Scotinotylus longiprojectus Irfan, Zhang & Peng

Irfan, Muhammad, Zhou, Gu-Chun, Peng, Xian-Jin & Zhang, Zhi-Sheng, 2025, Survey of Linyphiidae spiders (Arachnida: Araneae) from some Oriental Regions of China, Megataxa 15 (1), pp. 1-248 : 163-167

Scotinotylus longiprojectus Irfan, Zhang & Peng , sp. n.

(ẗẋȁ头e)

Figures 212–215 , 310 , 314 , 315

Types. Holotype ♂ ( HNU–GZ– IV–1715 ), CHINA, Guizhou Prov.: Tongren City, Songtao Co., Wuluo Town , Taohuayuan Vill. , Fanjingshan NNR , 28.00130°N, 108.80578°E, 1160 m, 06.XI.2017, G.C. Zhou leg. Paratypes: 32♂ 41♀, with same data as for holotype male ( HNU–GZ– IV–1715 ); Hunan Prov.: 12♂ 18♀, Shaoyang City, Suining Co., Zhaishi Town , Tieshanlin Vill. , Huangshan NNR , 26.37646°N, 110.10573°E, 1129 m, 26.X.2017, G.C. Zhou leg. ( HNU–HN– IV– 1759 ); 5♂ 7♀, Shaoyang City, Chengbu Co., Dajiang Town , Taiping Vill. , 26.34007°N, 110.24947°E, 553 m, 09.XI.2017, G.C. Zhou leg. ( HNU–HN– IV–1776 ); 1♀, Shaoyang City, Chengbu Co., Rulin Town , Daqiao Vill. , 26.34077°N, 110.27790°E, 527 m, 08.XI.2017, G.C. Zhou leg. ( HNU–HN– IV–1773 ); 1♀, Ningxiang Co., Huaminglou Town, Yanglin Vill. , 28.087272°N, 112.67114°E, 125 m, 09. V.2017, G.C., Zhou et al. leg. ( HNU–HN– IV–1707 ); 2♂ 3♀, Liuyang City, Mudu Vill., Daweishan NFP , 28.43388°N, 114.03376°E, 379 m, 14.I.2018, G.C. Zhou et al. leg. ( HNU–HNDWS–18–05 ); Hubei Prov.: 6♀, Enshi Co., Xuaneng Co., Changtanghe Town , Dawolong Vill. , 30.06976°N, 109.74897°E, 839 m, 16.V.2017, G.C. Zhou et al. leg. ( HNU–HB– IV–1707 ) ; 4♀, Enshi Co., Xuaneng, Changtanghe Town , Lianghekou Vill. , 30.00166°N, 109.74093°E, 1234 m, 14.V.2017, G.C. Zhou et al. ( HNU–HB– IV–1703 ) ; 2♀, Enshi Co., Huangjindong Town , Maliuxi Vill. , 29.95008°N, 109.02562°E, 863 m, 20.V.2017, G.C. Zhou et al. leg. ( HNU–HB– IV–1722 ) .

Etymology. The specific epithet is derived from the Latin adjectives “longus” and “projectus” meaning “long” and “projecting” and referring to the paracymbium with long projection in male palp.

Diagnosis. Scotinotylus longiprojectus sp. n. resembles S. guizhouensis sp. n. in having the similar tegulum and the embolic division ( Figs 212A–D , 213A–E ; Figs 208A–D , 209A–C ), but can be distinguished by the basal part of the paracymbium with long projection, hook-shaped pointed end and almost reaches to the proximal end of the tibia in retrolateral view in S. longiprojectus sp. n. ( Figs 212A–C , 213E ), projection absent in S. guizhouensis sp. n. ( Figs 208B, C ); distal suprategular apophysis small, retained below the embolic membrane in S. longiprojectus sp. n. ( Figs 212A–C , 213A–D ), vs. long, tongue-shaped, protruding above the embolic membrane in S. guizhouensis sp. n. ( Figs 208B, C , 209A– C ); retrolateral tibial apophysis absent in S. longiprojectus sp. n. ( Fig. 212B ), vs. present in S. guizhouensis sp. n. ( Fig. 208B ). Female resembles those of S. pallidus , S. protervus and S. sacratus in having the epigyne with a common small cusp-shaped scapoid on anterior margin ( Figs 214A–C ; Millidge, 1981, figs 36, 41, 72), but can be distinguished by the spermathecae present at posterior end on dorsal plate in S. longiprojectus sp. n. ( Fig. 214C ; vs. present anteriorly).

Description. Male (holotype, Figs 215A–C ): Total length: 1.99. Carapace 0.89 long, 0.65 wide, dark brown, cephalic region strongly elevated, cephalic pits present behind PLEs, fovea, cervical and radial grooves distinct. Clypeus 0.29 high. Chelicerae with five promarginal and six retromarginal teeth. Sternum longer than wide, brown with microsetae. Eyes: AER recurved, PME procurved. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.04, ALE 0.07, PME 0.06, PLE 0.06, AME–AME 0.02, PME–PME 0.07, AME–ALE, 0.04, PME–PLE 0.05, AME–PME 0.10, ALE–ALE 0.28, PLE–PLE 0.30, ALE–PLE contiguous. Length of legs: I 2.17 (0.66, 0.72, 0.42, 0.37), II 2.12 (0.65, 0.73, 0.38, 0.36), III 1.76 (0.53, 0.57, 0.36, 0.30), IV 2.16 (0.58, 0.79, 0.46, 0.33). Tibial spine formula: 2-2-1-1. TmI 0.32 and TmIV absent. Opisthosoma 1.18 long, 0.84 wide, oval, grey, densely covered with fine spines.

Palp ( Figs 212A–D , 213A–E ): Femur unmodified, almost longer than patella and tibia. Patella as long as tibia, ventrally grooved. Tibia with one reterolateral and one dorsal trichobothria, dorsal tibial apophysis (DTA) thumb-shaped with blunt end in dorsal view; cymbium unmodified; paracymbium (PC) sclerotized, with long hook-shaped ventral projection with pointed end, almost reaches to the proximal end of the tibia in retrolateral view; tegulum (T) ventrally with finger like projection; protegulum (PT) broad, membranous, with blunt tip protruding upward; distal suprategular apophysis (DSA) slightly curved, distal end membranous. Tailpiece (TP) of embolic division sclerotized, curved with blunt tip; embolic membrane (EM) running parallel with embolus. Embolus (E) long, sclerotized, coiled, almost forming a complete transverse circle.

Female (paratype, Figs 215D, E ): Total length: 2.02. Carapace 0.84 long, 0.63 wide, brown, cephalic region slightly elevated, cervical and radial grooves distinct. Clypeus 0.15 high. Chelicerae with five promarginal and six retromarginal teeth. Sternum longer than wide, yellow with microsetae. Eyes: AER recurved, PME procurved. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.03, ALE 0.06, PME 0.06, PLE 0.05, AME–AME 0.02, PME–PME 0.03, AME–ALE, 0.03, PME–PLE 0.04, AME–PME 0.04, ALE–ALE 0.24, PLE–PLE 0.27, ALE–PLE contiguous. Length of legs: I 2.14 (0.65, 0.75, 0.40, 0.34), II 1.9 (0.56, 0.66, 0.38, 0.30), III 1.64 (0.51, 0.52, 0.34, 0.27), IV 2.11 (0.62, 0.75, 0.41, 0.33). Tibial spine formula: 2-2-1-1. TmI 0.32 and TmIV absent. Opisthosoma 1.44 long, 1.04 wide, oval, grey, densely covered with fine spines.

Epigyne ( Figs 214A–C ): Ventral plate (VP) wider than long, with a common small cusp-shaped scapoid (SCD) on anterior margin; copulatory opening (CO) present antero-laterally in shallow cavity; copulatory ducts (CD) long, running parallel with the lateral wall of ventral plate. Dorsal plate (DP) completely visible in ventral view. Spermathecae (S) present near the posterior margin of dorsal plate. Fertilization ducts (FD) short extending mesally.

Distribution. Known from type localities (Guizhou, Hubei and Hunan Provinces, Figs 310 , 314 , 315 ).

Figures

FIGURE 208. Scotinotylus guizhouensis sp. n., male holotype. A Palp, prolateral view; B Palp, retrolateral view; C Palp, dorsal view; D Palp, ventral view. Abbreviations: DSA—distal suprategular apophysis; DTA—dorsal tibial apophysis; E—embolus; PC—paracymbium; PT—protegulum; RTA—retrolateral tibial apophysis; SPT—suprategulum; ST—subtegulum; T—tegulum; TP—tailpiece.

FIGURE 209. Scotinotylus guizhouensis sp. n., male paratype palp. A Embolic division, prolateral view; B Embolic division, ventral view; C Embolic division, posterior view. Abbreviations: DSA—distal suprategular apophysis; Em—embolus membrane; E—embolus; R—radix; SPT—suprategulum; TP—tailpiece.

FIGURE 212. Scotinotylus longiprojectus sp. n., male holotype. A Palp, prolateral view; B Palp, retrolateral view; C Palp, dorsal view; D Palp, ventral view. Abbreviations: DSA—distal suprategular apophysis; DTA—dorsal tibial apophysis; E—embolus; PC—paracymbium; PT—protegulum; R—radix; RTA—retrolateral tibial apophysis; SPT—suprategulum; ST—subtegulum; T— tegulum; TP—tailpiece.

FIGURE 213. Scotinotylus longiprojectus sp. n., male paratype palp. A Embolic division, prolateral view; B Embolic division, ventral view; C Embolic division, retrolateral view; D Embolic division, posterior view; E Paracymbium, retrolateral view. Abbreviations: DSA—distal suprategular apophysis; E—embolus; PC—paracymbium; R—radix; SPT—suprategulum; TP— tailpiece.

FIGURE 214. Scotinotylus longiprojectus sp. n., female paratype.A, B Epigyne, lateral view; C Vulva, dorsal view.Abbreviations: CD—copulatory duct; CO—copulatory opening; DP—dorsal plate; FD—fertilization duct; S—spermatheca; SCD—scapoid; VP—ventral plate.

FIGURE 215. Scotinotylus longiprojectus sp. n., male holotype (A–C) and female paratype (C, D). A, D Habitus, dorsal view; B Habitus, lateral view; C, E Habitus, ventral view.

FIGURE 310. Distribution of Linyphiidae species in Guizhou Prov.: 1. Bathyphantes paracymbialis Tanasevitch, 2014; 2. Bifurcia ramosa (Li & Zhu, 1987); 3. Bolyphantes aculeatus sp. n.; 4. Bolyphantes arcuatus sp. n.; 5. Bolyphantes gladius sp. n.; 7. Dicristatus denticulatus sp. n.; 8. Diplocephalus tongrenensis sp. n.; 9. Diplocephaloides cucullus sp. n.; 10. Gonatium absidatum sp. n.; 11. Tapinocyba cornuta sp. n.; 12. Gongylidium demersum sp. n.; 13. Tapinocyba pingshanensis sp. n.; 14. Hylyphantes graminicola (Sundevall, 1830); 15. Nippononeta coreana (Paik, 1991); 16. Prosoponoides sinensis (Chen, 1991); 17. Ryojius fanjingshanensis sp. n.; 18. Ryojius fodingshanensis sp. n.; 19. Scotinotylus guizhouensis sp. n.; 20. Scotinotylus longiprojectus sp. n.; 21. Spelaeus cicatrix sp. n.; 6. Trematocephalus cristatus (Wider, 1834); 22. Walckenaeria asymmetrica Song & Li, 2011; 23. Walckenaeria xingdouensis sp. n..

FIGURE 315. Distribution of Linyphiidae species in Hunan Prov.: 1. Acanoides cornutus sp. n.; 2. Acanoides ningxiangensis sp. n.; 4. Auriculaiana yongshunensis sp. n.; 5. Baryphyma xiaoxiense sp. n.; 6. Bathyphantes paracymbialis Tanasevitch, 2014; 7. Bathyphantes pseudogracilis sp. n.; 8. Bifurcia ramosa (Li & Zhu, 1987); 9. Bolyphantes arcuatus sp. n; 10. Bolyphantes gladius sp. n.; 11. Capsulia tianmushana (Chen & Song, 1987); 12. Dicristatus cordatus sp. n.; 13. Diplocephalus circularis sp. n.; 14. Drapetisca boletus sp. n.; 15. Drapetisca nanpingensis sp. n.; 16. Drapetisca yuelushanensis sp. n.; 17. Erigone prominens Bösenberg & Strand, 1906; 18. Frontinella zhui Li & Song, 1993; 19. Gnathonarium dentatum (Wider, 1834); 20. Gnathonarium gibberum Oi, 1960; 21. Oedothorax fortis sp. n.; 22. Tapinocyba sulcata sp. n.; 23. Himalaphantes azumiensis (Oi, 1979); 24. Hylyphantes graminicola (Sundevall, 1830); 25. Kaestneria bicultrata Chen & Yin, 2000; 26. Lepthyphantes frondeus sp. n.; 27. Microlinyphia zhejiangensis (Chen, 1991); 3. Microneta acutalis sp. n.; 28. Nematogmus sanguinolentus (Walckenaer, 1841); 29. Nippononeta alpina (Li & Zhu, 1993); 30. Nippononeta coreana (Paik, 1991); 31. Oia baiyunensis sp. n.; 32. Oia lata sp. n.; 33. Oia yinae sp. n.; 34. Oilinyphioides triangularis sp. n.; 35. Paikiniana lurida (Seo, 1991); 36. Parameioneta bilobata Li & Zhu, 1993; 37. Prosoponoides sinensis (Chen, 1991); 38. Ryojius lianghekouensis sp. n.; 39. Ryojius nanyuensis (Chen & Yin, 2000); 40. Scotinotylus longiprojectus sp. n.; 41. Shaanxinus insectus sp. n.; 42. Shaanxinus longiembolus sp. n.; 43. Sinolinyphia henanensis (Hu, Wang & Wang, 1991); 44. Syedra yuelushanensis sp. n.; 45. Tenuiphantes taipingensis sp. n.; 46. Ummeliata feminea (Bösenberg & Strand, 1906); 47. Ummeliata insecticeps (Bösenberg & Strand, 1906); 48. Walckenaeria xingdouensis sp. n.; 49. Walckenaeria extenuata sp. n.; 50. Walckenaeria yanglinensis sp. n.; 51. Wuliphantes tongluensis (Chen & Song, 1988); 52. Yuelushannus diaotangensis sp. n.; 53. Yuelushannus jinyuanensis sp. n.; 54. Yuelushannus wenfengensis sp. n..

FIGURE314.Distributionof LinyphiidaespeciesinHubeiProv.:35.Scotinotyluslongiprojectussp.n.;36.Shaanxinuslongiembolus sp. n.; 37. Sinogone puteus sp. n.; 38. Syedra yuelushanensis sp. n.; 39. Taibaishanus badongensis sp. n.; 40. Ummeliata feminea (Bösenberg & Strand, 1906); 41. Ummeliata insecticeps (Bösenberg & Strand, 1906); 42. Walckenaeria enshiensis sp. n.; 43. Walckenaeria extenuata sp. n.; 44. Walckenaeria xingdouensis sp. n.; 45. Wuliphantes tongluensis (Chen & Song, 1988).