Borysthenes Stål, 1866

Lyu, Tianlang, 2025, Taxonomic notes on the genus Borysthenes Stål, 1866 (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Borysthenidae), with description of six new species from China, Zootaxa 5665 (1), pp. 67-84 : 68

publication ID	https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5665.1.4
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:AE69B232-FCCA-40CC-B6F7-73EA43D06822
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16608784
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CECD46-6B51-5D4B-FF14-FBD91CCB24D6
treatment provided by	Plazi
scientific name	Borysthenes Stål, 1866
status

Treatment

Genus Borysthenes Stål, 1866 View in CoL View at ENA

Type species. Cixius finitus Walker, 1857: 149 ; by subsequent designation by Stål 1866b: 392.

Borysthenes Stål, 1866a: 165 View in CoL .

Barma Distant, 1906: 266 .

Type species. Barma diversa Distant, 1906: 266 , by original designation and monotypy. Synonymised by Distant 1907: 3.

Vademela Melichar, 1914: 100 .

Type species. Vademela fusconotatus Melichar, 1914: 101 ; by original designation and monotypy. Synonymised by Muir 1925: 104.

Diagnostic characters updated from Lyu & Webb (2023): a) presence of subantennal process below the level of compound eyes and antennae ( Lyu & Webb 2023, Fig. 1D–E View FIGURE 1 ), b) vertex without median carina ( Lyu & Webb 2023, Fig. 1A, 1G View FIGURE 1 ), c) tegmina usually held inversely tectiform with anal apical angle overlapped in repose ( Fig. 6B–E View FIGURE 6 ), d) lack of tegmina pterostigma, e) tegmen MP 1+2 with 3 terminals, MP 3+4 with 2 terminals ( Fig. 7A View FIGURE 7 , intraspecific variation exist, see following notes), f) tegmen icu veinlet not connected with claval suture ( Fig. 7A View FIGURE 7 ), g) hindwing with MP 3+4 connected with CuA by veinlet ( Lyu & Webb 2023, Fig. 2G View FIGURE 2 ), h) sclerotization of male 4–7 th abdomen sternite interrupted in the middle, 8 th sternite completely sclerotized ( Fig. 7B View FIGURE 7 ), i) sclerotization of female pregenital sternite complete, without middle interruption, j) aedeagus with endosoma reduced and sclerotized, bearing denticles and sometimes sharp process(es).

Remarks: Tegmina venations are used as diagnostic characters for the genus, and a general diagram of forewing venation of Borysthenes is provided ( Fig. 7A View FIGURE 7 ). However, it has been observed on some species that venations, especially the terminal furcation of each longitudinal vines, are subjected to intraspecific variations (e.g., specimen with 6-ternimaled MP as in Fig. 1E View FIGURE 1 , and specimen with 3-ternimaled RP as in Lyu & Webb 2023, Fig. 1A–C View FIGURE 1 ).

Emeljanov (1989) provided a forewing venation diagram based on Borysthenes fatalis Emeljanov from Vietnam, showing three veinlets between MP and CuA. However, only two veinlets between MP an CuA were observed on specimens studied here.