Abana horvathi (Jacobi, 1905)

Sauceda-V, Jefferson, Malenovský, Igor & Takiya, Daniela M., 2025, Species delimitation and taxonomic revision of Abana Distant, 1908 (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Proconiini): Intraspecific color variation and pseudocryptic diversity in Andean sharpshooters, Zootaxa 5596 (1), pp. 1-60 : 42-43

publication ID	https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5596.1.1
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:AF876CCB-164A-4E2E-9CB1-1DBED7E3E505
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D187DF-5B37-3654-15CE-35DDBFCAC8CA
treatment provided by	Plazi
scientific name	Abana horvathi
status

Treatment

Abana horvathi View in CoL species complex

( Figs. 24–29 View FIGURE 24 View FIGURE 25 View FIGURE 26 View FIGURE 27 View FIGURE 28 View FIGURE 29 )

Diagnosis. Body coloration ( Fig. 24A, B View FIGURE 24 , 25A, B View FIGURE 25 , 27A, B View FIGURE 27 ) mostly ivory to yellow and dark brown to black; anterior portion of crown ( Fig. 24A View FIGURE 24 , 25A View FIGURE 25 , 27A View FIGURE 27 ) and dorsal portion of frons ( Fig. 24B View FIGURE 24 , 25B View FIGURE 25 , 27B View FIGURE 27 ) ivory to yellow, crown with contrasting dark maculae posteriorly and frons with contrasting dark maculae inferiorly; pronotum ( Fig. 24A View FIGURE 24 , 25A View FIGURE 25 , 27A View FIGURE 27 , 29A, D, G, J, M, P View FIGURE 29 ) reddish brown, anterior portion with black marginal stripe complete or medially interrupted, with anterolateral yellow paired maculae, sometimes very small and inconspicuous dorsally, or very extended transversally, merging and forming a transversal stripe; male forewing ( Fig. 24A, B View FIGURE 24 , 25A, B View FIGURE 25 , 27A, B View FIGURE 27 ) black; female forewing ( Figs. 28A, B View FIGURE 28 , 29G–R View FIGURE 29 ) with one or two ivory transverse stripes: one at basal half (of variable width and length or absent) and another aligned with clavus apex (also variable in width and length or absent), sometimes well extended and merged, covering almost completely ( Fig. 29M, N View FIGURE 29 ) to completely ( Fig. 29P, Q View FIGURE 29 ) the wing area. Crown anterior margin ( Figs. 24A View FIGURE 24 , 25A View FIGURE 25 , 27A View FIGURE 27 , 29G, J, M, P View FIGURE 29 ) subtriangular, apex sometimes truncate; anterior portion, in lateral view, straight ( Figs. 24B View FIGURE 24 , 25B View FIGURE 25 , 29E, H, K, N, Q View FIGURE 29 ), not inflated, or inflated ( Figs. 27B View FIGURE 27 , 28B View FIGURE 28 , 29A View FIGURE 29 ), forming an obtuse angle in the transition to face; disk with a distinct depression; M-shaped elevation bordering posterior margin present and conspicuous. Connective ( Fig. 24E View FIGURE 24 , 25E View FIGURE 25 , 27E View FIGURE 27 ) arms converging anteriorly; base of arms with a U- or V-shaped dorsal rim. Style ( Fig. 24E View FIGURE 24 , 25E View FIGURE 25 , 27E View FIGURE 27 ) with apodeme wide and long, almost as long as apophysis length; inner lobe subtriangular or subquadrate; apical portion as long as wide; not extending to connective apex. Aedeagal shaft ( Fig. 24F–H View FIGURE 24 , 25F–H View FIGURE 25 , 27F–H View FIGURE 27 ) with anterodorsal projections slender and long. Dorsal connective ( Fig. 24F–H View FIGURE 24 , 25F–H View FIGURE 25 , 27F–H View FIGURE 27 ) sclerotized; submedian acute process conspicuous.

Species included. Abana amazonica Sauceda-V & Takiya, sp. nov., Abana colombiana Sauceda-V & Takiya, sp. nov., and Abana horvathi ( Jacobi, 1905) .

Distribution. Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru ( Fig. 30 View FIGURE 30 ).

Remarks. Five specimens initially identified morphologically as A. horvathi were studied on the basis of their COI sequences. This nominal species was recovered as a species complex and is here subdivided into three different species ( Fig. 2 View FIGURE 2 ). One of them was identified here as A. horvathi , because the morphology of the sequenced specimen matches the lectotype of A. horvathi ( Figs. 27A, B View FIGURE 27 , 29A, B View FIGURE 29 ), and the collection localities are very close to each other, both in the Cuzco department in Peru. The other two species are described here as new species: A. amazonica sp. nov. and A. colombiana sp. nov. The COI analyses were also useful in assigning male and female specimens and confirming sexual dimorphism within this species complex, with most males having completely dark forewings and females having lighter forewing coloration with pale transversal stripes of varying size and number ( Figs. 26A–D View FIGURE 26 , 28A, B View FIGURE 28 , 29G–R View FIGURE 29 ). The different color pattern of the females is obviously an important taxonomic information for the differentiation of the species within A. horvathi s.l., however, due to the low variability in males and the lack of suitable specimens for molecular studies that would allow us to associate the males with the females of most female morphotypes (except those treated in the molecular species delimitation analyses), most of the different female morphotypes are still treated as the same species within A. horvathi s.s. in this paper. It is clear that the true species richness within A. horvathi s.l remains to be discovered and will require greater effort and sampling to enable effective delimitation.

The current morphological concept of A. horvathi , established by Young (1968), is based on illustrations of the male pygofer and aedeagus from a specimen from Cuzco ( Peru), which he described as identical to the male genitalia of the lectotype of A. horvathi ( Fig. 29A, B View FIGURE 29 ) and the male lectotype of the considered synonym, A. pomposula ( Jacobi, 1905) ( Fig. 29D, E View FIGURE 29 ). Both types are from Marcapata ( Peru) and have the distinct male coloration of this species complex: crown yellow with posterior part with contrasting black macula(e), pronotum mostly castaneous, and completely black forewings. They seem to differ only in the shape of the posterior macula(e) on the crown: in A. horvathi lectotype it is a complete black stripe, while in A. pomposula lectotype, there are two triangular black maculae (the stripe is incomplete medially). The utility of the few male color pattern characters to delimit species within the A. horvathi complex is difficult to assess, because Abana are generally not well represented in collections and few individuals are available for study, most of which are too old for sequence data analyses. In addition, the aedeagus illustrated in Young (1968) shows the distinctive slender and long anterodorsal projections of the lateral apical projections of the aedeagus shaft, which is useful in distinguishing most other Abana species from the A. horvathi complex, but it cannot be used to distinguish species within the complex, nor from other similar species: A. confusa sp. nov, A. haupti , A. inornata sp. nov., and A. minuta sp. nov. It is impossible to distinguish all these species on the basis of aedeagus characters alone. To make matters even more confusing, Young (1968) assumed that the species was probably sexually dimorphic in coloration. He synonymized four other species names (one of them, A. sonora , is removed from Abana here) under A. horvathi , described on the basis of female specimens showing a very distinct color pattern compared to the male coloration and a high degree of color polymorphism among them ( Fig. 29G–R View FIGURE 29 ). Thus, the morphological concept of A. horvathi continues to include a high degree of color polymorphism, while the characters of the male genitalia vary little, albeit in structures such as the connective and the style, which are not normally the primary source of diagnostic characters of cicadelline species. Again, given the small number of specimens, it is currently unknown how useful this variation is.