Orphe Godman, 1901

Suênia-Bastos, Ayane, Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik & Casagrande, Mirna Martins, 2025, Taxonomic revision of Orphe Godman, 1901 (Hesperiidae: Hesperiinae: Pericharini: Orphina), Zootaxa 5604 (2), pp. 131-144 : 132-136

Orphe Godman, 1901

( Figs 1–7 )

Orphe Godman, 1901 , in Godman & Salvin. Biol. Centr.-Amer., Lep.-Rhop. 2, p. 619; type species: Hesperia gerasa Hewitson. - Godman, 1901, in Godman & Salvin. Biol. Centr.-Amer., Lep.-Rhop. 2, p. 619.-Mabille, 1904, in Wytsman. Gen. Ins. 17, p. 121, 128.-Draudt, 1923, in Seitz. Gross-Schmett. Erde 5, p. 991.-Lindsey, 1925. Ann. Ent. Soc. Amer. 18: 95.-Hayward, 1934. Rev. Soc. ent. arg. 6: 101.- Williams & Hayward, 1944. Acta zool. Lill. 2: 222.-Bell, 1946. Bol. Ent. venezol. 5: 180.- Hayward, 1947. Acta zool. Lill. 4: 366.- Evans, 1955. Cat. Amer. Hesp. 4, p. 208, 246.-Hemming, 1967. Bull. Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.), Ent., Suppl. 9: 325.-Lamas, 1969. Biota 7: 338.-Beattie, 1976. Rhop. Direct., p. 43.- Bridges, 1983. Lep. Hesp. 2, p. 24.-Bridges, 1988. Cat. Hesp. 2, p. 39; App. 2, p. 3.-Bridges, 1988. Cat. Fam.-Group & Gen.-Group Nam., 2 nd ed., 4, p. 93; 5, p. 3.-Bridges, 1994. Cat. Fam.-Group, Gen.-Group, Sp.-Group Nam., Hesp. (Lep.) World 4, p. 22; 5, p. 3; 6, p. 7; 9, p. 44.-O. Mielke, 2004. Hesperioidea, p. 9, 74, in Lamas (ed.). Checklist: Part 4A, Hesperioidea-Papilionoidea, in Heppner (ed.). Atlas Neotrop. Lep. 5A.-O. Mielke, 2005. Cat. Amer. Hesperioidea 5, p. 1126.-Warren, Ogawa & A. Brower, 2008. Cladistics 24: 669.-Warren, Ogawa & A. Brower, 2009. Syst. Ent. 34: 498, 516.- Li et al., 2019. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sc. 116 (13): 6232-6237, S1 App., p. 3, 8.-Toussaint & Warren 2019. Jour. Nat. Hist. 53: 35-36, p. 2175; eye, ethol.- Zhang et al., 2022. Insecta Mundi 921: 98.

Orfhe [sic]; O. Mielke, 2005. Cat. Amer. Hesperioidea 5, p. 1126.

Orphe sp. Piñas, 2006. Marip. Ecuador 9. Fam. Hesperiidae . Quito, Comp. Jesus, 9, p. 15, 76, figs 936, 937 (male d, v), 938, 939 (male d, v), 940, 941 (male d, v).

Type species

Hesperia gerasa Hewitson, 1867 , designated by Godman (1901).

Species included

Orphe gerasa (Hewitson, 1867) , Orphe vatinius Godman, 1901 .

Etymology

Not informed by the author.

Diagnosis

This genus is distinguished from the other Pericharini genera by the following characters: male DFW with a continuous stigma between CuA 1 and 2A, characterized by a row of scales along its external edge or several wavy-looking rows of scales ( Figs 3A, B ), a unique feature among Pericharini genera. Male HW with the origin of Rs curved towards the costal margin ( Fig. 3C ). Male genitalia ( Figs 4 , 5 ) with tegumen slightly projected over uncus; valva, harpe with bifid or trifid dorso-distal projections and spines; aedeagus, cornuti present, more conspicuous in O. vatinius . Female genitalia ( Fig. 6 ) with the lamella antevaginalis formed by two lateral plates directing towards the lamella postvaginalis, and with a broad median projection in direction to lamella postvaginalis.

Redescription

Head: antenna dorsally and ventrally brown, base of club yellow; nudum, 15–16 segments. Eyelash present, brown and short. Eye red ( Glassberg 2017).

Thorax: mesotibia and metatibia not spined. Male DFW brown, with six or seven white hyaline spots in the discal cell, R 3 – R 4, R 4 – R 5, R 5 –M 1, M 2 –M 3, M 3 –CuA 1, and CuA1–CuA2; continuous stigma between CuA 1 and 2A, characterized by a row of scales on its external edge or several wavy-looking rows of scales ( Figs 3A, B ), a unique feature among Pericharini genera. Female DFW brown with one more hyaline spot above 2A. DHW brown in both sexes. FW with recurring vein; dcs present; distance between the origins of CuA 1 and CuA 2 wider than the origins between M 3 and CuA 1. Male HW with Rs curved towards costal margin ( Fig. 3C ).

Abdomen: male genitalia ( Figs 4 , 5 ) with tegumen wider than longer, projecting over uncus; ventral projection of tegumen in relation to valva, straight or oblique. Tegumen + uncus shorter than length of the valva. Uncus shorter than tegumen. Gnathos with dark punctuations or a few spines distally. Valva, harpe with bifid or trifid dorso-distal projections and spines; ampulla directed towards the dorsal or the distal portions; sacculus without setae. Fultura inferior with two antero-lateral projections. Aedeagus as long as the length of saccus + valva as in O. vatinius , or shorter as in O. gerasa ; cornuti present, more conspicuous in O. vatinius . Female genitalia ( Fig. 6 ) with lamella antevaginalis formed by two lateral plates directed towards the lamella postvaginalis with broad median projection directed towards the lamella postvaginalis. Lamella postvaginalis as a transversal line. Papilla analis rectangular, totally sclerotized in O. gerasa or with the posterior portion sclerotized in O. vatinius . Ductus bursae striated and longer than the corpus bursae.

Key to species of Orphe

1 Wings, in male and female, ventrally covered with lilac scales in apical and submarginal areas ( Fig. 1 ). Male stigma with a single row of grey scales along its edge ( Fig. 3A ).................................................. Orphe gerasa

- Male wings ventrally covered with ferruginous scales ( Fig. 2A–B ); stigma with several wavy-looking rows of scales ( Fig. 3B ). Female VHW usually with grey scales in central and submarginal areas ( Fig. 2D ), sometimes yellowish ( Fig. 2F ).................................................................................................. Orphe vatinius

Figures

FIGURE 1. Orphe gerasa, dorsal view in first column and ventral view in second column. A–B, Male (DZ 58.121). C–D, Female (DZ 58.127). Scale bar = 1cm.

FIGURE 2. Orphe vatinius, dorsal view in first column and ventral view in second column. A– B, Male (DZ 58.143). C–D, Female (OM 40.275). E–F, Female (DZ 58.136). Scale bar = 1 cm.

FIGURE 3. Orphe species, male stigma in forewing dorsal view, and male hindwing venation: A, Orphe gerasa (DZ 58.121). B, Orphe vatinius (DZ 58.143). C, Orphe gerasa (DZ 58.117), the black arrow pointing to Rs curved towards costal margin. Scale bar = 2 mm.

FIGURE 4. Orphe gerasa, male genitalia, from Tambopata National Reserve, Madre de Díos, Peru (DZ 58.117). A, Dorsal view. B, Lateral view. C, Ventral view. D, Valva, inner view. E, Gnathos with dark punctuations distally. F, Fultura inferior, dorsal view. G–J, Aedeagus in dorsal, ventral, left and right lateral views. Scale bar (black = 1 mm; white = 0.2 mm, corresponding to gnathos).

FIGURE 5. Orphe vatinius, male genitalia, from Manú National Park, Madre de Díos, Peru (DZ 58.132). A, Dorsal view. B, Lateral view. C, Ventral view. D, Gnathos with a few spines distally. E, Valva, inner view. F–I, Aedeagus in dorsal, ventral, left and right lateral views. Scale bar (black = 1 mm; white = 0.2 mm, corresponding to gnathos).

FIGURE 6. Orphe species, female genitalia. Lateral and ventral views. A–B, Orphe gerasa, from Summit, Panama City, Panama (DZ 58.115). C–D, Orphe vatinius from 50 km NO Bujari, Acre, Brazil (DZ 58.139). Scale bar = 1 mm.

FIGURE 7. Orphe species, geographical distribution. The grey colour indicates the occurrence of O. gerasa and O. vatinius in the countries.