Bauhinia caloneura Malme (1900: 29)

Amorim, Daniele Dos Santos De & Pessoa, Edlley, 2025, Bauhinia s. s. (Fabaceae-Cercidoideae) from Baixada Cuiabana, Mato Grosso, Brazil: a neglected center of diversity for the genus, Phytotaxa 681 (2), pp. 146-166 : 152

3. Bauhinia caloneura Malme (1900: 29) ( Figure 3B )

Type:— Brazil. Mato Grosso: Cuiabá, 22 November 1893, G. O. A. Malme , I: 1138 [lectotype: first step designated by Vaz (1995), second step designated here, S-R-9164 photograph!; isolectotypes: R03534 photograph!, S09-37242 photograph!, S-R-9191 photograph!, S09-37239 photograph!; S09-37238 photograph!] .

Shrubs or subshrubs, 1.5–3.0 m tall. Branches unarmed, extrafloral nectaries present. Stipules persistent, linear. Leaves unifoliolate, petiole 0.7–1.2 × 0.1–0.2 cm; leaf blade 4.2–15.1 × 3.9–12.0 cm, bilobed, base subcordate to cordate, lobe apex obtuse, leaflets elliptic to ovate. Inflorescence terminal, peduncle 0.8–3.3 cm long; rachis 7.0–8.0 cm long, floral bracts linear, 0.8–1.0 cm long. Flowers 8–12 per inflorescence; pedicel 0.8–2.5 cm long; developed floral bud 3.0– 9.6 cm long, costate, tubular; hypanthium 1.0– 1.3 cm long, internally glabrous; sepals 3.0–5.0 cm long; petals linear, apex acuminate; fertile stamens 10, homomorphic, filaments 1.3–3.5 cm long; gynoecium, stipe 2.5–3.5 cm long, ovary 1.0– 1.5 cm long, hirsute; style ca. 3.0 cm long, stigma clavate. Fruits 9.3–13 × 0.9–2.0 cm.

Examined material: — Brazil. Mato Grosso: Chapada dos Guimarães, PARNA Chapada dos Guimarães, morro São Jerônimo , 16 May 1999, (fr.), L. Amorim Neto s/n ( UFMT 21572 ) ; Chapada dos Guimarães, APM-Manso, 09 March 2001, (fr.), M. Macedo 7522 et al. ( UFMT) ; Parque Nacional Chapada dos Guimarães, estrada para o rio claro, 315 m, 15°19’43.1”S, 55°53’38.7”W, 30 January 2015, (fr.), A. L. L. C. Oliveira 1438 et al. ( UFG) ; Nobres , arredores da Fazenda Quebó, 24 May 1997, (fr.), V. C. Souza 17118 et al. ( ESA, UFMT) ; Nova Brasilândia, estrada entre Nova Brasilândia e Chapada dos Guimarães, ca. 4 km de Nova Brasilândia, 06 October 1997, (bd., fl.), V. C. Souza 20022 et al. ( ESA, LUSC, RB, UFMT) ; Rosário Oeste, rodovia Manso-Rosário Oeste, Fazenda Nossa Senhora da Conceição , 15 February 2008, (bd., fr.), A. L. do Prado & G. do Prado ( UFMT 32019 ) .

Distribution: This Brazilian endemic occurs only in the state of Mato Grosso ( Vaz & Santos 2023, POWO 2023). It is found exclusively in the Cerrado domain ( Vaz & Santos 2023) and in the study region it occurs in hills, in ferrous, rocky, or clayey-sandy soils.

Taxonomic comments: It belongs to Bauhinia sect. Pauletia ser. Cansenia . This species can be recognized by its glabrous, adaxially shiny leaf blade, with impressed secondary veins, hirsute abaxially with prominent veins, persistent linear stipules and hirsute indument on the floral buds, staminal column, ovary and fruit sutures. In the staminal column and ovary, the indument is golden-yellow. According to Vaz & Tozzi (2003a), this species lacks information about its interspecific affinities, and is not included in any described species complex.

Malme (1900) described B. caloneura based on material collected by himself in Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, but did not indicate a holotype among his samples. Vaz (1995) indicated a material deposited at S as lectotype without indicating which specimen. We recognize Vaz’s (1995) typification, but because we found five specimens at S and one at R, a second step typification is needed to indicate which among the S specimens is the lectotype. We select specimen S-R-9164, which was annotated in person by Vaz in 1995 and here designate it as the lectotype.

Figures

FIGURE 3. Leaf morphology of species found in Baixada Cuiabana. A: Bauhinia brevipes Vogel (M. Macedo s.n. et al.); B: Bauhinia caloneura Malme (V.C. Souza 20022 et al.); C: Bauhinia cheilantha (Bong.) Steud. (F.F. Xavier s.n.); D: Bauhinia cupulata Benth. (M. Macedo 4643 & J. Urbano); E: Bauhinia curvula Benth.(R.R. Silva s.n. & C. Spiller); F: Bauhinia longifolia (Bong.) Steud.(D.S. Amorim 219).