 , INPA FLO 6255 • 1 ♀ (pinned, terminalia in microvial of plastic); same data as for preceding; 1−15 Dec. 2022; INPA FLO 6245 • 2 ♀♀; same data as for preceding; 1−15 Jan. 2023; CZMA FLO 6311 • 1 ♀; same data as for preceding; INPA FLO 6313 • 6 ♀♀; same data as for holotype; Altos, Floresta Nacional de Palmares ; 5°03′24.5″ S, 42°35′35.6″ W; 1−15 Dec. 2022; F. Limeira-de-Oliveira, A. Tôrres and G.A. Reis leg., PROTAX [project]; PET ( Vinagre V. [= Vinho] Tinto + Etanol), alta 30 mts [= metros]; CZMA FLO 6239 to CZMA FLO 6244 . – Amazonas [ AM] • 1 ♂ (pinned, terminalia in microvial of plastic); same data as for holotype; Manaus , BR 174 , ZF-2, km 14; 2°35′21″ S, 60°06′55.6″ W; 15−28 Feb. 2019; J.A. Rafael leg., Rede BIA [project]; baited with vinegar, 22 m; CZMA FLO 1332 • 1 ♂ (pinned, terminalia in microvial of plastic); same data as for preceding; 29 Mar.−12 Apr. 2019; CZMA FLO 1334 • 6 ♀♀; same data as for holotype; 15−29 Feb. 2020; CZMA FLO 5838 , CZMA FLO 5843 , INPA FLO 5844 , MZUSP FLO 5846 , MNRJ FLO 5849 , CSCA FLO 5847 • 3 ♀♀; same data as for holotype; 15−30 Apr. 2020; INPA FLO 5830 , MZUSP FLO 5848 , MNRJ FLO 6137 (pinned, terminalia in microvial of plastic) • 1 ♀; same data as for holotype; 15−31 May 2020; CZMA FLO 6480 • 1 ♀; same data as for holotype; 15−30 Jun. 2020; CZMA FLO 6000 • 2 ♀♀; same data as for holotype; 15−31 Jul. 2020; MNRJ FLO 6158 , MZUSP FLO 6159 • 3 ♀♀; same data as for holotype; 15−31 Aug. 2020; CZMA FLO 5965 , CSCA FLO 6484 , MZUSP FLO 6513 • 3 ♀♀; same data as for holotype; 15−30 Sep. 2020; MZUSP FLO 6160 , CSCA FLO 6411 , MNRJ FLO 6418 • 1 ♀; same data as for holotype; 15−31 Oct. 2020; MZUSP FLO 6532 • 2 ♀♀; same data as for holotype; 15−30 Nov. 2020; MZUSP FLO 6026 , CSCA FLO 6504 • 1 ♀; same data as for holotype; Mirador, Parque Estadual do Mirador, Base da Geraldina ; 6°37′48″ S, 45°52′49″ W; 20−31 Jul. 2022; CZMA FLO 63022 • 1 ♀; same data as for holotype; Manaus , BR 174 , ZF-2, km14; 2°35′21″ S, 60°06′55.6″ W; 14 Jun.−3 Jul. 2018; J.A. Rafael leg., Rede BIA [project]; 16 mts [= metros] alt. [= altura], nascente [= sunrise], Malaise gde [= grande]; CZMA FLO 1342 • 1 ♀ (pinned, terminalia in microvial of plastic); same data as for preceding; 17−31 Aug. 2018; baited with vinegar; 28 mts [= metros]; CZMA FLO 1344 • 1 ♀; same data as for preceding; 6−16 Nov. 2018; vinagre e fermento [= vinegar and yeast], 40 mts [= metros]; CZMA FLO 1345 • 1 ♀; Manaus, Rod. [= Rodovia] AM-010, km 35, Ramal Água Branca II, Sítio Vida Tropical ; 2°51′53″ S, 59°56′00″ W; 26−30 Jun. 2018; J.A. Rafael and F. Limeira-de-Oliveira leg., Rede BIA [project]; 12 mts [= metros], baited with vinegar; CZMA FLO 1335 • 1 ♀; same data as for preceding; 13−26 Sep. 2018; J.A. Rafael leg., Rede BIA [project]; baited with vinegar, 20 mts [= metros]; CZMA FLO 1339 • 1 ♀ (pinned, terminalia in microvial of plastic); same data as for preceding; 3−10 Mar. 2019; baited with vinegar, 15 mts [= metros]; CZMA FLO 1336 • 71 ♂♂; same data as for holotype; 14−20 Dec. 2019; F.Limeira-de-Oliveira, J.C. Oliveira, J.M. Oliveira and I. Cantanhede leg; PET ( Vinagre V. [= Vinho] Tinto + Ferm. [= Fermento] Bio. [= Biológico] + Etanol), 20 mts [= metros]; MNRJ FLO 1506 to FLO 1518 , MNRJ FLO 1522 to MNRJ FLO 1546 , INPA FLO 1573 to INPA FLO 1577 , CZMA FLO 6198 to CZMA FLO 6203 , CZMA FLO 6205 to CZMA FLO 6225 , CZMA FLO 6908 to CZMA FLO 6910 • 10 ♂♂; same data as for holotype; 15−31 Mar. 2020; CZMA FLO 6039 to CZMA FLO 6044 , INPA FLO 6894 to INPA FLO 6897 • 3 ♂♂; same data as for holotype; 15−30 Apr. 2020; INPA FLO 6056 to INPA FLO 6058 • 8 ♂♂; same data as for holotype; 15−31 May 2020; INPA FLO 6212 to INPA FLO 6216 , CSCA FLO 6219 to CSCA FLO 6221 • 5 ♂♂; same data as for holotype; 15−30 Jun. 2020; INPA FLO 5889 to INPA FLO 5893 • 6 ♂♂; same data as for holotype; 15−31 Jul. 2020; CSCA FLO 5896 to CSCA FLO 5898 , MNRJ FLO 6077 to MNRJ FLO 6079 • 6 ♂♂; same data as for holotype; 15−31 Aug. 2020; CSCA FLO 6273 to CSCA FLO 6275 , CZMA FLO 6551 to CZMA FLO 6553 • 4 ♂♂; same data as for holotype; 15−30 Sep. 2020; INPA FLO 6659 to INPA FLO 6662 • 8 ♂♂; same data as for holotype; 15−31 Oct. 2020; CZMA FLO 5796 to CZMA FLO 5798 , INPA FLO 5811 to INPA FLO 5815 • 18 ♂♂; same data as for holotype; 15−30 Nov. 2020; CZMA FLO 6114 to CZMA FLO 6121 , INPA FLO 6562 to INPA FLO 6566 , MZUSP FLO 6571 to MZUSP FLO 6575 • 26 ♀♀; same data as for holotype; 14−20 Dec. 2019; F. Limeira-de-Oliveira, J.C. Oliveira, J.M. Oliveira and I. Cantanhede leg.; PET ( Vinagre V.[= Vinho] Tinto + Ferm. [= Fermento] Bio. [= Biológico]+ Etanol), 20 mts [= metros]; INPA FLO 1732 to INPA FLO 1739 , CZMA FLO 1741 to CZMA FLO 1759 • 3 ♀♀; same data as for holotype; 15−31 Mar. 2020; CZMA FLO 5990 to CZMA FLO 5992 • 5 ♀♀; same data as for holotype; 15−30 Apr. 2020; CZMA FLO 5824 to CZMA FLO 5828 • 3 ♀♀; same data as for holotype; 15−30 Jun. 2020; INPA FLO 6141 to INPA FLO 6143 • 3 ♀♀; same data as for holotype; 15−31 Jul. 2020; INPA FLO 5981 to INPA FLO 5983 • 10 ♀♀; same data as for holotype; 15−31 Aug. 2020; INPA FLO 6488 to INPA FLO 6493 , MNRJ FLO 6537 to MNRJ FLO 6540 • 7 ♀♀; same data as for holotype; 15−30 Sep. 2020; CZMA FLO 5961 to CZMA FLO 5964 , INPA FLO 6138 to INPA FLO 6140 • 16 ♀♀; same data as for holotype; 15−31 Oct. 2020; CZMA FLO 5911 to CZMA FLO 5915 , INPA FLO 5942 to INPA FLO 5946 , MNRJ FLO 6474 to MNRJ FLO 6479 • 18 ♀♀; same data as for holotype; 15−30 Nov. 2020; MNRJ FLO 6008 to MNRJ FLO 6010 , INPA FLO 6011 to INPA FLO 6015 , CZMA FLO 6016 to CZMA FLO 6025 • 17 ♀♀; Carolina, PARNA [= Parque Nacional] Chapada das Mesas, RPPN [= Reserva Particular do Patrimônio Natural] Mansinha ; 7°18′11.9″ S, 47°26′07″ W; 12−15 Mar. 2023; F. Limeira-de-Oliveira, R. Ale-Rocha and A. Tôrres leg.; PET ( Vinagre V. [= Vinho] Tinto + Etanol), alta 20 mts [= metros]); INPA FLO 7067 to INPA FLO 7084 .

Description

Measurements ( Figs 1–8). Body: length 4.8 mm; wing: length 0.4 mm, width 0.6 mm.

Male

HEAD ( Figs 1–4). 1.8 × as high as long and 1.2 × as wide as high. Frons 1.4 × as wide as long, with lateral margins yellow from 3 rd pair fronto-orbital seta and encompassing bases of 1 st and 2 nd pairs fronto-orbital setae; 3 rd pair fronto-orbital setae originated in line with lower margin of anterior ocellus; fronto-orbital plate either entirely yellow ( Fig. 3). Lunule 0.2 mm high; 0.4 × height or length of frons. Antenna predominantly yellow-orange, including first two aristal segments, except for small dark spots on median surface of scape and pedicel and distal ¾ of postpedicel, including remaining aristal segments, brown ( Figs 3–4).

THORAX ( Figs 1–2, 5). Mesonotum and scutellum predominantly brown; mesonotum with anterior half light brown, posterior half dark yellow, including transverse band anterior region in mesonotum, interconnected to postpronotal lobes, just above pronotum, and sublateral region of transverse suture and anterolateral region of scutellum, dark yellow; mesonotum more intensely yellowish in region surrounding postalar seta or in posterolateral corners, dark gray pruinose, except for yellow pruinose, sparse in posterolateral corners, yellowish near dorsocentral setae, sparsely in prescutellar region from 3 rd pair of dorsocentral setae to scutellum (subshiny in some specimens, sparse yellow pruinose) ( Figs 2, 5). Scutellum with pruinosity entirely yellow or brown with margin yellow ( Fig. 5). Pleuron light brown ( Fig. 2).

LEGS ( Fig. 2). Mid tibia predominantly yellow.

WING ( Figs 2, 6). Length 4.0 mm and width 1.5 mm (= 2.7 × as long as wide); veins yellow ( Fig. 6), paler in basal parts of veins ( Fig. 2).

ABDOMEN ( Fig. 1). Tergites dark yellow to light brown.

MALE TERMINALIA ( Figs 7 –18, 73–74, 79). Epandrium and surstylus yellowish; about 1.4 × as high as long (Fig. 11). Cercus opening with inverted ‘arrow’ appearance, semihyaline medial membrane extended to ½ of its length, or to proximal end of cercal opening ( Figs 7 –14, 73). Inner and outer surstyli weakly fused at proximal end. Inner surstylus parallel-sided and straight in both anterior and lateral view (Figs 12, 14). Outer surstylus with basal part narrow, less than ¼ of distal lobe height in lateral view and greatly enlarged distally, ‘soup ladle-shaped’ in lateral view (Fig. 14). Subepandrial sclerite with an anteromedial margin in an open U-shaped, and with lightly arched posterior margin with angle of approximately 180° ( Fig. 74). Angle of pregonite 90° ( Fig. 79).

Female

Similar to male (in external morphology of head, thorax, wings, legs and abdomen), except as noted below:

TERMINALIA ( Figs 19–24). Tergite 6 dark yellow to light brown, except for a small rectangular area slightly lighter on mediodistal margin, proximal ⅔ glabrous, distal ⅓ with long, strong setae, spiracle close to anteroventral margin with area of membranous insertion. Sternite 6 membranous, with anteromedial sclerotization ‘top hat-shaped’, quadrangular lateromedian area, posterior margin with row of 8 setae (1 pair median, 1 pair submedian, 2 lateral pairs), subequal in length and diameter, except for slightly weaker submedian pair. Tergite 7 strongly fused to sternite 7; tergite 7 almost entirely membranous, except for strongly sclerotized subproximal band extending ventrally forming ring with dorsomedial constriction, slightly more pronounced at posterodistal margin; sternite 7 with large concavity on posteroventral margin, with short and sparse setulae.

Variation

Male (n =10): body length 3.8−5.6 mm, mean 4.7 mm; wing length 3.3−4.5 mm, mean 3.9 mm; wing width 1.1−1.7 mm, mean 1.4 mm. Female (n = 10): body length 3.3−6.2 mm, mean 4.6 mm; wing length 2.7−4.1 mm, mean 3.5 mm; wing width 1.0− 1.6 mm, mean 1.4 mm. Thorax: the specimens collected at FLONA of Palmares, state of Piauí, have a mesonotum and scutellum predominantly brown to dark brown.

Geographical record

Brazil: Amazonas (Manaus), Maranhão ( Carolina, Caxias, Mirador ), Pará (Belterra), Piauí (Altos).

Habitat

Canopy between 15 to 40 meters high in the Amazon forest, around Manaus, Amazonas and in the riparian forest at Cerrado, in the states of Maranhão and Piauí.

Figs 9–18 (next page). Papaverodinia chiquinhamum gen. et sp. nov., paratypes, ♂♂, terminalia. 9–10. CZMA FLO 6291. 9. Syntergosternite 7+8, dorsal view. 10. Sternite 6 and 7, ventral view. 11– 17. CZMA FLO 1392. 11. Sternite 6 and 7, lateral view. 12. Epandrium, cerci, outer and inner surstylus and subepandrial sclerite, anterior view. 13. epandrium, outer and inner surstylus and subepandrial sclerite, posterior view. 14. Epandrium, cercus and outer and inner surstylus, lateral view. 15. Phallapodeme, hypandrium, basiphallus and phallus, dorsal view. 16. Phallapodeme, hypandrium, phallus, postgonite, connection between pre- and postgonite and pregonite, ventral view. 17. Phallapodeme, hypandrium, hypandrium arm, gonocoxal apodeme and articulation of hypandrium arm with subepandrial sclerite and pregonite, lateral view. 18. CZMA FLO 6887, phallapodeme, hypandrium, hypandrium arm, articulation of hypandrium arm with subepandrial sclerite, pregonite, basiphallus, parameral sheath, distiphallus and acrophallus, lateral view. Scale bars in mm.