Rhagoletis tabellaria (Fitch, 1855)

Yee, W. L., Forbes, A. A. & Feder, J. L., 2020, Eclosion and adult longevity traits of Rhagoletis tabellaria (Diptera: Tephritidae) and Utetes tabellariae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) in the laboratory, The Canadian Entomologist 152 (2), pp. 145-158 : 151

Eclosion of Rhagoletis tabellaria and Utetes tabellariae , 0-day chill

When R. tabellaria puparia were not chilled but kept at 20–22 °C after puparial formation, none of the 198 puparia generated from fruit collected in Roslyn and Nile eclosed as nondiapause, direct developing adults. However, at 28 days postfly pupariation, three U. tabellariae wasps (two were females) eclosed from these 198 puparia (= 1.5%). In addition, at 29 days, five U. canaliculatus (two were females) eclosed from nonchilled puparia from a fruit collection made on 14 August 2018 in Nile, accounting for 2.5% of the puparia collected.

Of 188 puparia recovered from soil in cups in the no-chill treatment from Roslyn and Nile, 85.1% (160) contained live fly pupae. Of the remainder, 8.0% (15) contained dead pupae or were empty due to wasp eclosion, and 6.9% (13) contained live wasp larvae (presumably U. tabellariae ). In total, puparia from the no-chill treatment produced or had 16 U. tabellariae or other wasps, so at least 18.8% (3) of U. tabellariae were nondiapausing.