Arundinella hispida (Kunth ex Willd.) Kuntze

Veldkamp, J. F., 2015, Arundinella (Gramineae) in Malesia with notes on other taxa and on aluminium accumulation, Blumea 59 (3), pp. 167-179 : 176

3. Arundinella hispida (Kunth ex Willd.) Kuntze

Arundinella hispida (Kunth ex Willd.) Kuntze (1891) 761; Hack. (1904) 527, isonym. — Andropogon hispidus Kunth ex Willd.(1806) 908. — Ischaemum hispidum (Kunth ex Willd.) Kunth (1816) 194. — Type: Humbold & Bonpland s.n. (holo P-BONPL, fragm in US).

Goldbachia mikanii Trin. in Spreng. (Jan.1821) 81,nom.incorr.(‘ mikani ’). — [ Riedelia mikanii Trin.ex Nees (1829) 465, in syn.; ex Kunth (1833) 515,in syn.] — Arundinella mikanii Nees (1829) 465,nom.superfl. — Type: Mikan s.n. (holo not in Herb.Trin.,fide IDC microfiche BT-16/1; iso possibly in W).

Arundinella brasiliensis Raddi (1823) 37, t. 1, f. 3. — Type: Raddi s.n. (holo PI, BM, fragm., Herb. Trin. 398.2, LE, IDC microfiche BT-16/1).

See Soreng & Pennington (2003: 112) for more extensive synonymy and references.

Plants perennial. Culms tufted, erect, 0.75–2 m long. Nodes glabrous, puberulous, or bearded. Sheaths pilose to pilose with bb hairs. Throat hairy. Ligule 0.2–0.3 mm high, glabrous. Blades rather stiff, flat to involute, linear, 15–27 cm by 7–16 mm, glabrous to pilose on both sides, margins scaberulous. Peduncle glabrous under the panicle. Panicle loosely to densely contracted, usually interrupted at base, 9–40 by 3–7 cm, lowermost branches 1–15 together, longest one 8–20 cm long, branches angular, scaberulous, glabrous. Pedicels scaberulous, apex not setose. Spikelets 2.8–4.2 mm long, yellowish or purple. Glumes glabrous; lower glume 2–2.9 mm long, 0.7–0.76 times as long as the spikelet, about as long as the lower lemma, apex acuminate, 3- or 5-nerved; upper glume 3–7-nerved, apex long-acuminate. Lower lemma neuter (paleate) or male, 1.5–2.8 mm long, 3- or 5-nerved, apex acute; upper lemma 1.5–2 mm long, castaneous in fruit, microscopically scaberulous (40 ×!), 0-nerved, callus hairs 0.3–0.6 mm long, 0.2–0.37 times as long as the lemma, apex acute, without lateral setae, awn distinctly exserted beyond the glumes, geniculate, 1.7–6 mm long when dry, column 0.6–1.8 mm long when dry. Anthers 3, 0.5–0.9 mm long.

Distribution — Mexico to Paraguay, Argentine.

Habitat — Lowland savannahs to montane forest edges, edges of fields, 300–2000 m altitude.

Note — Records for Asia are misidentifications.