Baccharis chionolaenoides D. Falkenberg & Deble, 2010

Falkenberg, Daniel de Barcellos & Deble, Leonardo Paz, 2010, BACCHARIS CHIONOLAENOIDES (ASTERACEAE), A NEW SPECIES OF SUBGENUS TARCHONANTOIDES FROM SANTA CATARINA STATE (BRAZIL), Darwiniana 48 (1), pp. 64-67 : 64-67

Baccharis chionolaenoides D. Falkenberg & Deble , sp. nov.

TYPE: BRAZIL, Santa Catarina, Urubici: extremo sul do topo do Morro da Igreja, pouco além da área cercada pelo CINDACTA , ♀, 06-XII-1996 (fl. and fr.), D. B. Falkenberg 8961 ( holotype, FLOR! ; isotypes, CTES! SI! MBM! UEC! ). Fig. 1.

A Baccharis curitybensi primo aspectu, sed foliis ad apicem ramorum coronatis, basi in pseudopetiolo longe attenuato (vs. foliis petiolatis), cypselis majoribus, 2.4-3.2 mm (versus 1.3-1.8 mm), obconicis (versus cylindricis), cum paucis (versus densis) pilis geminis vestitis, setis pappi florum marium apice non plumoso (versus plumoso), cellulis apicalibus in papillas longas, ascendentes erectisve, acutas (versus patentes, subclavatas) productis bene differt.

Subshrubs 0.3-0.4 m high; stems spreading or erect, dichotomously branched; young shoots densely orange- to yellow-lanuginose; older shoots ochre to darker. Leaves elliptic to oblanceolate, 2.2-6.4 cm long, 0.7-2.4 cm wide, spirally alternate, crowded at the apex of the branches, discolorous, margin entire, revolute, apex slightly acute to obtuse, base long-attenuate in a pseudopetiole up to 2.5 cm long; leaf blade coriaceous, greenish brown, olive or light brown, 3-veined from near base, adaxially glabrous or sparsely floccose in the proximal third and prominently reticulate-veined, densely yellow, ochre or yellowish-ochre lanuginose, apparently 3-veined abaxially; young leaves adaxially with dense to sparser deciduous whitish hirsute trichomes, abaxially densely orange to yellow lanuginose. Capitulescence in terminal corymbs of 4-9 capitula. Capitula pedunculate; peduncles densely ochre lanuginose, up to 3.8 cm long; bracts 0-1, lanceolate, up to 2.5 mm long. Female capitula hemispheric, 9.5-12.2 mm long, 9.5-14.2 mm wide, involucre 6.3-9.8 mm long, 7.3-11.5 mm wide, flowers 46-63. Involucral bracts in 4-5 series, cartilaginous, abaxially densely ochre lanuginose, 1-3-veined, veins dark brown, visible only on the ventral surface. Outer bracts ovate-lanceolate, 3.8-5.2 mm long, 1.4-2 mm wide, median bracts elliptic to elliptic-lanceolate, 4.4-6.5 mm long, 1.2-1.6 mm wide, inner bracts lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, 4.9-6.2 mm long, 1-1.4 mm wide. Clinanthium flat, with scattered whitish flagellate trichomes. Corolla tubular, 3.1-4 mm long, apically with five acute, papillose teeth up to 0.3 mm long. Style slightly exceeding the corolla, 4-5 mm long; style branches lanceolate, 0.8-1 mm long. Pappus yellowish, 3.9-5.2 mm long; bristles 45-64, multiseriate, deciduous. Cypsela obconical, 2.4-3.2 mm long, brown, 10- ribbed, with sparse twin trichomes. Male capitula hemispheric, 6.5-8.6 mm long, 7.8-13 mm wide, involucre 4.8-6.5 mm long, 7.8-12.5 mm wide, flowers 43-58. Involucral bracts in 3-5 series, cartilaginous, dorsum dense ochre lanuginose, 1-veined, veins dark brown, visible only on the ventral surface. Outer bracts lanceolate, 3.5-4.5 mm long, 1.1-1.5 mm wide, median bracts lanceolate to elliptic-lanceolate, 4.1-4.9 mm long, 1.2-1.6 mm wide, inner bracts elliptic-lanceolate to elliptic, 4.4-5.4 mm long, 0.9-1.3 mm wide. Clinanthium flat, densely covered by whitish flagellate trichomes. Corolla 4.2-5.1 mm long; tube 2-2.9 mm long, with a few trichomes scattered in the distal half; lobes 1.8-2.2 mm long. Style not or slightly exceeding the corolla, 4-4.6 mm long; branches free, lanceolate, 0.6-0.8 mm. Anthers 1-1.1 mm long. Pappus yellowish, 3.8-5 mm long; bristles 31-52, multiseriate, narrowed at apex. Abortive cypsela cylindrical, 0.5-1 mm long, glabrous.

Distribution and habitat. Baccharis chionolaenoides is known only from type population, which occurs in Morro da Igreja, Aparados da Serra Geral, Urubici city, where it was found on cliffs of volcanic rock, at 1,800 m altitude.

Observations. Baccharis chionolaenoides is placed within section Curitybenses Giuliano , being easily distinguished from B. curitybensis by leaves crowded at the apex of the branches, a long leaf base attenuated into pseudopetiole (vs. distinctly petiolate), pappus of the functionally male flower non-plumose, apical cells projected like long, erect, acute papillae (vs. plumose, with apical cells projected like long, patent, subclavate papillae), and cypselas obconical, 2.4-3.2 mm long (vs. cylindrical, 1.3-1.8 mm), sparsely clothed by twin trichomes (vs. densely clothed by twin trichomes).

The section Curitybenses comprises two species, that occur in south (Santa Catarina and Paraná states) and southeastern (São Paulo state) Brazil, being segregated from the other species of the subgenus Tarchonantoides by cypselas essentially 10-ribbed (very rarely 9 or 11) and non-accrescent, deciduous pappus of female flowers.

Paratypes

BRAZIL. Santa Catarina. Urubici, extremo sul do topo do Morro da Igreja, pouco além da área cercada pelo CINDACTA , ♂, 29-I-1997 (fl.), D. B. Falkenberg 9421 ( FLOR!) ; idem, 16-X-1993, D. B. Falkenberg 6290 ( FLOR!) ; idem, ♂, 06-XII-1996 (fl.), D. B. Falkenberg 8962 ( FLOR!) ; idem, ♂, 03-XI-1996 (fl.), D. B. Falkenberg 8724 ( FLOR! CTES! SI! MBM! UEC!) ; idem, 08-X-1996, D. B. Falkenberg 8378 ( FLOR!) ; idem, 18- VI-1996, D. B. Falkenberg 7958 ( FLOR!) .

Etymology. The specific epithet refers to its habit resembling species of the genus Chionolaena DC. ( Asteraceae ), especially Chionolaena latifolia .

Figures

Fig. 1. Baccharis chionolaenoides. A, branch of female plant. B, leaves. C, female capitulum. D-F and Q, female involucral bracts. D, outer. E, median. F, inner. Q, adaxial surface. G, female flower. H, cypsela. I, apex of female flower. J, male capitulum. K, male flower. L-M, male involucral bracts. L, outer and median. M, inner. N, style of female flower. O, style of male flower. P, young leaf. R, pappus apex of a male flower. S, detail of the leaf base. A-I, N, P- Q, S from D. B. Falkenberg 8961 (Holotype, FLOR). J-M, O, R from D. B. Falkenberg 8962 (Paratype, FLOR).