Alangium javanicum (Blume) Wangerin

Dewilde, W. J. J. O. & Duyfjes, B. E. E., 2017, Taxonomy of Alangium section Conostigma (Alangiaceae), Blumea 62 (1), pp. 29-46 : 33-35

7. Alangium javanicum (Blume) Wangerin

Alangium javanicum (Blume) Wangerin (1910) 14. — Marlea javanica (Blume) Koord.& Valeton (1899) 2; (1900) 76; Bloemb.(1935) 281,p.p.; (1939) 218, p.p. — Styrax javanicum Blume (1826 ‘1825’) 671. — Lectotype, here designated: Blume 1343 (L L.2497141; iso L 2 sheets L.2497139,L.2497140; para BO, NY 2 sheets NY00334848, NY00334849), Java, ‘Aug.’.

Marlea costata Boerl. (1890) 654, for the type only. — Alangium bogoriense Wangerin (1907) 338;(1910) 11, nom.superfl. — Type:cultivated in Bogor Botanical Garden s.n. (holo L L0009823).

Alangium arboreum Teijsm. & Binn. , nom. nud., in sched. ― Voucher specimen: cultivated in Bogor Botanical Garden s.n. (L L.2497852).

Tree 10–30 m tall; twigs brown, 2–3 mm diam, at apex (late) glabrescent from hairs c. 0.5 mm long; leaf bud ± straight, densely hairy, hairs c. 0.5 mm long. Leaves: petiole 0.8–1.5 mm long; lamina drying brown, glabrescent, elliptic-oblong, 10–20 by 4–5 cm, base rounded or short-cuneate, apex acute-acuminate; veins pinnate, c. 10 per side, somewhat loop-veined; tertiary venation faint, finely reticulate. Inflorescences hairy (hairs c. 0.5 mm long), with (1–)2–5 flowers axillary to a leaf, sessile or on a peduncle 3(–10?) mm long. Flowers densely hairy (hairs c. 0.5 mm long); pedicel 1–2 mm long; corolla in bud 8–10 mm long, not swollen at base, apex subobtuse; ovary and calyx 3.5–4 mm long, finely ribbed; limb c. 1 mm long, shallowly 6-lobed (toothed); petals 5 or 6, inside minutely hairy, 8–12 mm long; stamens 6, filament c. 3 mm long, at apex and margin hairy, without thickened portion near base, anther c. 8 mm long, connective glabrous; style appressed hairy, 6 –7 mm long, stigma narrow-conical. Fruit 1 or 2 per infructescence, drying grey-brown, minutely hairy, late-glabrescent, ovoid-ellipsoid, (15–)20–23(–25) mm long, base ± rounded or short-attenuate, finely shallowly many-ribbed; calyx remnant short, shallowly lobed.

Distribution — S Sumatra (?), W Java, E Borneo, but see note 2.

Habitat & Ecology — Dry land lowland forest on low hills; sandy loam soil with lime; to 250 m altitude; flowering in July and August; fruiting from July to February.

Field-note ― Ripe fruit red.

Notes — 1. Alangium javanicum is variable, possibly also in the hairiness of the leaf buds; see also the notes under A. oblongum and A. meyeri .

2. The distribution area of A. javanicum is determined as restricted to W Java and E Kalimantan (1 collection, Kostermans 4365, Sungei Riko, Balikpapan).

It should be noted that according to Bloembergen (1939: 222) the type of the synonym Marlea costata originates from Lam- pong, S Sumatra, cultivated in the Bogor Botanical Garden (from Teijsmann 6717); however, the annotation ‘ Teijsmann 6717 ’ on the holotype of M. costata (L L0009823) is lacking and its provenance cannot be proven.

In addition there are in L three collections from outside Java which cannot go with other species, but which also do not fully match our present conception of A. javanica . They are: Neth. Ind. For. Service bb 22406, N Sumatra, Aceh, G. Agusan, ± 1800 m alt., fr.; Neth. Ind. For. Service bb 26597, SE Kalimantan, upper Mahakam River, low alt., fr. (fruit different from bb 22406); Leighton 106, E Kalimantan, Kutei, low alt., fr.). More, similar material from these areas is needed in order to place these collections.