Cyphoderia ampulla (Ehrenberg, 1840) Leidy, 1879

Soler-Zamora, Carmen, Useros, Fernando, González-Miguéns, Rubén, Gómez-Rodríguez, Pablo & Lara, Enrique, 2023, The problem of ‘ shadow species’ as illustrated with the taxonomic hotchpotch Cyphoderia ampulla (Rhizaria: Cyphoderiidae), Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 199 (2), pp. 477-492 : 487

Cyphoderia ampulla (Ehrenberg, 1840) Leidy, 1879

( Figs 1 , 4 A 3 )

Type locality: Morollón River , Fuente de la Gitana recreational area, La Peza, Spain (37º 51ʹ N 2º 47ʹ W) .

Habitat: River sediment.

Measurements: 88.81–123.55 μm length, 33.48–50.46 μm width, 15.54–24.50 μm pseudostome large axis, and 1.86–2.25 × 1.40– 1.73 μm scales from the middle of the shell (N = 84).

Specific diagnosis: Elongated shell with a circular section and rounded bottom. Short neck at a different angle to the shell. Rounded pseudostome with a thin organic layer and teeth around it. Elliptical scales placed next to each other, more or less well aligned.

Note: Has been also isolated in the locality of Sieben Quellen, near Aachen, Germany.

Holotype: MA-Amoeba 11263.

Figures

Figure 1. Bayesian phylogenetic tree based on SSU and COI sequences of the family Cyphoderiidae.At each node posterior probability values (Bayesian analysis) and bootstrap values (Maximum Likelihood analysis) are represented.The colours represent the molecular clades. GenBank accession codes are given on the tips. Species names correspond to the taxonomic assignation of the organisms based on morphology for each lineage.

Figure 3. Dichotomous key of the family Cyphoderiidae.New genera are in bold with their respective shell outline drawing (50 μm scale bar), scale arrangement under SEM (grey box with 10 μm scale bar), and shell outline under light microscopy (orange box) in order to differentiate them. (A) Cyphoderia; (B) Oleiformis gen. nov.; (C) Ichthyosquama gen. nov.: (D) Knarr gen. nov., (E) Psammoderia gen. nov.

Figure 4. SEM images of C. ampulla and the different UCS from the Cyphoderiagenus. Insets show the typical habitat for each organism.The original drawing of C. ampulla from Ehrenberg, 1840 is shown top right.The white bars represent a scale of 10 μm and the black one 50 μm for each organism.