Shaanxinus longiembolus Irfan, Zhang & Peng

Irfan, Muhammad, Zhou, Gu-Chun, Peng, Xian-Jin & Zhang, Zhi-Sheng, 2025, Survey of Linyphiidae spiders (Arachnida: Araneae) from some Oriental Regions of China, Megataxa 15 (1), pp. 1-248 : 168-169

Shaanxinus longiembolus Irfan, Zhang & Peng , sp. n.

(ẗdọe)

Figures 218–221 , 314 , 315

Types. Holotype ♂, CHINA, Hubei Prov.: Badong Co., Yanduhe Town, Songziyuan Vill ., 31.35278°N, 110.39937°E, 1836 m, 27.IV.2016, W. Liu et al. leg.; Paratypes: 1♂ 12♀, with same data as for holotype male; Hunan Prov.: 3♀, Zhangjiajie City, Wulingyuan District , Suoxiyu Town , Wenfeng Vill. , 29.352935°N, 110.608325°E, 582 m, 23.IV.2016, W. Liu et al. leg.

Etymology. The species name is combination of the Latin adjective “lon g us”, meaning “long” and the noun “embolus” and referring to the long embolus.

Diagnosis. Shaanxinus longiembolus sp. n. resembles S. rufus and S. ovatus sp. n. in having the similar embolic division and the ocular region protruding forward ( Figs 218A–D ; Figs 219A–D ; Tanasevitch 2006, figs 51–58), but can be distinguished by the anterior radical scaly part longer than wide, protruding above both of the anterior radical process and cymbium in S. longiembolus sp. n. ( Figs 218A–C ; vs. wider than long, retained below both of the anterior radical process and cymbium both in S. ovatus sp. n. and S. rufus ); protegulum distinct with broad round tip and slightly overlapping the distal part of embolic division in ventral view in S. longiembolus sp. n. ( Figs 218A–C ; vs. protegulum indistinct both in S. ovatus sp. n. and S. rufus ); paracymbium C-shaped in S. longiembolus sp. n. ( Fig. 218B ; vs. U-shaped both in S. ovatus sp. n. and S. rufus ). The epigyne can be distinguished from the S. ovatus sp. n. by the shape of spermathecae and the positions of the copulatory openings in S. longiembolus sp. n. ( Figs 220A–C ; Figs 224A–C ).

Description. Male (holotype, Figs 221A–C ): Total length: 3.60. Carapace 1.61 long, 1.26 wide, yellow, cephalic region strongly elevated 0.46 high; ocular region protruding forward with thick setae; fovea, cervical and radial grooves distinct. Clypeus 0.53 high. Chelicerae with three promarginal and five retromarginal teeth. Sternum longer than wide, brownish grey with microsetae. Eyes: AER straight, PER straight. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.06, ALE 0.08, PME 0.07, PLE 0.08, AME–AME 0.11, PME–PME 0.11, AME–ALE, 0.06, PME–PLE 0.07, AME–PME 0.12, ALE–ALE 0.41, PLE–PLE 0.45, ALE–PLE contiguous. Length of legs: I 5.79 (1.58, 1.96, 1.47, 0.78), II 5.46 (1.55, 1.88, 1.34, 0.69), III 4.21 (1.23, 1.33, 1.08, 0.57), IV 5.15 (1.49, 1.61, 1.41, 0.64). Tibial spine formula: 2-2-2-2. TmI 0.82 and TmIV present. Opisthosoma 1.99 long, 1.20 wide, oval, dusky grey, dorsally with distinct black pattern.

Palp ( Figs 218A–D , 219A–C ): Femur unmodified, almost longer than patella and tibia. Patella shorter than tibia, ventrally grooved. Tibia with two reterolateral and onedorsal trichobothria, ventrally with long thick spines, prolateral tibial apophysis (PTA) somewhat triangular, slightly curved with blunt end; cymbium unmodified, retrolateral margin membranous, with a shallow depression at the base, broad at distal end; paracymbium (PC) distal arm tip bifurcated, lower margin wave-like in ventral view; tegulum (T) possess distinct transparent protegulum (PT), with round tip slightly overlapping the embolic division; distal suprategular apophysis (DSA) sclerotized, slightly curved at apex. Embolic division: Radix (R) somewhat triangular; anterior radical process (ARP) sclerotized with pointed end; anterior radical scaly (ARS) part longer than wide, protruding above both of the anterior radical process and cymbium; lateral extension of radix (LER) thumb-shaped, slightly curved, covering terminal part of embolus; tailpiece (TP) relatively sharp with pointed tip; embolic membrane (EM) absent; embolus (E) sclerotized, arch-shaped, terminal part ends in anterior radical process.

Female (one of the paratypes, Figs 221D–F ): Total length: 3.66. Carapace 1.40 long, 1.12 wide, yellow, cephalic region slightly elevated; fovea, cervical and radial grooves distinct. Clypeus 0.29 high. Chelicerae with three promarginal and five retromarginal teeth. Sternum longer than wide, brownish grey with microsetae. Eyes: AER recurved, PER procurved, slightly wider. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.06, ALE 0.07, PME 0.07, PLE 0.08, AME–AME 0.06, PME–PME 0.08, AME–ALE, 0.04, PME–PLE 0.05, AME–PME 0.08, ALE–ALE 0.31, PLE–PLE 0.34, ALE–PLE 0.02. Length of legs: I 5.38 (1.54, 1.86, 1.34, 0.64), II 5.28 (1.49, 1.84, 1.32, 0.63), III 4 (1.21, 1.26, 102, 0.51), IV 4.96 (1.46, 1.61, 1.26, 0.63). Tibial spine formula: 2-2-2-2. TmI 0.84 and TmIV present. Opisthosoma 2.26 long, 1.33 wide, all the other morphological characters similar to the male.

Epigyne ( Figs 219A–C ): Ventral plate (VP) wider than long, covered with thick spines; dorsal plate (DP) somewhat oval, partly visible in ventral view. Copulatory openings (CO) present mid-ventrally at the junction of the dorsal and ventral plates; copulatory ducts (CD) with broad oval loop mid ventrally, posteriorly extending above the dorsal plate. Spermathecae (S) globular, present dorso-laterally, spaced by one and half times distance of their diameter; fertilization ducts (FD) large, extending mesally.

Distribution. Known only from the type locality (Hubei and Hunan Provinces, Figs 314 , 315 ).

Figures

FIGURE 218. Shaanxinus longiembolus sp. n., male holotype. A Palp, prolateral view; B Palp, retrolateral view; C Palp, ventral view; D Palp, dorsal view. Abbreviations: ARP—anterior radical process; ARS—anterior radical scaly part; DSA—distal suprategular apophysis; E—embolus; LER—lateral extension of radix; PC—paracymbium; PT—protegulum; R—radix; ST— subtegulum; T—tegulum; TP—tailpiece.

FIGURE 219. Shaanxinus longiembolus sp. n., male paratype palp. A, C Embolic division, ventral view; B Embolic division, dorsal view.Abbreviations:ARP—anterior radical process;ARS—anterior radical scaly part; E—embolus; LER—lateral extension of radix; R—radix; TP—tailpiece.

FIGURE 220. Shaanxinus longiembolus sp. n., female paratype. A, B Epigyne, ventral view; C Vulva, dorsal view.Abbreviations: CD—copulatory duct; CO—copulatory opening; DP—dorsal plate; FD—fertilization duct; S—spermatheca; VP—ventral plate.

FIGURE 221. Shaanxinus longiembolus sp. n., male holotype (A–C) and female paratype (D–F). A, D Habitus, dorsal view; B, E Habitus, lateral view; C, F Habitus, ventral view.

FIGURE 224. Shaanxinus ovatus sp. n., female paratype. A, B Epigyne, ventral view; C Vulva, dorsal view. Abbreviations: CD—copulatory duct; CO—copulatory opening; DP—dorsal plate; FD—fertilization duct; S—spermatheca; VP—ventral plate.

FIGURE 315. Distribution of Linyphiidae species in Hunan Prov.: 1. Acanoides cornutus sp. n.; 2. Acanoides ningxiangensis sp. n.; 4. Auriculaiana yongshunensis sp. n.; 5. Baryphyma xiaoxiense sp. n.; 6. Bathyphantes paracymbialis Tanasevitch, 2014; 7. Bathyphantes pseudogracilis sp. n.; 8. Bifurcia ramosa (Li & Zhu, 1987); 9. Bolyphantes arcuatus sp. n; 10. Bolyphantes gladius sp. n.; 11. Capsulia tianmushana (Chen & Song, 1987); 12. Dicristatus cordatus sp. n.; 13. Diplocephalus circularis sp. n.; 14. Drapetisca boletus sp. n.; 15. Drapetisca nanpingensis sp. n.; 16. Drapetisca yuelushanensis sp. n.; 17. Erigone prominens Bösenberg & Strand, 1906; 18. Frontinella zhui Li & Song, 1993; 19. Gnathonarium dentatum (Wider, 1834); 20. Gnathonarium gibberum Oi, 1960; 21. Oedothorax fortis sp. n.; 22. Tapinocyba sulcata sp. n.; 23. Himalaphantes azumiensis (Oi, 1979); 24. Hylyphantes graminicola (Sundevall, 1830); 25. Kaestneria bicultrata Chen & Yin, 2000; 26. Lepthyphantes frondeus sp. n.; 27. Microlinyphia zhejiangensis (Chen, 1991); 3. Microneta acutalis sp. n.; 28. Nematogmus sanguinolentus (Walckenaer, 1841); 29. Nippononeta alpina (Li & Zhu, 1993); 30. Nippononeta coreana (Paik, 1991); 31. Oia baiyunensis sp. n.; 32. Oia lata sp. n.; 33. Oia yinae sp. n.; 34. Oilinyphioides triangularis sp. n.; 35. Paikiniana lurida (Seo, 1991); 36. Parameioneta bilobata Li & Zhu, 1993; 37. Prosoponoides sinensis (Chen, 1991); 38. Ryojius lianghekouensis sp. n.; 39. Ryojius nanyuensis (Chen & Yin, 2000); 40. Scotinotylus longiprojectus sp. n.; 41. Shaanxinus insectus sp. n.; 42. Shaanxinus longiembolus sp. n.; 43. Sinolinyphia henanensis (Hu, Wang & Wang, 1991); 44. Syedra yuelushanensis sp. n.; 45. Tenuiphantes taipingensis sp. n.; 46. Ummeliata feminea (Bösenberg & Strand, 1906); 47. Ummeliata insecticeps (Bösenberg & Strand, 1906); 48. Walckenaeria xingdouensis sp. n.; 49. Walckenaeria extenuata sp. n.; 50. Walckenaeria yanglinensis sp. n.; 51. Wuliphantes tongluensis (Chen & Song, 1988); 52. Yuelushannus diaotangensis sp. n.; 53. Yuelushannus jinyuanensis sp. n.; 54. Yuelushannus wenfengensis sp. n..

FIGURE314.Distributionof LinyphiidaespeciesinHubeiProv.:35.Scotinotyluslongiprojectussp.n.;36.Shaanxinuslongiembolus sp. n.; 37. Sinogone puteus sp. n.; 38. Syedra yuelushanensis sp. n.; 39. Taibaishanus badongensis sp. n.; 40. Ummeliata feminea (Bösenberg & Strand, 1906); 41. Ummeliata insecticeps (Bösenberg & Strand, 1906); 42. Walckenaeria enshiensis sp. n.; 43. Walckenaeria extenuata sp. n.; 44. Walckenaeria xingdouensis sp. n.; 45. Wuliphantes tongluensis (Chen & Song, 1988).