Cycloperipsocus pangi Li, 1993

Cao, Leran & Liu, Xingyue, 2025, A review of the bark louse genus Cycloperipsocus Li, 1993 (Psocodea: Peripsocidae) with description of five new species, Zootaxa 5620 (2), pp. 201-229 : 213-217

Cycloperipsocus pangi Li, 1993

( Figs 14–19 )

Cycloperipsocus pangi Li, 1993: 378 . Type locality: China (Guangdong: Shixing, Chebaling ).

Diagnosis. Postclypeus with faint brown stripes. Forewing Mb (at least its basal half) cream. Phallosome rounded at apex. Paramere with its tip expanded into fan-shaped, a papillary inner process present.

Redescription. Male ( Figs 14 , 16–17 ). Coloration (preserved in 95% ethanol). Head: vertex pale brown with dark-colored markings; frons brown; gena light brown, bottom 1/3 reddish-brown; postclypeus pale brown, with faint brown stripes; anteclypeus and labrum brown; maxillary palpus pale with reddish-brown markings along margin; ocelli and ocellar region white; compound eyes black, sometimes with white envelope. Antennae: scape and pedicel pale brown; flagellum buff, darkening toward apex. Thorax brown; scutellum, postnotum of mesothorax and scutellum of metathorax pale cream. Legs: fore coxae pale brown, mid and hind coxae pale cream; femora pale cream, fore and mid femora each possess a light brown broad ring at middle part; tibiae pale brown, shallowing toward both ends in hind tibiae; fore and mid tarsi light brown, hind tarsi pale cream; pretarsi brown. Wings cream white with taupe markings as in Figs 16C–D ; distal half of pterostigma brown; forewing Mb (at least its basal half) cream, a pale spot present at distal margin of cell M2. Pregenital abdominal segments cream, with dark reddish-purple markings on ventral and lateral sides. Terminalia grayish brown, a reddish-purple spot present in the middle of clunium.

Morphology. Clunium slightly extended, without any process or serrations. Epiproct semicircular. Paraproct ovoid, inner margin with a small process; posterior lobe ovate. Hypandrium simple. Phallosome ( Figs 17E–J ) basally closed, slightly constricted in the middle; aedeagal arch rounded at apex, distal 1/3 hood-like; parameres strong, distally expanded into fan-shaped, a pair of papillary inner process present medially. Penis bulb consists of a middle thorn and a pair of lateral lobes; the middle thorn expanded at base, reflexed upward at the middle of its posterior margin and prolongates forward into spike shape with sclerotization gradually reduced; lateral lobe expanded into hemispheric shape, serrated along outer margin, inner margin with a long spine pointed forward.

Measurements (in μm) (10 males). B: 1086–1465, BW: 1931–2246, IO: 107–128, d: 155–166, IO/d: 0.63–0.81, f1: 162–187, FWL: 1450–1826, FWW: 652–827, HWL: 1112–1415, HWW: 430–567, t1: 132–161, t2: 65–80. Number of ctenidia on hind first tarsomere: 12–14.

Female ( Figs 15 , 18–19 ). Coloration (preserved in 95% ethanol). Head: vertex cream white with pale gray markings; frons cream white, with a pale brown area around ocellar region and a pair of reddish-brown spots between postclypeus and compound eyes; gena cream white, bottom 1/3 reddish-brown, a reddish-brown spot present rear to compound eye. Antennae buff, flagellum darkening toward apex. Other parts are generally the same as male.

Morphology. Epiproct semicircular. Paraproct subtriangular. Subgenital plate ( Figs 19E–F ) with pigmented area V-shaped; pigmented arm narrowing toward end, apically bifurcate; egg guide short, constricted at base, outer and distal margin folded inward. Gonapophyses ( Figs 19D, 19G ): ventral valve broadened with membrane in middle, narrowing toward apex; dorsal valve broad, oblong, about 1.5 times as long as its width, with a row of long setae along distal margin; external valve rectangular, about half the length of dorsal valve, slightly setose.

Measurements (in μm) (7 females). B: 1277–1577, BW: 2041–2253, IO: 230–251, d: 90–98, IO/d: 2.46–2.62, f1: 105–138, FWL: 1657–1834, FWW: 675–817, HWL: 1239–1422, HWW: 465–530, t1: 99–128, t2: 67–78. Number of ctenidia on hind first tarsomere: 9–12.

Material examined. Holotype male, China: Guangdong, Shaoguan, Shixing, Chebaling NNR , 600 m, 23.IV.1991, Fasheng Li ( CAU) . Allotype female (originally designated), China: Guangdong, Shaoguan, Shixing, Chebaling NNR , 500 m, 25.IV.1991, Fasheng Li ( CAU) . Other specimens: 1 male, 2 females, China: Guangdong, Shaoguan, Shixing, Chebaling NNR, along X346 [24°42′18″N, 114°10′30″E], 520 m, 2.VI.2021, Leran Cao ( CAU) . 1 male, 2 females, China: Guangdong, Shaoguan, Shixing, Chebaling NNR, Drifting Valley [24°43′27″N, 114°15′25″E], 350 m, 3.VI.2021, Leran Cao ( CAU) . 1 female, China: Jiangxi, Ganzhou, Longnan, Wudang Town, Qitangshan Forest Farm [24°39′48″N, 114°43′21″E], 650 m, 8.VI.2021, Leran Cao ( CAU) . 1 male, China: Hunan, Chenzhou, Yizhang, Mangshan NNR, Chawanggu [24°58′58″N, 112°54′54″E], 720 m, 23.V.2021, Leran Cao ( CAU) . 1 male, China: Chongqing, Wuxi, Yintiaoling NNR, Hongqi Station [31°18′0″N, 109°29′24″E], 1186 m, 29.VI.2022, Ying Yang ( CAU) . 1 male, China: Chongqing, Wuxi, Yintiaoling NNR, Linkouzi Station [31°28′12″N, 109°52′11″E], 1248 m, 18.VIII.2022, Leran Cao ( CAU) . 3 males, 3 females, China: Guangxi, Laibin, Jinxiu, Changdong Township, Shengtangshan [23°58′23″N, 110°6′46″E], 1205 m, 14.VIII.2023, Leran Cao & Jingyu Wu ( CAU) . 2 males, 1 female, China: Xizang, Linzhi, Chayu, Shangchayu Town, Bendui Village , 2000 m, 8.VIII.2024, Xingyue Liu ( CAU) . 1 male, China: Xizang, Linzhi, Muotuo, Muotuo Town, Shuidian Hotel , 1000 m, 4.VIII.2024, Xingyue Liu ( CAU) . 1 male, China: Yunnan, Honghe, Lvchun, Huanglianshan NNR, Yakou Station [22°53′16″N, 102°24′5″E], 1843 m, 9.VII.2016, Ya’nan Lyu ( CAU) . 1 male, China: Yunnan, Lijiang, Huaping, Yongxing Township , 16.VII.2022, Xingyue Liu ( CAU) . 6 males, 9 females, China: Yunnan, Baoshan, Tengchong, Zhangjiafen Wazi [24°51′21″N, 98°43′18″E], 1748 m, 30.VI.2024, Leran Cao ( CAU) . 1 male, China: Hainan, Qiongzhong, Zayun Township, Yinggeling NNR, Yinggezui Station [19°2′54″N, 109°33′36″E], 741 m, 24.XII.2024, Leran Cao, Luochong Wang & Rongzhen Xu ( CAU) . 2 males, 1 female, China: Hainan, Ledong, Jianfengling NNR, Mingfenggu [18°44′29″N, 108°50′35″E], 979 m, 21.XII.2024, Leran Cao, Luochong Wang & Rongzhen Xu ( CAU) .

Known distribution. China (Chongqing, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Hunan, Jiangxi, Xizang, Yunnan).

Remarks. C. pangi is proved to be a widespread species in southern China after our examination and molecular identification of specimens from various localities. It is close to C. variatus in forewing markings but can be clearly distinguished from the latter by postclypeus with faint brown stripes rather than circular spots arranged in transversal rows (after the original description of female C. variatus by Soehardjan & Hamann). However, Vaughan et al. (1989) reported that males of C. variatus present ‘indistinct striae’ on postclypeus. According to their description, males of C. variatus also show a close similarity to those of C. pangi in phallosome and can be distinguished only by forewing cell M2 lacking a marginal pale spot. Considering that the pattern of markings on postclypeus is an important diagnostic characteristic in Cycloperipsocus , the accuracy of sexual matching by Vaughan et al. seems doubtful. But whether the specimens they recorded from Indonesia is C. pangi still needs further study, because the present of a pale spot marginal to forewing cell M2 is crucial for species identification as well. Nonetheless, we speculate that the specimens of C. variatus recorded from Hong Kong ( Thornton & Wong 1968) and Guangdong ( New 1991) should be C. pangi in consideration of morphological features and distribution.

Figures

FIGURE 14. Cycloperipsocus pangi Li, 1993, holotype male. (A) forewing; (B) hindwing; (C) head, lateral view; (D) head, frontal view; (E) head, dorsal view; (F) phallosome, dorsal view; (G) phallosome, lateral view.

FIGURE 15 Cycloperipsocus pangi Li, 1993, allotype female. (A) forewing; (B) hindwing; (C) head, lateral view; (D) head, frontal view; (E) head, dorsal view; (F) subgenital plate, ventral view; (G) gonapophyses, lateral view.

FIGURE 16. Cycloperipsocus pangi Li, 1993, male. (A) habitus, lateral view; (B) habitus, dorsal view; (C) forewing; (D) hindwing; (E) head, frontal view; (F) head, dorsal view.

FIGURE 17. Cycloperipsocus pangi Li, 1993, genitalia of male. (A) lateral view; (B) caudal view; (C) clunium, epiproct and paraprocts, dorsal view; (D) hypandrium, ventral view; (E–F) phallosome, dorsal view; (G–H) phallosome, lateral view; (I) phallosome, caudal view; (J) penis bulb, dorsal view. cl: clunium, ep: epiproct, pp: paraproct, pl: posterior lobe of paraproct, hy: hypandrium, ph: phallosome.

FIGURE 18. Cycloperipsocus pangi Li, 1993, female. (A) habitus, lateral view; (B) habitus, dorsal view; (C) forewing; (D) hindwing; (E) head, frontal view; (F) head, dorsal view.

FIGURE 19. Cycloperipsocus pangi Li, 1993, genitalia of female. (A) dorsal view; (B) lateral view, subgenital plate removed; (C) caudal view, subgenital plate removed; (D) ventral view, subgenital plate removed; (E) subgenital plate, ventral view; (F) subgenital plate, lateral view; (G) gonapophyses, lateral view. cl: clunium, ep: epiproct, pp: paraproct, vv: ventral valve, dv: dorsal valve, ev: external valve.