Kaempferia (Protanthium)

Nopporncharoenkul, N. & Jenjittikul, T., 2024, Taxonomic revision of some taxa in Kaempferia subgenus Protanthium (Zingiberaceae) revealing a new species from Thailand and two new synonyms, Blumea 69, pp. 16-26 : 25

KEY 2 TO THE SPECIES OF KAEMPFERIA SUBG. PROTANTHIUM

(Use when timing of flowering is not observed)

1. Floral plane perpendicular to the ground; lateral staminodes upright to slightly arcuate; labellum deflexed in distal half with an incision around 1/2 of its length............ 2

1. Floral plane flat to the ground; lateral staminodes and labellum horizontal, arranged in the same plane; labellum with an incision more than 2/3 of its length......... 9

2. Leaves adpressed to the ground, suborbicular to ovate; ligule 1.5–3 cm long................ K. jenjittikuliae

2. Leaves semi-adpressed to upright, ovate, elliptic, to nar- rowly ovate to oblong; ligule less than 1 cm long..... 3

3. Leaves linear grass-like to narrowly ovate to oblong, less than 5 cm wide..................... K. graminifolia

3. Leaves narrowly ovate to oblong, elliptic to ovate; more than 5 cm wide............................... 4

4. Lateral staminodes pure white; labellum white with pale yellow patch basally towards centre...... K. noctiflora

4. Lateral staminodes white, light pink to pale purple; labellum white, light pink to pale purple with two deep pink to purple spots at centre............................... 5

5. Labellum with two conspicuous yellow bands from base to- wards centre; anther crest with obtuse to trilobed-undulate apex, middle lobe more elongated than side lobes....................................... K. simaoensis

5. Labellum with white to pale yellow band from base towards centre, surrounded by purple stripes; anther crest with bifid, bilobed to tridentate apex....................... 6

6. Storage roots branched with numerous, lateral and terminal subglobose to ovoid tubers; tubers 0.5–1 by 0.5–0.8 cm .................................. K. subglobosa

6. Storage roots unbranched with a single, terminal fusiform, ellipsoid to ovoid tuber; tuber 1.2–3.5 by 1–2 cm ..... 7

7. Anther crest with bilobed apex, usually with 1–3 small teeth between the main lobes; epigynous glands 2 –6 mm long..................................... K. rotunda

7. Anther crest with tridentate to undulate-truncate apex; epigynous glands 6 –12 mm long................... 8

8. Bracts and bracteole sparsely villous; epigynous gland 8– 12 mm long............................ K. aurora

8. Bracts and bracteole glabrous; epigynous gland 6–7 mm long............................... K. sipraiana

9. Pseudostem buried in the ground; leaves adpressed to the ground, orbicular, suborbicular to ovate........... 10

9. Pseudostem upright and outstanding above the ground; leaves narrowly ovate to oblong, elliptic to broadly ovate ........................................... 12

10. Lateral staminodes pure white; labellum white with pale yellow patch basally towards centre...... K. grandifolia

10. Lateral staminodes light pink to deep pink; labellum light pink to purple with two deep reddish to deep purple spots at centre................................... 11

11. Labellum with white to cream white patch basally towards centre........................... K. lopburiensis

11. Labellum with deep pink to deep purple patch basally towards centre........................ K. udonensis

12. Lateral staminodes pure white; labellum white with pale yellow patch basally towards centre.............. 13

12. Lateral staminodes light pink to deep pink; labellum light pink to purple with two deep reddish to deep purple spots at centre................................... 14

13. Petiole subsessile to 2.5 cm long......... K. albiflora

13. Petiole more than 10 cm long.......... K. caespitosa

14. Leaves with petiole, green usually with 1–3 layers of white to pale light green patches arranged parallel along the leaf edges, between the midrib and both sides of the edges.................................... K. takensis

14. Leaf blade sessile, green...... K. xiengkhouangensis